Upcoming talks

When & Where 

Date: Tuesday 21, October, 2025

Time: 13:15-15:15 (Finnish time) 

Format: Hybrid ()

Register here:

Not Just Boxes: Living at the Intersections of Race and Gender

This talk explores intersectionality as a critical framework for understanding how race, gender, and other social categories interact to shape the lived experiences of marginalised communities across Europe. Drawing on empirical research and policy analysis, the presentation will examine how structural inequalities persist within education, employment, and leadership, particularly affecting Black women and other racialised groups. 

When & Where 

Date: Monday 29 September, 2025

Time: 14:00-15:30 (Finnish time) 

Format: Hybrid

Location:  , Room 1053 (in person)

Register here:

Understanding the Production of Housing Precarity

How do we understand housing need, and how does that shape our responses to it? In this presentation, uses feminist theories to consider how housing vulnerability is a shared condition while housing precarity is created through systems and structures that stem from the commodification of housing. 

When & Where 

Date: Monday 2 June, 2025

Time: 14.15-15.45 

Format: Hybrid []

Location:  Metsätalo, room B214,

Register here:

Re-Cast(e)ing Ascription: Identities, Inequality and Democracy in India

Abstract: The promise of equal citizenship has been among the foundational values of democratic political regimes. With growing spheres of entitlements and welfareism, the past century saw a significant expansion in the scope and domains of citizenship. Even when economic disparities grew, the expanding realms of citizenship entitlements presumably enabled institutionalization of a regime of equal opportunities creating conditions for social and economic success in life for anyone willing to work hard and pursue the path of mobility. Indeed, the growth/development of modern-day industrial capitalist economic systems presumably marked a fading away of past hierarchies grounded in ascription and traditional cultures. The fact that they did not entirely disappear everywhere is generally viewed as evidence of incomplete or flawed execution of democracy and the market-driven capitalist economy.

Drawing from my work on the social and political life of caste in contemporary India, my presentation will attempt to provide a contrary view to this popular/modernist assumption and show how such a framing is largely embedded in a West/Euro-centric view of the world. My studies on the patterns of political participation of those located on the caste margins of Indian society and the making of their political agency show how democratic political processes are also shaped by local cultures and political histories, as are urban markets and capital processes. My work also shows that the explanation for such an apparent “deviation” does not lie in the popular Western framing of India as an exceptional place but rather in its recent history, particularly of the British colonial period. The patterns of democratic politics during the post-colonial period continue to be influenced by its foundational moment, i.e. the British colonial framework of engaging with “native” populations.

Besides my writings on caste in contemporary times, my presentation will draw from my ongoing work on the political sociology of community identities and the making of India’s elite as aspects of emergent structures of inequality. Finally, I would also argue that the Indian experience of persistent inequalities and their intersections with ascription and identity presents a broader theoretical promise for comparative work on the social life of democracy and political dynamics of contemporary capitalism.

Speaker bio: (Centre for the Study of Social Systems, School of Social Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi)  is a HSSH Visiting Professor at the Faculty of Social Sciences (University of Helsinki) in May-June 2025. 

Professor Jodhka has received numerous honours and awards, including the Amartya Sen Award, which was conferred to him by the Indian Council of Social Science Research (2012). He was invited to deliver Radhakrishna Memorial Lectures at the University of Oxford in 2018. He also served as visiting professor and chair of the Indian Council of Cultural Relations at the University of Lund in Sweden between 2012-2013 and as visiting associate professor at the University of Bergen, Norway, in 2005. He researches different dimensions of social inequalities, contemporary caste dynamics, agrarian change, rural India, and the political sociology of community identities. His work has been published in Journals such as Economic and Political Weekly, Journal of Peasant Studies, Current Sociology, and Oxford Development Studies. He has authored/edited more than 20 books. His most recent books include The Oxford Handbook of Caste. OUP 2023 (edited with Jules Naudet); The Indian Village: Rural Lives in the 21st Century. Aleph 2023; India’s Villages in the 21st Century: Revisits and Revisions OUP 2019 (edited with Edward Simpson); Mapping the Elite: Power, Privilege, and Inequality. OUP 2019 (edited with Jules Naudet); Contested Hierarchies: Caste and Power in the 21st Century. Orient Blackswan 2018 (co-edited with James Manor). Inequality in Capitalist Societies. Routledge 2018 (co-authored with Boike Rehbien and Jesse Souza). The Indian Middle-Class OUP 2016 (co-authored with Aseem Prakash); Caste in Contemporary India Routledge 2015; Caste: Oxford India Short Introductions. OUP 2012. He is the editor of the Routledge India book series on ‘Religion and Citizenship’ and co-editor of the OUP book series on ‘Exploring India’s Elite’. 

Chair: , Research Director, INEQ

Commentators: 

, Grant-funded researcher, Faculty of Social Science, University of Helsinki

, Professor in Political History, University of Helsinki

, University lecturer in Global development studies, University of Helsinki

When & Where 

Date: Monday 7 October, 2024 

Time: 15:15-16:45 (Finnish time) 

Format: Hybrid [Zoom link to be sent to all registered participants]

Location:  Main building, room Tekla Hultin (F3003), Fabianinkatu 33, Helsinki

Register here: .

Seeing Others: How Recognition Works and how it Heals a Divided World

Growing inequality and the decline of the American dream are marked by a mental health crisis across all social classes in the United States. I consider what alternative hopes are taking shape based on interviews with 80 Gen Zs and 185 agents of change who are producing new narratives in entertainment, comedy, advocacy, art, impact investing, and other fields of activity. They are offering alternatives to neoliberal scripts of self by producing narratives that emphasize inclusion, authenticity, and sustainability. They contribute to social movements that aim to extend recognition to the largest numbers, even in a context where political backlashes are multiplying. These transformations point to how to broaden cultural citizenship, not only in the United States but in other societies.

is Professor of Sociology and of African and African American Studies and the Robert I. Goldman Professor of European Studies at Harvard University. An influential cultural sociologist who studies inclusion and inequality, she has tackled topics such as dignity, respect, stigma, racism and anti-racism, class and racial boundaries, social change, and how we evaluate social worth across societies. Her most recent book is Seeing Others: How Recognition Works and How It Can Heal a Divided World (Simon and Schuster (US) and Penguin Random House (UK), 2023). Her other books include: Money, Morals, and Manners: The Culture of the French and the American Upper-Middle Class (1992), The Dignity of Working Men: Morality and the Boundaries of Race, Class, and Immigration (2000), How Professors Think: Inside the Curious World of Academic Judgment (2009), and the coauthored Getting Respect: Responding to Stigma and Discrimination in the United States, Brazil and Israel (2016).  Prominent edited collections include Cultivating Differences: Symbolic Boundaries and the Making of Inequality (1992), Reconsidering Culture and Poverty (2010), Rethinking Comparative Cultural Sociology (2000), Social Knowledge in the Making (2011) and Social Resilience in the Neo-Liberal Era (2013).

The event is hosted by INEQ together with the Sociology Talks lecture series run by the discipline of sociology at the Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Helsinki.

Moderator: , Research Director, INEQ

Commentators: , Professor of Sociology, University of Helsinki

, Professor of Sociology, University of Helsinki, Docent, University of Tampere

When & Where 

Date: Friday 4 October, 2024 

Time: 14:15-15:45 (Finnish time) 

Format: Hybrid [Zoom link to be sent to all registered participants]

Location: Unioninkatu 37, room 1066.

Register here: .

Do Faculty Diversity Programs Work? Evidence from 600 U.S. Universities Across 20 Years

Historically white, and male, colleges and universities in the U.S. began to diversify their undergraduates in the 1960s and have made considerable progress since then. But progress on faculty diversity has stalled. That has wide-ranging implications for everything from university completion rates for students of color to the presence of new voices in medical research. Universities deserve much of the blame, for they implemented programs to diversify the faculty that their own social scientists had long ago shown to be ineffective. An analysis of the efficacy of diversity programs at 600 schools over 20 years sheds light on how universities can build faculties that look more like their students and wider societies in terms of gender, race, and ethnicity.

is Henry Ford II Professor of the Social Sciences at Harvard. His Inventing Equal Opportunity (Princeton University Press, 2009) shows how HR managers and activists defined what it meant to discriminate in the eyes of the law, elaborating the definition over time. His Getting to Diversity: What Works and What Doesn't with Alexandra Kalev (Harvard University Press [Belknap], 2022) looks at the effectiveness of dozens of different diversity programs, in over 800 companies across more than 30 years, to answer the questions: Which programs help, which hurt, and how can harmful programs be improved? His research has been covered by The New York Times, The Washington Post, The Economist, The Boston Globe, Le Monde, CNN, National Public Radio, Fast Company, and Slate. 

Moderator: , Research Director, INEQ

Commentators:

Senior Lecturer in General Didactics, Faculty of Educational Sciences.

Affiliate member in Centre for Research on Ethnic Relations and Nationalism, The Swedish School of Social Science, University of Helsinki

Title of Docent (education), University of Oulu.

Chair, Una Europa Diversity Council

, doctoral researcher (sociology), University of Helsinki.

When & Where 

Date: Thursday, 12th September 2024

Time: 15:15-16:45 (Finnish time) 

Format: Hybrid [Zoom link to be sent to all registered participants]

Location:  Metsätalo, B214 (Hall 4), Unioninkatu 40, Helsinki

Register here by 10th September:

Segregated Inclusion

The dominant paradigm for explaining inequality between social groups foregrounds dynamics of exclusion. By implication, scholars argue that the inclusion of subordinated groups into social institutions historically controlled by dominant ones should pave the way to equality. Yet, as many institutions become more inclusive, some inequalities remain stubbornly persistent. In this talk, we (Fabien Accominotti and Shamus Khan) argue that this is in part because segregation has moved within institutions, leading to instances of segregated inclusion. Scholars of inequality who have noted this segregated inclusion suggest that residual dynamics of exclusion explain residual inequality. Taking a different approach, we argue that cases of segregated inclusion reveal how certain dynamics of inclusion are themselves partially responsible for the production of between-group inequality. The classic paradigm of inequality makes it difficult to identify these dynamics, because it lacks an understanding of how inclusion might cause inequality. We propose that while inclusion gives subordinated groups access to material resources and status positions they did not previously enjoy, segregated inclusion legitimizes institutions that dominant groups retain privileged connections to and naturalizes disparities between formerly included and excluded groups, thereby potentially augmenting inequality. In introducing the concept of segregated inclusion, this presentation explores the bifurcated causal impact of inclusion on equality and inequality.

is Willard Thorp professor of sociology and American Studies at Princeton University, where he also serves as the Director of Gender & Sexuality Studies. He is the author of over 120 articles, books, and essays, including Privilege: The Making of an Adolescent Elite at St. Paul’s School, and Sexual Citizens: Sex, Power, and Assault on Campus (with Jennifer Hirsch).

The event is hosted by INEQ together with the Sociology Talks lecture series run by the discipline of sociology at the Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Helsinki.

Moderator: , Professor of Sociology, University of Helsinki.

When & Where 

Date: Friday 23 August, 2024 

Time: 10.15-11.45 (Finnish time) 

Format: Hybrid [Zoom link to be sent to all registered participants]

Location: Unioninkatu 37, Faculty Hall (Room 1066) & Online

Register here: .

International trends in child protection

Over three decades have passed since the United Nations developed the Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC). That landmark document drew attention to the importance of protecting children from a range of human rights violations, including the right to be free from abuse and neglect from parents or caregivers. The countries that have signed on to the UNCRC – which include almost all UN member nations – have committed to devise a protective response to children if parents, other family members, or the community are unable to protect children from harm. But how nations across the globe conceptualise harm, their responsibilities, and even how they define childhood, varies. These differences, along with a nation’s history, culture, resources, and other factors, shape child protection systems.

This presentation provides a broad overview of a global typology of child protection systems including five major system models. These ideal types are designed to protect against various childhood risks and harms, and rely on different legislative, administrative, and funding structures to respond to child and family needs. The global typology serves as a framework against which policymakers, researchers, students, and professionals can assess and aspire to strengthen their own country system. 

Jill Duerr Berrick, MSW, PhD, serves as a Distinguished Professor of Social Welfare and the Zellerbach Family Foundation Professor in the School of Social Welfare at U.C. Berkeley where she has taught policy courses to graduate students for over two decades. Berrick’s research focuses on the relationship of the state to vulnerable families, particularly those touched by poverty and the child welfare system.  She has written or co-written 12 books on topics relating to low-income families, maltreatment, and foster care. Most recently, she has focused her research on international comparative child protection policies and international children’s rights in the context of child protection.  Her newest book (edited with Prof. Neil Gilbert and Prof. Marit Skivenes), The Oxford Handbook of Child Protection Systems (Oxford University Press), examines child protection in 50 countries across the globe and suggests a new typology for categorizing distinct approaches to serving children and families. 

Marit Skivenes serves as a professor at the Department of Administration and Organization Theory, University of Bergen. She is recognised as a leading expert in the field of child protection systems, with numerous publications in well-regarded journals. Skivenes is the Head of the Centre for Research on Discretion and Paternalism, and the Principal Investigator of several international research projects. Skivenes headed  (2021-2023).

Commentators:

, research professor at the Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, docent in legal psychology (University of Helsinki).

, the ombudsman for children in Finland, docent in social work (University of Helsinki). 

When & Where 

Mon 4 March, 2024 

14:00 – 15:30 (Finnish time) 

Format: Online [Zoom link to be sent to all registered participants] 

Register here:  

Inclusive Research: Researching with People with Intellectual Disabilities 

Professor  has honorary chairs at the Open University, UK, and at the University of Cork, Ireland. She has pioneered research with people with intellectual disabilities since the late 1980s and coined the term 'inclusive research' in an article published in 2001. Her 2003 book, written with Kelley Johnson, Inclusive Research with People with Intellectual Disabilities Past, Present and Future, has been influential. Since its publication, she has been pleased to continue working with people with intellectual disabilities as a researcher in several ways and to observe 'inclusive research' taking off worldwide. 

Jan Walmsley’s Inequality Talk titled Inclusive Research: Researching with People with Intellectual Disabilities will explore the origins of a movement known as inclusive research, a term first used in a paper she published in 2001 and which has slowly built an international profile. The talk will address the following questions through practical examples of inclusive research projects: 

• What is inclusive research? 
• What were the origins of inclusive research? 
• What is the spectrum of involvement in inclusive research? 
• What is the added value of inclusive research? 
• What are the current and future developments in inclusive research? 
• What ongoing challenges are associated with inclusive research? 

Jan will be joined by Daniele Garratt, a co-researcher with intellectual disabilities.

Keywords: inclusive research; intellectual disabilities; learning disabilities; involvement 

Commentators:  

• , University Researcher, Research Units of the Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Helsinki, Finland 
• Experts by experience from

This INEQ Talk is organised in collaboration with the . 

Constructing gender and understanding inequality in qualitative and quantitative research 

Helsinki Collegium for Advanced Studies Lecture Hall (Fabianinkatu 24, 3rd floor) and online via Zoom at 10:00-12:00 (UTC+3h, Finnish local time)

This talk will explore ways in which gender is constructed in both qualitative and quantitative research. It will draw on examples from a number of research projects including the longitudinal 1958 British Birth Cohort Study (which includes both qualitative and quantitative data on many thousands of individuals born in 1958) and the 2021 UK Census. Using insights from recent scholarship on Data Feminism, the talk will suggest ways in which we might disrupt taken for granted conceptions of gender by using mixed methods approaches. The difficulties of maintaining an interest in social justice, and combatting inequalities, while also arguing for an understanding of gender as relational and socially constructed will be a focus for discussion. Some of the practical challenges of using mixed methods approaches will also be addressed. 

 is a Professor at the Department of Sociology at the University of Exeter. Before joining the Department of Sociology, Philosophy and Anthropology in September 2017 she was the Chief Executive of the Economic and Social Research Council (2014 – 2017). Prior to 2014 she was Professor of Sociology, and Head of the Department of Quantitative Social Sciences, at the Institute of Education, University of London. In this role she was also Director of the ESRC-funded Centre for Longitudinal Studies (CLS) which manages the 1958, 1970 and Millennium Birth Cohort Studies and the Longitudinal Study of Young People in England. She has a longstanding interest in combining qualitative and quantitative methods of research and has been instrumental in collecting and making available qualitative material to complement the quantitative longitudinal data on the 1958 British Birth Cohort Study. 

Commentator: Docent, University Lecturer (Sociology, UH)

To participate, on-site or online, and receive access to the Zoom meeting, please register via  by 8 June. 

This talk is organized in collaboration with  (HSSH).

The Challenge of Right-wing Nationalist Populism for Social Work

Online via Zoom, at 10:00-11:30 (UTC+2h, Finnish local time)

In this presentation Goetz Ottmann would like to give (a) an introduction followed (b) by examples of how the rise of right-wing populism impacts on social-political and cultural formations. In the introduction Ottmann will briefly describe some definitions and features and challenges especially to social work. Following that, he will give an overview of how, in Australia, right-wing nationalist populism radically changed the basis on which welfare is being provided. He will document the shifts from a rights-based welfare to an increasingly punitive behaviour change model bringing to the fore two core policies designed to police compliance, thereby introducing surveillance, compliance focussed social assistance, sanctions and behaviour modification as basis of offering and receiving welfare services. This gradual move to repressive right-wing policies directly challenges social work’s values and claims to be a rights-based profession. Some ideas of counteracting this development are outlined.

 holds the position of a senior social work lecturer at Federation University. His research has focused on participatory, community-based social services and public policies in aged and disability care. He has extensive experience in qualitative and action research methodologies and has led several multi-methods program evaluations. His theoretical work revolves around the application of critical social theories to a wide range of social work topics. He has held senior positions in public and private tertiary education.

This talk is based on the current book Noble, C. and Ottmann, G. (eds). (2021). . Oxon: Routledge.

Commentators: Senior Lecturer  (UH), Senior Researcher  (UH) & Postdoctoral Researcher  (University of Jyväskylä)

Moderator: INEQ director Meri Kulmala

To participate and receive access to the Zoom meeting, please register via  by 6 November. 

Should Scholars Own Data? The High Cost of Neoliberal Qualitative Scholarship

Language Centre, Festive Hall (Fabianinkatu 26) and online via Zoom

at 10:00–11:30 (UTC+3)

If qualitative work were to be rebuilt around open science principles of transparency and reproducibility, what types of institutional reforms are needed? It’s not enough to mimic open science movements within the quantitative field by focusing on problems of data archiving and reanalysis. The more fundamental problem is a legal-institutional one: The field has cut off the development of transparent, reproducible, and cumulative qualitative research by betting on a legal-institutional model in which qualitative scholars are incentivized to collect data by giving them ownership rights over them. This neoliberal model of privatized qualitative research has cut off the development of public-use data sets of the sort that have long been available for quantitative data. If a public-use form of qualitative research were supported, it would not only make qualitative research more open (i.e., transparent, reproducible, cumulative) but would also expand its reach by supporting new uses. The – the first nationally-representative open qualitative data set in the US – is a radical test of this hypothesis. It is currently being used to validate (or challenge!) some of the most famous findings coming out of conventional “closed” qualitative research, to serve as an “early warning system” to detect new crises and developments in the U.S., to build new approaches to taking on poverty, the racial wealth gap, and other inequities, and to monitor public opinion in ways far more revealing than conventional forced-choice surveys. The purpose of this talk is to discuss the promise – and pitfalls – of this new open-science form of qualitative research as well as opportunities to institutionalize it across the world. 

is Edward Ames Edmonds Professor in the School of Humanities and Sciences, Professor of Sociology, Senior Fellow at the Stanford Institute for Economic Policy Research, and Director of the , and coeditor of Pathways Magazine. He is a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, corecipient of the 2004 Max Weber Award, founder of the Cornell University Center for the Study of Inequality, and a former Presidential Young Investigator. 

His recent books include Inequality in the 21st Century (with Jasmine Hill, 2017), Social Stratification (with Kate Weisshaar, 2014), Occupy the Future (with Douglas McAdam, Robert Reich, and Debra Satz, 2012), The New Gilded Age (with Tamar Kricheli-Katz, 2011), and The Great Recession (with Bruce Western and Chris Wimer, 2011). 

To participate, on-site or online, and receive access to the Zoom meeting, please register via by 6 October. 

This talk is organized in collaboration with (HSSH).

A dream deferred: Young adults in South Africa at the intersection of faith, race and inequality

Online via Zoom, at 14:00-15:30 (UTC+3h, Finnish local time)

The US poet Langston Hughes once wrote: “What happens to a dream deferred? It explodes”. The dream of the South African ‘rainbow nation’ has faded and South Africa continues to display high levels of race-based inequality 28 years after the advent of democracy. In 2018 the World Bank identified South Africa as the most unequal nation in the world. This is complicated by the fact that SA has high levels of youth unemployment and low levels of intergenerational socio-economic mobility – more especially with regards to the black populace. As a result, a social commentator recently labelled SA a ticking time bomb and predicted the possibility of an “Arab Spring” type uprising lead by disgruntled youth. In the midst of this, South Africa is notoriously religious with a large percentage of the population confessing the Christian faith and has a history of faith motivated youth activism. In this talk I hope to explore the ways in which young adults think about the intersection of faith, race and inequality stemming from a both a recent qualitative case study of the lived religion of young adults and a new book of which I am the editor, entitled: Faith, race and inequality amongst young adults in South Africa: contested and contesting discourses for a better future (2022).

 is Associate Professor in Theology and Development in the Department of Practical Theology and Missiology and the director of  (URDR) at the University of Stellenbosch (SU). The majority of her research has focused on the intersection between religion, poverty and inequality with a special focus on the role of local congregations and Faith Based Organisations (FBOs) especially within the South African context. She is the past chairperson of the Practical Theology Society of South Africa and currently serves as the vice president of the International Academy of Practical Theology. She has received grants for several projects in the field of faith and development with her most recent project entitled “Born free? An investigation into the lived theologies and social agency of young Christians in Stellenbosch”. Besides lecturing, publishing and supervising post graduate students, Nadine is often invited to address congregations, church leaders and FBOs on the church’s role in development. She serves on the board of two local FBOs and is part of the steering committee for the soon to be launched Christian Alliance for Inclusive Development.

Moderator: INEQ Professor of Urban Theology 

Commentator: Professor (Theology, UH)

Please register for the talk via  by September 19. Registration is mandatory and Zoom link will be sent only to registered participants.

How to protect the environment in an unequal world?

Online via Zoom, at 15:00-16:30 (UTC+3h, Finnish local time)

 is Co-Director of the  at the Paris Scool of Economics (PSE) and Affiliate Professor at Sciences Po. He is also an Associate Researcher at PSE and at the Institute for Sustainable Development and International Relations, as well as Senior Advisor at the European Tax Observatory, and was a Visiting Scholar at the Harvard Kennedy School. Chancel is an economist, specialized in inequality and in environmental policy. His work focuses on the measurement of economic inequality, its interactions with sustainable development and on the implementation of social and ecological policies. He is the author of  (2020, Harvard University Press).

This lecture will present the latest findings of the and discuss policy options to tackle extreme inequality. The report draws from the work of a network of over 100 researchers affiliated with the World Inequality Database. The 2022 edition includes novel results on global wealth inequalities, gender gaps and ecological inequalities.

Commentators: Associate Professor  (UH, Practical Philosophy) and Doctoral Researcher (UH, En­vir­on­mental Sci­ences)

Moderator: Anna-Leena Riitaoja, INEQ Research Coordinator

Please register for the event via  by June 6. Registration is mandatory and Zoom link will be sent only to registered participants.

Gender Inequality in the Global South: The Role of Social Institutions

Porthania P674 and online, at 10-12 (UTC+3h, Finnish local time)

Since 2015, global progress made in bridging gender gaps in both economic and social dimensions of women’s lives has been marginal. Recent gender gap indexes show that sub-Sahara Africa, South Asia, Middle East, and North Africa continue to lag behind the rest of the world in achieving gender parity. It has become clear that rising per capita income does not necessarily eradicate all forms of inequality. Social institutions and norms, described as social principles that govern the behaviour of a society also wield an important influence on various dimensions of women’s economic and social lives and have the potential to perpetuate existing gender gaps in areas such as education, employment, and other autonomy indicators. This talk aims to highlight specific discriminatory social norms and practices, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa and how they have impacted gender inequality. Gleaning from recent empirical research, the talk highlights policies, programs, and interventions that are currently being employed and have shown some promise in various countries in the Global South to minimize the gender gaps in these contexts. The address emphasis on the need for a more holistic approach-which combines improvement in economic growth and changes in harmful social practices in tackling the issues of gender inequality in the sub-region.

Dr  is a Senior Lecturer at the Department of Economics, University of Ghana, Legon and a Researcher at the (ACEIR). Her broad research interests are demographic and health economics with a particular focus on human capital development pertaining to maternal and child health, as well as education and labour market outcomes in developing country contexts. She has experience in analysing cross-sectional and longitudinal data, including large-scale national household surveys such as the World Bank’s Living Standards Measurement Surveys using both applied econometric and spatial econometric techniques. Her recent research projects have examined the relationship between child labour and intergenerational poverty, structural transformation and inequality and inclusive growth, as well as the inequality of opportunities and education outcomes. Her research has been published in development and health economics-related journals, including Oxford Development Studies and Applied Health and Health Policy.

Commentators: Commentator: Dr Milla Nyyssölä, Research Associate at The United Nations University World Institute for Development Economics Research () and Chief Researcher at 

Moderator: Meri Kulmala, Director of INEQ

Please register for the event via  by June 1. Registration is mandatory. Further information on attending the event and the Zoom link will be sent only to registered participants.

This event is part of  organized by INEQ on May 30-June 2, 2022.

Nav­ig­at­ing the Com­plex­it­ies of Chal­len­ging In­equal­it­ies

17:00–18:30, online via Zoom

This talk will explore some of the complexities and paradoxes of challenging historical and systemic ongoing inequalities in contexts characterized by VUCA (volatility, uncertainty, complexity and ambiguity), unsustainability and unequal North-South relations. It will draw on insights from a research collaboration between the  Arts/Research collective (GTDF) and the Federation of the Huni Kui Indigenous Peoples of the Amazon. The talk will include a video from Chief Ninawa Huni Kui offering an Indigenous perspective on our current global collective predicament.

Professor  holds a Canada Research Chair in Race, Inequalities and Global Change at UBC. Her research examines historical and systemic patterns of reproduction of inequalities and how these limit or enable possibilities for collective existence and global change. Her publications in this field include analyses of political economies of knowledge production, discussions of the ethics of international development, and critical comparisons of ideals of globalism and internationalization in education and in global activism, with an emphasis on representations of and relationships with marginalized communities. Andreotti's work in teacher education conceptualizes education as an expansion of frames of reference and of fields of signification with a view to expanding possibilities for ethical solidarities. Her academic work is committed to protecting the public role of the university as critic and conscience of society and as a space of independent, multi-voiced, critically informed and socially accountable debates about alternative futures.

Moderator: Mandira Halder, visiting research fellow at INEQ

Please register for the event via  by May 29. Registration is mandatory and the Zoom link will be sent only to registered participants.

This talk is part of a seminar on INEQ's  that brings together key scholars in the multidisciplinary area of inequalities to discuss on the societal relevance of inequality research on 30 May–2 June 2022. The seminar is jointly organized by INEQ, , and international student association  (OSA).

The Challenge of Right-wing Nationalist Populism for Social Work

Online via Zoom, at 10:00-11:30 (UTC+3h, Finnish local time)

In this presentation we would like to give (a) an introduction followed (b) by two examples how the rise of right-wing populism impacts on social-political and cultural formations. In the introduction Professor Noble will briefly describe some definitions and features and challenges especially to social work where we locate our professional identities and activities, then we will outline our two examples to illustrate our concerns.

In the first example Dr Ottmann will give an overview of how, in Australia, right-wing nationalist populism radically changed the basis on which welfare is being provided. He will document the shifts from a rights-based welfare to an increasingly punitive behaviour change model bringing to the fore two core policies designed to police compliance, thereby introducing surveillance, compliance focussed social assistance, sanctions and behaviour modification as basis of offering and receiving welfare services. This gradual move to repressive right-wing policies directly challenges social work’s values and claims to be a rights-based profession. Some ideas of counteracting this development are outlined.

In the second example Professor Noble draws attention to how anti-genderism found a re-emergence with the rise of right-wing populist leaders who blatantly flaunted misogynistic attitudes and behaviours, fighting for gender power to remain securely in white men’s hands. Anti-gender populism reflected the growing frustration of white men (in particular) with reduced economic power who, rather than address the economic sources of their miseries, turned to strengthening patriarchal values and personal power. A progressive feminist response is briefly outlined.

Finally, we ask where to now? And invite some commentary.

is Former Associate Dean and Foundation Professor of Social Work at the Australian College of Applied Psychology (ACAP) in Sydney and Emerita Professor of Social Work at Victoria University, Melbourne. She is author and co-author of several books and many chapters and peer-reviewed articles. Her research interests include social work theory, philosophy and ethics, work-based learning, professional supervision and gender justice. She is editor-in-chief of open access social issues magazine for The International Association of Schools of Social Work (IASSW). 

is a Senior Lecturer in Social Work at the Federation University in Australia. He has published extensively on a range of topic including the construction of citizenship in countries within the context of under-developed welfare states and the impact of participatory budgeting and policy making on the development of effective welfare services. He has published three books and numerous peer-reviewed articles and book chapters.

This talk is based on the current book Noble, C. and Ottmann, G. (eds). (2021). . Oxon: Routledge.

Commentators: University Researcher  (UH) & Postdoctoral Researcher  (University of Jyväskylä)

Russian oligarchs and Western sanctions

Porthania P674 and online, at 14:00 (UTC+2h, Finnish local time)

Western responses to Russia’s pending and then materialising invasion of Ukraine brought home two aspects of elite power and relations. First, it provided the scale of which the interests of economic and political elites are intertwined on an international scale. Second, it proved how beneficial it is for them to promote the distinction of ‘good’ and ‘bad’ wealth and power. The former is presented as being down to merit, hard work and personality traits. The latter are to be blamed for the economic and social grievances. I will elaborate on these two thoughts on the example of the recent individual sanction lists that were compiled by US, the EU and the UK in response to Russian aggression. What do the choices Western leaders tell us about international elite networks, the lobbying of industry sectors and the merger of overlap of interests among economic superplayers and elite circles in power positions? I will also try to disentangle the convoluted dynamics between the Kremlin, Russian oligarchs and the British establishment.

  is an expert on Russian elites and the author of the book Rich Russians: From Oligarchs to Bourgeoisie (2018, Oxford University Press). She works as a Senior Lecturer in Sociology and Policy at Aston University, Birmingham, UK, and is a visiting fellow at LSE's . Her research focuses on the sociology of elites, power and social inequality, as well as on media and journalism in post-communist Europe.

Commentators: Academy Research Fellow  (Tampere University), Professor  (UH)

Moderator: Meri Kulmala, Director of INEQ

Please register for the event via  by March 20. Registration is mandatory and Zoom link will be sent ONLY to registered participants.

Organized in collaboration with "Cultures of Private Capital in 21st Century Finland" project (Hanna Kuusela)

Globalizing the Algorithmic Turn

Online via Zoom, at 16:00–17:30 (UTC+2h, Finnish local time)

Virginia Eubanks has been exploring the use of high-tech tools in social assistance since 1999. After the publication of her generative book, Automating Inequality: How High-Tech Tools Profile, Police, and Punish the Poor (St. Martin's, 2018), she was struck by how rarely she heard explicitly cross-national stories about boundary-smashing practices such as algorithmic decision-making, remote eligibility, and digital service delivery. Curious and committed to making conversations about the social justice challenges of automated welfare more global, Eubanks and her colleague Andrea Quijada (University of New Mexico) began collecting oral histories on the subject in 2020. Narrated by service beneficiaries themselves, these stories explore day-to-day experiences of the digital transformation of public services in Australia, Colombia, Indonesia, Spain, the United Kingdom, and the United States (so far). Join us for an informal conversation about the project's results to date and to help inform oral history collection in Finland, set to occur in March 2022.

is an Associate Professor of Political Science at the University at Albany, SUNY. She is the author of Automating Inequality: How High-Tech Tools Profile, Police, and Punish the Poor (2018), Digital Dead End: Fighting for Social Justice in the Information Age (2011), and co-editor of Ain’t Gonna Let Nobody Turn Me Around: Forty Years of Movement Building with Barbara Smith (2014). Her writing about technology and social justice has appeared in Scientific American, The Nation, Harper’s, and Wired. For two decades, Eubanks has worked in community technology and economic justice movements. She was a founding member of the Our Data Bodies Project and a 2016-2017 Fellow at New America.

Commentators: Professor (TUNI, Social Policy) & Associate Professor (UH, Centre for Consumer Society Research and Helsinki Centre for Digital Humanities)

Moderator: Meri Kulmala, Director of INEQ

Please register for the event via  by February 14. Registration is mandatory and Zoom link will be sent ONLY to registered participants.

Organized in collaboration with the .

Please note that this event will not be recorded.

Globalization, inequality, and health policy

Online via Zoom, at 14:00–15:30 (UTC+2h, Finnish local time)

is Professor of Global Health and Development at Tampere University and has expertise in global and transnational health and social policy, trade and global governance for health. She is interested in global health issues, but has a particular interest in the relationship between economic globalization, trade and health, health systems and politics, and practice of global health policy-making. Koivusalo has a background in public health medicine with a PhD in environmental health and an MSc from London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. She has co-authored and edited academic and text books in the area of global health as well as worked with Finnish government, European Commission, WHO-Geneva, UNRISD and a number of international nongovernmental organizations. Koivusalo is currently a member of the WHO expert panel on science and technology.

Abstract: In this talk I will discuss health policy in relation to globalization and in particular, globalization as economic integration. While focus on globalization and health has traditionally been in low- and middle-income countries, a renewed interest has emerged not only as result of pandemics, but as well due to questions arising from inequalities and politics in high-income countries, from commercial and trade policies under multilateral governance, and increasing market power of industries relevant to health, currently known as commercial determinants of health.    

Please register for this talk via  by November 16. 

Registration is mandatory and Zoom link will be sent ONLY to registered participants.

Commentators: Research Director  (UH), UHealth – Interdisciplinary Research for Health and Well-being profile-building area, Professor (UH, Social Policy)

Moderator: Senior Researcher , Director of INEQ

Deepening engagements with decolonization: Lessons from STEM

Online via Zoom, at 17:00-18:30 (UTC+3h, Finnish local time)

Professor holds a Canada Research Chair in Race, Inequalities and Global Change at UBC. Her research examines historical and systemic patterns of reproduction of inequalities and how these limit or enable possibilities for collective existence and global change. Her publications in this field include analyses of political economies of knowledge production, discussions of the ethics of international development, and critical comparisons of  ideals of globalism and internationalization in education and in global activism,  with an emphasis on representations of and relationships with marginalized communities. Andreotti's work in teacher education conceptualizes education as an expansion of frames of reference and of fields of signification with a view to expanding possibilities for ethical solidarities. Her academic work is committed to protecting the public role of the university as critic and conscience of society and as a space of independent, multi-voiced, critically informed and socially accountable debates about alternative futures.

Assistant Professor  works at the Department of Educational Studies at UBC. Her research brings critical and decolonial perspectives to the study and practice of internationalization, decolonization, and sustainability in higher education. Through this work, Stein seeks to interrupt common colonial patterns of educational engagement, including: uneven, paternalistic, and extractive relationships between dominant and marginalized communities; simplistic solutions to complex problems; and ethnocentric imaginaries of justice, responsibility, and change. In her work on higher education and beyond, Stein emphasizes both the importance and the difficulty of addressing the interrelated ecological, cognitive, affective, relational, political and economic dimensions of local and global (in)justice.

Abstract:  In this presentation we review the approach to decolonization developed by our collective, , and offer preliminary insights from our research about the decolonization of STEM disciplines. This work has two primary dimensions: 1) identifying the challenges and complexities of redressing STEM’s historical and ongoing legacies of colonial harm; and 2) fostering deepened cognitive, affective, and relational capacities for engaging with these challenges and complexities, so that we might ultimately learn to weave together different knowledge systems in socially relevant and ethically accountable ways. In particular, we will review a series of pedagogical frameworks that we have developed for inviting intellectually and relationally rigorous engagements with decolonization in today’s volatile, uncertain, and hyper-complex institutional contexts. 

Please register for this talk via  by October 24. 

Registration is mandatory and Zoom link will be sent ONLY to registered participants.

Comments: Associate Professor  (UH, Social Work), Associate Professor (UH, Indigenous Studies), University Lecturer  (Aalto University, Computer Science)

Moderator: Research Coordinator , INEQ

The Return of Inequality

Online via Zoom, at 14:00 (UTC+3h, Finnish local time)

 is Professor of Sociology at the London School of Economics and the former director of the LSE’s International Inequalities Institute. Savage's role at LSE builds on his long standing interests in analysing social stratification and inequality. Savage has played a major role in the revival of the sociology of social class in recent decades so that it has become once more a central plank of the discipline. His approach has four distinctive elements: a deep concern to recognise the intersectional and cultural dimensions of social inequalities; insistence on understanding inequality spatially; commitment to a strongly historical approach to analysis; and seeing rigorous research methods as fundamental to sociological inquiry. Savage brings these interests together to renew interests in class analysis so that they are better attuned to contemporary urgencies, especially associated with the burgeoning fortunes of the super-rich.

Please register for this talk via  by September 24. 

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Abstract: The economic facts of inequality are clear. The rich have been pulling away from the rest of us for years, and the super-rich have been pulling away from the rich. More and more assets are concentrated in fewer and fewer hands. Mainstream economists say we need not worry; what matters is growth, not distribution. In this talk Mike Savage discusses his new book (2021), where he pushes back, explaining inequality’s profound deleterious effects on the shape of societies.

Savage shows how economic inequality aggravates cultural, social, and political conflicts, challenging the coherence of liberal democratic nation-states. Put simply, severe inequality returns us to the past. By fracturing social bonds and harnessing the democratic process to the strategies of a resurgent aristocracy of the wealthy, inequality revives political conditions we thought we had moved beyond: empires and dynastic elites, explosive ethnic division, and metropolitan dominance that consigns all but a few cities to irrelevance. Inequality, in short, threatens to return us to the very history we have been trying to escape since the Age of Revolution.

This talk is organized in coopeation with .

Comments: Professor  (UH, Media and Communication Studies), Director of BIBU; Professor  (UH, Media and Communication Studies), Director of HSSH; and Associate Professor  (UH, Political History), INEQ

Moderator: Senior Researcher , Director of INEQ

A Sense of Inequality

Online via Zoom, at 14:00-15:30 (UTC+3h, Finnish local time)

Dr currently works in the Department of Sociology in the School of Social Sciences, at the University of Manchester. Her research interests focus on social hierarchies, and how inequalities are wound through our social connections and personal ties. She explores these concepts from three different angles within her work: using the patterning of social ties to map hierarchies; thinking about how social ties and interaction can help us to theorize hierarchy and inequality; and exploring how our web of social connections affects the visibility of inequality. Wendy Bottero is the author of ‘A Sense of Inequality’ (Rowman and Littlefield, 2019) which extends her work theorizing the subjectivities of inequality. She is also the author of ‘Stratification: Social Division and Inequality’ (Routledge, 2005), which offers an exciting perspective on differentiation and inequality, by investigating how our most personal choices are influenced by hierarchy and social difference.

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Abstract: In this talk Wendy Bottero discusses a key argument from her book, '' (2019). The book brings together a range of different literatures in order to better understand what provokes a sense of inequality. Bottero argues that we must locate people’s knowledge, beliefs and values about inequality within a more situated understanding of their practical engagements and concerns. One difficulty is that many analysts’ main interest in subjective inequality rests in how people’s understandings affect their consent or challenge to relations of inequality.  This question is an important one, but we must first analyse people’s understandings of inequality on their own terms, locating them within their ordinary practical concerns and contexts of activity, and emerging as part of their struggles to resolve their problems of experience.

Discussant: Associate Professor (UH), Sociology

Moderator: Meri Kulmala, INEQ Director

NB! The talk has been postponed from May 5 to May 11.

Why No Economic Democracy in Sweden? A Counterfactual Approach

Online via Zoom, at 14:00-15:30 (UTC+3h, Finnish local time)

holds the August Röhss Chair in Political Science at the University of Gothenburg and is the co-founder of , an independent research institute within the Department of Political Science. He served as professor of government and public policy and professorial fellow of Nuffield College at the University of Oxford in 2016 and 2017 and has been a visiting fellow at Cornell University, Harvard University and Stanford University.

Quality of political institutions, welfare politics, and corruption have been at the forefront of Rothstein's research. His main publications include 'Just Institutions Matter: The Moral and Political Logic of the Universal Welfare' (Cambridge University Press, 1998), 'The Quality of Government: The Political Logic of Corruption, Inequality and Social Trust' (University of Chicago Press, 2011), 'Making Sense of Corruption' (together with Aiysha Varraich; Cambridge University Press, 2017), and 'Controlling Corruption: The Social Contract Approach' (Oxford University Press, 2021). Rothstein is also a prolific contributor to the public debate and an advocate for academic freedom.

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Abstract: Companies that are owned and/or governed by their employees, through a co-operative, a stock-option plan or an employee trust, have been studied empirically for almost four decades. The results show that such companies perform on average better and have higher productivity than firms that are governed by outside capitalists/owners/investors and they pay somewhat higher wages. In addition, they have far less turnover of personnel and employees are more satisfied with their working conditions. In many cases, such companies make a very significant contribution to decreasing economic inequality because, in addition to their higher salaries, employees also benefit from the capital in the company, usually in the form of substantially higher pensions. People working in such firms tend to be more pro-democratic and civic oriented.

Given these many positive results, this talk poses a counterfactual question: why has economic democracy, in the form of employee-owned and/or governed companies, not been on the political agenda in Sweden? There are many reasons why we should have seen such companies mushrooming in Sweden, given its strong labour movement and Social Democratic party, yet the country has comparatively few. Three explanations are presented: the organisational interest of the trade unions in organisational learning, the conflation by the political left of capitalism and markets and the political debacle of the ‘wage-earner funds’ policy.

Discussant: Professor  (UH), Social Policy

Moderator: INEQ Associate Professor of Contemporary History

Inequality, Stagnation, Financialization and the Global South

Online via Zoom, at 14:00-15:30 (UTC+3h, Finnish local time)

Dr. Yılmaz Akyüz was the Director of the Division on Globalization and Development Strategies and Chief Economist at the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) when he retired in August 2003. He also served as the chief economist of the South Centre, an Intergovernmental Think Tank of the Developing Countries, between June 2009 and August 2018. Yilmaz Akyüz taught at various universities in Europe before joining UNCTAD in 1984 and after his retirement. He has published several articles and books in macroeconomics, finance, growth and development, including 'Playing With Fire' (Oxford University Press, 2017). Dr Akyüz is second holder of the Tun Ismail Ali International Chair in Monetary and Financial Economics at the University of Malaya.

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Abstract: Inequality is not only a social but also a macroeconomic problem. The secular decline in the share of wages in national income, the increased concentration of wealth and growing financialization are among the central causes of slowdown in accumulation and growth in major advanced economies. Attempts to overcome stagnation by creating credit and asset bubbles through ultra-easy money and financial deregulation have not only added to inequality and financialization, aggravated the demand gap and reduced potential growth, but also entailed significant repercussions for emerging economies. They have generated exceptionally favourable global financial conditions for them and an unprecedented surge in capital inflows in a search-for-yield in high-risk, high-return assets, accelerating their integration into international finance and deepening their linkages with mature markets. These have increased their vulnerability to external financial shocks and led to significant resource transfers to advanced economies through financial channels.

This talk is organized in collaboration with .

Discussant: Professor (UH), Political Science

Moderator: Meri Kulmala, INEQ Director

Capitalism, Alone

Online via Zoom, at 18:00-19:30 (UTC+3h, Finnish local time)

 is one of the world’s leading economists of inequality. He is a Presidential Professor at the Graduate Center, City University of New York, and a senior scholar at the . He served as lead economist in the World Bank’s Research Department for almost 20 years, leaving to write his book on global income inequality, 'Worlds Apart' (2005).  Milanovic also served as a senior associate at Carnegie Endowment for International Peace in Washington (2003-2005).

Branko Milanovic is best known for a breakthrough study of global income inequality from 1988 to 2008, approximately spanning the period from the fall of the Berlin Wall to the global financial crisis. His main area of work involves income inequality, in both individual countries and globally, including in pre-industrial societies. His research interests include global inequality, globalization, history of inequality and macroeconomy. Milanovic has published numerous articles on the empirics and methodology of global income distribution and the effects of globalization.

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Abstract: The talk, based on Milanovic's recent book '' (2019), will discuss and analyze systemic inequalities in liberal capitalist societies with the special emphasis on the phenomenon of homoploutia, that is, of high incomes from both labor and capital received by the same persons. Homoploutia is one of key defining characteristics of modern capitalism, distinguishing it from its classical version. It is a desirable development because it reduces class-based distinctions, but it also encourages the formation of an elite that is more stable (thanks to its diversification of assets, including skills) and able to transfer these advantages across generations.

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Discussant: Professor  (UH), World Politics

Moderator: Meri Kulmala, INEQ Director

Relations of Extraction, Relations of Redistribution: Empire, Nation, and the Construction of the British Welfare State

Online via Zoom, at 12:00-13:30 (UTC+2h, Finnish local time )

is a Professor of Postcolonial and Decolonial Studies in the Department of International Relations in the School of Global Studies, at the University of Sussex. While her research interests are primarily in the area of postcolonial and global historical sociology, she is also interested in the intersection of the social sciences more generally with recent work in postcolonial and decolonial studies. Her current projects are on epistemological justice and reparations and on the political economy of race and colonialism. She is a Fellow of the British Academy, elected 2020.

She is author of 'Connected Sociologies' (Bloomsbury, 2014) and the award-winning 'Rethinking Modernity: Postcolonialism and the Sociological Imagination' (Palgrave, 2007). She is a co-author of the forthcoming book, 'Colonialism and Modern Social Theory' (Polity, 2021). She set up the Global Social Theory website (globalsocialtheory.org) and is co-editor of the social research magazine, Discover Society (discoversociety.org).

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Abstract: The consolidation of the British welfare state in the mid-twentieth century did not only coincide with the systematic dismantling of the British empire but was significantly shaped by the empire that preceded it. The story that tends to be told about the welfare state, however, situates it firmly within the national context. Such understandings go on to shape contemporary political debates centered on questions of entitlement and concerns over legitimacy. In this presentation, I reassess the standard accounts of taxation and welfare that are claimed to be central to the construction of the nation to demonstrate how taking the empire into account offers the possibility of a different political response to the challenges we are faced with today.

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Discussant: Professor  (UH), World Politics

Moderator: Meri Kulmala, INEQ Director

Developing Age-friendly Communities with Older People as Co-researchers: An Inclusivity-Exclusivity Perspective

Online via Zoom, at 12.00–13.30 (Finnish local time, UTC+2h)

is a Senior Lecturer in Sociology at the University of Manchester, where she directs the . Her research career has been distinguished by a commitment to working with community partnerships to study and address equity and social justice issues. Building on a background of innovative participatory and co-production methodologies with older people, she has been particularly interested in studying questions relating to neighbourhood and community life in later life, social inequality and exclusion, urban deprivation and developing ‘age-friendly’ environments.

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Abstract: This presentation provides a critical review of some of the key questions and underlying assumptions that surround the participation of older people in research. This theme is addressed through a study which involved older people as co-researchers in developing age-friendly communities in Manchester, UK. Through the application of a participatory methodology, older people were involved not only as the research target group, but also as experts and actors in the various stages of the research, including the planning, design and realization of the project. This presentation reflects on both opportunities and challenges associated with the involvement of older people as co-researchers, and discusses the potential of the research approach for developing community networks and empowerment on the one hand, and the risks for increasing exclusion and creating new forms of disempowerment on the other. The discussion considers the implications of the findings for developing age-friendly communities in complex urban environments.

Discussant: , PhD, Researcher at Ikäinstituutti (Age Institute)

Moderator: Meri Kulmala, INEQ Research Coordinator

Family Di­versity in the Dual-earner Model

Online via Zoom, at 10–11.00 (Finnish local time, UTC+2h)

As­so­ci­ate Pro­fessor (SOFI, Stock­holm University) will address vertical and horizontal aspects of economic inequality from the comparative perspective of the income distribution of various household types within the context of dual-earner family model. The guest talk is part of INEQ’s “Inequality Talks”, a new series of online lectures addressing a wide range of issues related to inequality.

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Abstract: Ongoing debates about high and rising inequality largely ignore aspects of gender and family diversity. The rise of women’s earnings, in part supported by the dual-earner / dual caregiver model, is known to have reduce income inequality between households – at least when it comes to couples. In this presentation, Rense Nieuwenhuis will provide a brief introduction to his project on integrating vertical and horizontal aspects of economic inequality. He will then examine what the impact of the rise of the dual-earner family model has been on the position in the income distribution of various household types – including relative income position of single adults, single parents and ‘breadwinner couples’.

Using pooled cross-sectional data from the LIS Database, that allows following a large number of OECD countries over a long period of time, this study tests two contrasting hypotheses. The competition hypothesis reads that the rise of dual-earner households poses an insurmountable competition for a position in the income distribution to single earners (single adults, single parents and single-earner couples), thus increasing the sorting of household types across the income distribution. The spillover hypothesis is based on the notion that the rise of the dual-earner model represents an adaptation of society to the changing economic roles of women. The rise of the dual-earner/dual caregiver model of family policy (e.g. work-family reconciliation policies), decreasing the size of the gender pay gap, and longer work histories before becoming single (parent) contribute to the economic position of singles – and in particular single mothers. Understood this way, the rise of the dual-earner model, may be expected to have strengthened the economic position of those who need it the most – households with only a single earner – thus integrating various household types across the income distribution.

Nieuwenhuis is an associate professor in sociology at the Swedish Institute for Social Research (SOFI) at Stockholm University, and examines how family diversity and social policy affect poverty and economic inequality. Typically, his research is country-comparative and has a gender perspective. His recent focus was on single-parent families, how women’s earnings affect inequality between households, and family policy outcomes. He has published in journals such as Journal of Marriage and Family, European Sociological Review, Acta Sociologica, and Review of Income and Wealth. Recently, he co-edited the book ‘The triple bind of single-parent families’ and he is currently co-editing the ‘Palgrave Handbook of Family Policy’. Occasionally, he acts as independent expert doing commissioned work on gender equality for organisations such as UN Women, the European Commission, and the European Institute for Gender Equality (EIGE).

Lie Machines: How to Save Democracy from Social Media

Online via Zoom, at 11–12 (Finnish local time, UTC+2h)

is a Professor of Internet Studies and the Director of . Professor Howard  will be discussing his new book  (2020). The guest talk is part of INEQ’s “Inequality Talks”, a new series of online lectures addressing a wide range of issues related to inequality.

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Abstract: Artificially intelligent fake accounts attack politicians and public figures on social media. Conspiracy theorists publish junk news sites to promote their outlandish beliefs. Campaigners create fake dating profiles to attract young voters. We live in a world of technologies that misdirect our attention, poison our political conversations, and jeopardize our democracies. Big data from the social media firms, combined with interviews with internet trolls, bot writers and political operatives, demonstrates how misinformation gets produced, distributed and marketed. Ultimately, understanding how all the components work together is vital to dismantling such “lie machines” and strengthening democracy.