NATO, military expenditure, welfare state, Russian economy, public debt
Social integration in Europe, EU social policy, social Europe, welfare state, values in social policy
Sustainable development, multi-crisis management, environmental policy, preparedness for environmental crises
Crisis tolerance, disinformation, conspiracy theories
EU policy
Children’s rights, status and wellbeing, children as citizens
Economic policy
Ethnic equality, internationalism, artificial intelligence, social media, identity
Foreign policy, human rights, rule of law, economic policy
Election campaigning, particularly the presidential campaigns of Pekka Haavisto, social media in elections, general themes, urban policy
Voting behaviour, voter turnout, electoral system, nomination of candidates, strategic voting, use of information in voting decisions, ideologies
Nomination of candidates, presidential institution and history of presidential elections, political issues, parties and ideologies
Social media, lobbying ahead of elections, role of social media platforms, digital activism
Voter turnout, demographic differences in participation
Social media from the perspective of visuality, politics of images, election campaigns on social media, images and gender
Political discourses and dynamics, populism
Political communications, election campaigning, social media
Utilising social media influencers in election campaigns
Voting behaviour, voter turnout, candidate competition, values, voters’ choice of candidate, Swedish-speaking voters
Election campaigns, political rhetoric, foreign policy, political issues
Nomination of candidates, election campaigns, political issues, voters’ criteria for candidate selection, democratic harassment, voter turnout
The history of presidential spouses (role and significance) and the presidential institution
Historical powers of the president, particularly under non-military exceptional circumstances (emergency laws, authority to issue decrees)
Constitution of Finland, presidential powers, international human rights and EU law