Peer-reviewed papers

Peer-reviewed papers
2020 - today

Wei Duan, Yicheng Jiang, Nicholas J. Hogarth, Lan Gao, Bo Ouyang, 2025. The legacy of fortress approaches to conservation: Impact of early-life experiences on contemporary natural resource use in Giant Panda Nature reserves, China. Forest Policy and Economics (177) 103499.

Nareerat Sangkachai, Anuwat Wiratsudakul, Delia G. Randolph, Maxine Whittaker, Acty George, Martin R. Nielsen, Nicholas Hogarth, Dirk U. Pfeiffer, Carsten Smith-Hall, P.O. Nameer, Latiffah Hassan, Gautam Talukdar, Tien Ming Lee, Vinod B. Mathur, Innocent B. Rwego, James Compton, Manon Mispiratceguy, Jianbin Shi, Amanda E. Fine, Illias Animon, Kristina Rodina de Carvalho, Andrew Taber, Scott Newman, Metawee Thongdee, Ladawan Sariya, Siriporn Tangsudjai, Waruja Korkijthamkul, Walasinee Sakcamduang, Sarin Suwanpakdee. 2025. Advancing green recovery: Integrating one health in sustainable wildlife management in the Asia-Pacific Indigenous People and Local Communities. One Health (20) 100969.

Douangphachachanh, S. , Phompila, C. , Chakma, D. , Chanthavong, I. , Douangphachanh, M. , Doydee, P. , Zhao, P. and Yu, Y. 2024. Exploring the Forest Cover Changes and Influential Factors of Dongsithouane National Production Forest Area, Savannakhet Province, Lao PDR. Journal of Data Analysis and Information Processing (12) 432-461.

Karuna Budhathoki, Johanness Jamaludin, Dietrich Schmidt-Vogt and Edward L Webb. 2024. Land covers associated with forest expansion hot spots in the Nepal Himalaya. Environmental Research Letters (19) 124021.

FAO. 2024. Information brief: The wildlife–livelihoods–health nexus: challenges and priorities in Asia and the Pacific. Bangkok. .

Van Duong, D., Kanninen, M. 2024. Variation of stress wave velocity, wood density and static bending strength of 22-year-old planted Tectona grandis trees in Northwest Vietnam. Journal of Tropical Forest Science 36(4), 416-423.

Sean E. H. Pang, J. W. Ferry Slik, Ryan A. Chisholm & Edward L. Webb. 2024. Conserving Southeast Asian trees requires mitigating both climate and land-use change. Nature Sustainability.

Edward L Webb & Johanness Jamaludin. 2024. Fire is associated with forest degradation and economic land concessions, but not land conversion in the rapidly transforming Cambodian landscape. Environ. Res. Lett. 19 094005.

Thomas Ibanez, David Bauman, Shin-ichiro Aiba, Thomas Arsouze, Peter J. Bellingham, Chris Birkinshaw, Philippe Birnbaum, Timothy J. Curran, Saara J. DeWalt, John Dwyer, Thierry Fourcaud, Janet Franklin, Takashi S. Kohyama, Christophe Menkes, Dan J. Metcalfe, Helen Murphy, Robert Muscarella, Gregory M. Plunkett, Chanel Sam, Edmund Tanner, Benton N. Taylor, Jill Thompson, Tamara Ticktin, Marika V. Tuiwawa, Maria Uriarte, Edward L. Webb, Jess K. Zimmerman, Gunnar Keppel. Damage to tropical forests caused by cyclones is driven by wind speed but mediated by topographical exposure and tree characteristics. Global Change Biology.

Edward L. Webb, Avele Iofi Lalogafu’afu’a, Opeta Mekuli, Eti Olo, Jacob Phelps, Lalakai Taisegi, Nerisa Taua, Ailao Tualaulelei, Jeff Vaito’a, Johanness Jamaludin, Adam C. Miles. 2024. Last stand: Application of a criteria-based framework to inform conservation of a critically threatened tropical lowland forest fragment. Global Ecology and Conservation, Volume 51, e02871.

Yirdaw, E., Kanninen, M., Monge, A. 2023. Synergies and trade-offs between biodiversity and carbon in ecological compensation. Sustainability 15, 11930. .

Pang S. E. H., Slik J. W. F., Zurell D., Webb E. L. 2023.  The clustering of spatially associated species unravels patterns in tropical tree species distributions. Ecosphere 14.

Camargo, M.C., Sarsfield, R., Kanninen, M., Cashore, T. 2023. The role of private philanthropy in sustainability standards. Sustainability 15, 10635.

Jayathilake, H. M., Jamaludin J., De Alban J. Don T., Webb E. L., Carrasco L. R. 2023. The conversion of rubber to oil palm and other landcover types in Southeast Asia. Applied Geography, Vol. 150, 102838.

Duan W., Hogarth N.J., Jiang Y. and Chen Q. 2022. How do Forest Owners’ Risk Preferences Affect Harvesting Decisions? A Case-study in Fujian Province, China. Journal of Forest Economics: Vol. 37: No. 3, pp 259-293. .

Jamaludin J., De Alban S.D.T., Carrasco L.R., Webb E.L. 2022. Spatiotemporal analysis of deforestation patterns and drivers reveals emergent threats to tropical forest landscapes. Environmental Research Letters. .

Pang S.E.H., Zeng Y., De Alban S.D.T., Webb E.L. 2022. Occurrence–habitat mismatching and niche truncation when modelling distributions affected by anthropogenic range contractions. Diversity and Distributions. .

Prescott, G.W., Baird, M., Geenen, S., Nkuba, B., Phelps, J., Webb E.L. 2022. Formalizing artisanal and small-scale gold mining: A grand challenge of the Minamata Convention. One Earth.

Duan, W., Hogarth, N.J., Shen, J., Zhang, Y., Chen, Q. 2021. Household risk preferences and forestland use right transactions in China: tenure security or price illusion? Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research. .

Duan, W., Hogarth, N.J., Shen, J., Zhang, Y., Chen, Q. 2021. Effects of Rural-Urban Labour Migration on Household Forest Management in the Context of Rural Reform and Development in China. Small-scale Forestry .

Korkeakoski, M., Mentula, M., Vähäkari, N., Luukkanen, J., Kaivo-oja, J., Alexeeva, A., Chea, E., Va, D., Kallio, M., Hogarth, N. 2021. Situation analysis of energy use and consumption in Cambodia: household access to energy. Environment, Development and Sustainability.

Arvola, A.M., Ha, H.T., Kanninen, M., Malkamäki, A., Simola, N. 2021. Financial Attractiveness of Wood Production in Smallholder Plantations of Central Vietnam in the Context of Developing Carbon Markets. Journal of Tropical Forest Science 33, 137-148.

Shen J., Hogarth N.J., Hou Y., and Duan W. 2021. Impact of Nature Reserves on Human Wellbeing – Evidence from Giant Panda Reserves in China. Journal of Forest Economics: Vol. 36: No. 1-2, pp 79-101.

Zhang, Y., Hogarth, N.J., and Duan, W. 2021. Impact of gender and risk preference on forest management decisions of rural households in China: Evidence from giant panda nature reserves. Journal of Forest Economics. Vol. 36: No. 1-2, pp 141-160.

Duan W., Hogarth N., Shen J. 2021. Impacts of Protected Areas on Income Inequality: Evidence from the Giant Panda Biosphere Reserves in Sichuan Province, China. Journal of Forest Economics: Vol. 36: No. 1-2, pp 27-51.

Duan, W., Shen, J., Hogarth, N.J., and Chen, Q. 2021. Risk pref­er­en­ces sig­ni­fic­antly af­fect house­hold in­vest­ment in tim­ber forestry: Em­pir­ical evid­ence from Fujian, China. Forest Policy and Economics, volume 125, 10242.

Vuola, M., Korkeakoski, M., Vähäkari, N., Dwyer, M., Hogarth, N.J., Kaivo-oja, J., Luukkanen, J., Chea, E., Thuon, T., and Phonhalath, K. 2020. What is a Green Economy? Review of National-Level Green Economy Policies in Cambodia and Lao PDR. Sustainability.

Rimhanen, K., Määttänen, S., Yirdaw, E. 2020. Puustoisen maatalouden termistöä suomen ja ruotsin kielellä. Metsätieteen aikakauskirja 2020.

Myers, R., Rutt, R.L., McDermott, C., Maryudi, A., Acheampong, E., Camargo, M., Cầm, H. 2020. Imposing legality: hegemony and resistance under the EU Forest Law Enforcement, Governance, and Trade (FLEGT) initiative. Journal of Political Ecology 27, 125-149.

Toure, I., Larjavaara, M., Savadogo, P., Bayala, J., Yirdaw, E. & Diakite, A. 2020. Land degradation along a climatic gradient in Mali: Farmers' perceptions of causes and impacts. Land Degradation and Development 31(18): 2804-2818.

Shepherd, G., Warner, K., Hogarth, N. 2020. Forests and poverty: how has our understanding of the relationship been changed by experience? International Forestry Review 22, 29-43.

Arvola A., Brockhaus M., Kallio M., Thuy Pham T., Thi Linh Chi D., Tuan Long H., Adiwinata Nawir A., Phimmavong S., Mwamakimbullah R., Jacovelli P. 2020. What drives smallholder tree growing? Enabling conditions in a changing policy environment. Forest Policy and Economics. Vol. 116 (2020).

2015 - 2019

Gora, E.M., Kneale, R.C., Larjavaara, M., Muller-Landau, H.C. 2019. Dead Wood Necromass in a Moist Tropical Forest: Stocks, Fluxes, and Spatiotemporal Variability. Ecosystems 22, 1189-1205.

Deng, B., Bada, B., Tammeorg, P., Helenius, J., Luukkanen, O., Starr, M. 2019. Drought stress and Acacia seyal biochar effects on sorghum gas exchange and yield: A greenhouse experiment. Agriculture and Natural Resources 53, 573–580.

Fobissie, K., Chia, E.L., Enongene, K., Oeba, V.O. 2019. Agriculture, forestry and other land uses in Nationally Determined Contributions: the outlook for Africa. International Forestry Review 21, 1-11.

Chia, E.L., Enongene, K., Fobissie, K., Larwanou, M. 2019. Food-fuel-fibre nexus: towards the framing of sustainable biofuel strategies for climate change mitigation in the Congo Basin International Forestry Review 21, 67-74.

Cole, R., Brockhaus, M., Wong, G.Y., Kallio, M.H., Moeliono, M. 2019. Local Agency in Development, Market, and Forest Conservation Interventions in Lao PDR’s Northern Uplands. Southeast Asian Studies 8, 173-202.

Hassan, B.A., Glover, E.K., Luukkanen, O., Kanninen, M., Jamnadass, R. 2019. Boswellia and Commiphora Species as a Resource Base for Rural Livelihood Security in the Horn of Africa: A Systematic Reviev. Forests 10.

Larjavaara, M., Davenport, T.R.B., Gangga, A., Holm, S., Kanninen, M., Nguyen, D.T. 2019. Payments for adding ecosystem carbon are mostly beneficial to biodiversity. Enviromental Research Letters.

Cordova, R., Hogarth N., Kanninen, M. 2019. Mountain Farming Systems’ Exposure and Sensitivity to Climate Change and Variability: Agroforestry and Conventional Agriculture Systems Compared in Ecuador’s Indigenous Territory of Kayambi People. Sustainability 11(9), 2623.

Maharani, C.D., Moeliono, M., Wong, G.Y., Brockhaus, M., Carmenta, R., Kallio, M. 2019. Development and equity: A gendered inquiry in a swidden landscape. Forest Policy and Economics 101:120-128.

Yirdaw, E., Monge Monge, A., Austin, D., Toure, I. 2019. Recovery of floristic diversity, composition and structure of regrowth forests on fallow lands: implications for conservation and restoration of degraded forest lands in Laos. New Forests.

Seppälä, J., Kanninen, M. 2019. Metsien hakkuiden kasvattaminen ei ole ilmastoteko [Increasing logging in forests does not advance climate goals]. Talous & Yhteiskunta 2019/1, 20-27.

Camargo, M. C., Hogarth, N., Pacheco, P., Nhantumbo, I, Kanninen, M. 2019. Greening the Dark Side of Chocolate: A Qualitative Assessment to Inform Sustainable Supply Chains. Environmental Conservation 46(1):9-16.

Kallio, M.H., Hogarth, N.J., Moeliono, M., Brockhaus, M., Cole, R., Waty Bong, I., Wong, G.Y. 2019. The colour of maize: Visions of green growth and farmers perceptions in northern Laos. Land Use Policy 80, 185-194.

Arvola, A., Anttila, J.-P., Hogarth, N. 2019. By accident or by design? Influence of government policies on drivers and barriers of smallholder teak growing in Lao PDR. Forests, Trees and Livelihoods 28, 34-51. 

Luukkanen, J., Kaivo-oja,  J., Vähäkari, N., O’Mahony, T., Korkeakoski, M., Panula-Ontto, J., Phonhalath, K., Nanthavong, K., Reincke, K., Vehmas,  J. & Hogarth, N. 2019. Green economic development in Lao PDR: A sustainability window analysis of Green Growth Productivity and the Efficiency Gap. Journal of Cleaner Production, 211: 818-829.

Malkamäki, A., D’Amato, D., Hogarth, N.J., Kanninen, M., Pirard, R., Toppinen, A., Zhou, W. 2018. A systematic review of the socio-economic impacts of large-scale tree plantations, worldwide, Global Environmental Change, Volume 53: 90-103.

Etongo, D., Kanninen, M., Epule, T.E., Fobissie, K. 2018. Assessing the effectiveness of joint forest management in Southern Burkina Faso: A SWOT-AHP analysis. Forest Policy and Economics 90, 31-38.

Salih, E., Sipi, M., Lehtonen, M., Vuorela, H., Fyhrquist, P., Julkunen-Tiitto, R., Lampi, A.-M., Kanninen, M., Luukkanen, O. 2018. Terminalia laxiflora and Terminalia brownii contain a broad spectrum of antimycobacterial compounds including ellagitannins, ellagic acid derivatives, triterpenes, fatty acids and fatty alcohols. Journal of Ethnopharmacology.

Etongo, D., Epule, T.E., Djenontin, I.N.S., Kanninen, M. 2018. Land management in rural Burkina Faso: the role of socio-cultural and institutional factors. Natural Resources Forum 42, 201-213.

Abaker, W.E., Berninger, F., Saiz, G., Pumpanen, J., Starr, M. 2018. Linkages between soil carbon, soil fertility and nitrogen fixation in Acacia senegal plantations of varying age in Sudan. PeerJ 6.

Abaker, W.E., Berninger, F., Starr, M. 2018. Changes in soil hydraulic properties, soil moisture and water balance in Acacia senegal plantations of varying age in Sudan. Journal of Arid Environments 150, 42-53.

Córdova R., Hogarth, N.J., Kanninen M. 2018, Sustainability of Smallholder Livelihoods in the Ecuadorian Highlands: A Comparison of Agroforestry and Conventional Agriculture Systems in the Indigenous Territory of Kayambi People. Land 2018, 7 (2), 45.

Larjavaara, M., Kanninen, M., Ruesta, H.G., Koskinen, J., Kukkonen, M., Käyhkö, N., Larson, A.M., Wunder, S. 2018. Global variation in the cost of increasing ecosystem carbon. Nature Climate Change.

Räsänen, A., Nygren, A., Monge Monge, A., Käkönen, M., Kanninen, M., Juhola, S. 2018. From divide to nexus: Interconnected land use and water governance changes shaping risks related to water. Applied Geography 90, 106-114.

Zhang, K., Artati, Y., Putzel, L., Xie, C., Hogarth, N.J., Wang, J.N., & Wang, J. 2017. China’s Conversion of Cropland to Forest Program as a national PES scheme: Institutional structure, voluntarism and conditionality of PES. International Forestry Review Vol.19(S4): 24-36.

Salih, E.Y.A., Fyhrquist, P., Abdalla, A.M.A., Abdelgadir, A.Y., Kanninen, M., Sipi, M., Luukkanen, O., Fahmi, M.K.M., Elamin, M.H., Ali, H.A. 2017. LC-MS/MS Tandem Mass Spectrometry for Analysis of 3 Phenolic Compounds and Pentacyclic Triterpenes in 4 Antifungal Extracts of Terminalia brownii (Fresen). Antibiotics.

Tanyi, T.F., Etongo, D., Abdoulaye, R. 2017. Assessing the sustainability of fuelwood production and its potential impact on REDD+ in Burkina Faso. International Journal of Environmental Studies.

Etongo, D., Djenontin, I.N.S., Kanninen, M., Glover, E.K. 2017. Assessing use-values and relative importance of trees for livelihood values and their potentials for environmental protection in Southern Burkina Faso. Environment, Development and Sustainability 19, 1141-1166.

Yirdaw, E., Monge, A. 2017. Reconsidering what enclosure and exclosure mean in restoration ecology. Restoration Ecology.

D’Amato, D., Malkamäki, A., Hogarth, N.J., & Baral, H. 2017. A Descriptive Plantation Typology and Coding System to Aid the Analysis of Ecological and Socio-Economic Outcomes. Current Forestry Reports. Published online: 29 August 2017. doi:10.1007/s40725-017-0066-z.

Räsänen, A., Juhola, S., Monge Monge, A., Käkönen, M., Kanninen, M. & Nygren, A. 2017. Identifying mismatches between institutional perceptions of water-related risk drivers and water management strategies in three river basin areas. Journal of Hydrology 550: 704–715.

Cole, R., Wong, G., Brockhaus, M., Moeliono, M. & Kallio, M. 2017. Objectives, ownership and engagement in Lao PDR’s REDD+ policy landscape. Geoforum 83: 91–100.

Salih, E.Y.A., Kanninen, M., Sipi, M., Luukkanen, O., Hiltunen, R., Vuorela, H., Julkunen-Tiitto, R., Fyhrqvist, P. 2017. Tannins, flavonoids and stilbenes in extracts of African savanna woodland trees Terminalia brownii, Terminalia laxiflora and Anogeissus leiocarpus showing promising antibacterial potential. South African Journal of Botany 108, 370-386.

Yirdaw, E., Kanninen, M., Elfadl, M., Tsegai, D. 2017. Special issue: Drought and Dryland Management – a commentary. Silva Fennica 51 (1B) (6985).

Malkamäki, A.; D'Amato, D.; Hogarth, N.J.; Kanninen, M.; Pirard, R.; Toppinen, A.; Zhou, W. 2017. The socioeconomic impacts of large-scale tree plantations on local communities: A systematic review protocol. CIFOR Working Paper no. 222.

Yirdaw, E., Tigabu, M., Monge, A. 2017. Rehabilitation of degraded dryland ecosystems – review. Silva Fennica 51 (1B) (1673).

Fahmi, M.K.M., Sanjak, E.M., Kanninen, M., Luukkanen, O. 2017. Impacts of meteorological drivers and agricultural practices on sorghum, millet and sesame yields in semi-arid lands in Sudan. Journal of Natural Resources and Environmental Studies 5, 1-11.

Ravikumar, A., Larjavaara, M., Larson, A., Kanninen, M. 2017. Participatory land use scenarios: where can carbon drive conservation? Environmental Research Letters. 12(1).

Larjavaara, M., Kanninen, M., Alam, S.A., Mäkinen, A., Poeplau, C. 2017. CarboScen: A tool to estimate carbon implications of land-use scenarios. Ecography 40: 001–007.

Tegegne, Y.T., Ramcilovic-Suominen, S., Fobissie, K., Visseren-Hamakers, I.J., Lindner, M., Kanninen, M. 2017. Synergies in social safeguards in FLEGT and REDD+ in Cameroon. Forest Policy and Economics 75: 1-11.

Enongene, K.E., Fobissie, K. 2017. The potential of REDD+ in supporting the transition to a Green Economy in the Congo Basin. International Forestry Review 18, 29-43.

Moeliono, M., Thu Thuy Pham, Ngoc Dung Le, Brockhaus, M., Wong, G., Kallio, M.H. and Dinh Tien Nguyen. 2016. Local Governance, Social Networks and REDD plus: Lessons from Swidden Communities in Vietnam. Human Ecology (New York). 44(4): 435-448.

Fahmi, M.K.M., Dafa-Alla, DA. Kanninen, M., Luukkanen, O. 2016. Impact of agroforestry parklands on crop yield and income generation: case study of rainfed farming in the semi-arid zone of Sudan. Agroforestry Systems.

Bakkegaard, R.K., Hogarth, N.J., Bong, I.W., Bosselmann, A.S., and Wunder, S. 2016. Measuring forest and wild product contributions to household welfare: Testing a scalable household survey instrument in Indonesia. Forest Policy and Economics.

Salih, E.Y.A., Kanninen, M., Sipi, M., Luukkanen, O., Hiltunen, R., Vuorela, H., Julkunen-Tiitto, R., Fyhrquist, P. 2016. Tannins, flavonoids and stilbenes in extracts of African savanna woodland trees Terminalia brownii, Terminalia laxiflora and Anogeissus leiocarpus showing promising antibacterial potential. South African Journal of Botany.

Gutiérrez Rodríguez, L., Hogarth, N.J., Zhou, W., Xie, C., Zhang, K., Putzel, L. 2016. China’s conversion of cropland to forest program: a systematic review of the environmental and socioeconomic effects. Environmental Evidence 5, 1-22.

Kallio, M.H.; Moeliono, M.; Maharani, C.; Brockhaus, M.; Hogarth, N.J.; Daeli, W.; Tauhid, W.; Wong, G. 2016. Information exchange in swidden communities of West Kalimantan: lessons for designing REDD+. International Forestry Review, Volume 18, Number 2, pp. 203-217.

Malkamäki, A., Toppinen, A., Kanninen, M. 2016. Impacts of land use and land use changes on the resilience of beekeeping in Uruguay. Forest Policy and Economics 70, 113-123.

Räsänen, A., Juhola, S., Nygren, A., Kallio, M., Monge, A.M., Käkönen, M., Kanninen, M. 2016. Climate change, multiple stressors and human vulnerability – a systematic review. Regional Environmental Change.

Marques, M.J., Schwilch, G., Lauterburg, N., Crittenden, S., Tesfai, M., Stolte, J., Zdruli, P., Zucca, C., Petursdottir, T., Evelpidou, N., Karkani, A., AsliYilmazgil, Y., Panagopoulos, T., Yirdaw, E., Kanninen, M., Rubio, J.L., Schmiedel, U., Doko, A. 2016. Multifaceted Impacts of Sustainable Land Management in Drylands: A Review. Sustainability 8(2), 177.

Chia, E.L., Kalame, F., Kanninen, M. 2016. Exploring Opportunities for Promoting Synergies between Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation in Forest Carbon Initiatives. Forests 7, 1-16.

Etongo, D., Djenontin, I.N.S., Kanninen, M. 2016. Poverty and Environmental Degradation in Southern Burkina Faso: An Assessment Based on Participatory Methods. Land 5.

Abaker, W.E., Berninger, F., Saiz, G., Braojos, V., Starr, M. 2016. Contribution of Acacia senegal to biomass and soil carbon in plantations of varying age in Sudan. Forest Ecology and Management 368, 71-80.

Tegegne, Y.T., Lindner, M., Fobissie, K., Kanninen, M. 2016. Evolution of drivers of deforestation and forest degradation in the Congo Basin forests: exploring possible policy options to address forest loss. Land Use Policy 51, 312–324.

Etongo, D., Djenontin, N., Kanninen, M., Djoudi, H., Korhonen-Kurki, K., Kalame, F., 2015. Land tenure, asset heterogeneity and deforestation in Southern Burkina Faso Forest Policy and Economics 61:51-58.

Etongo, D., Djenontin, I.N.S., Kanninen, M., Kalame, F., 2015. Smallholders’ Tree Planting Activity in the Ziro Province, Southern Burkina Faso: Impacts on Livelihood and Policy Implications. Forests 6, 2655-2677.

Rantala, S., Kontinen, T., Korhonen-Kurki, K., Mustalahti, I. 2015. Equity in REDD+: Varying logics in Tanzania. Environmental Policy and Governance 25, 201-212.

Walter, K.J., 2015. Worship of sacred trees among the Tamil people of South India. Suomen Antropologi: Journal of the Finnish Anthropological Society 40(1), 47-65.

Negash, M., Starr, M., 2015. Biomass and soil carbon stocks of indigenous agroforestry systems on the south-eastern Rift Valley escarpment, Ethiopia. Plant and Soil, 1-13.

Negash, M., Kanninen, M., 2015. Modeling biomass and soil carbon sequestration of indigenous agroforestry systems using CO2FIX approach. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 203, 147-155.

2010 - 2014

Fobissie, K., Alemagi, D., Minang, P. 2014. REDD+ Policy Approaches in the Congo Basin: A Comparative Analysis of Cameroon and the Democratic Republic Congo (DRC). Forests 5, 2400-2424.

Gideon Neba, S., Kanninen, M., Eba’a Atyi, R., Sonwa, D.J., 2014. Assessment and prediction of above-ground biomass in selectively logged forest concessions using field measurements and remote sensing data: Case study in South East Cameroon. Forest Ecology and Management 329, 177-185.

Hassan, B.A., Glover, E.K., Luukkanen, O., Jamnadass, R., Chikamai, B. 2014. An Assessment of the Socio-Economic and Ecological Impacts of Environmental Changes on Rural Livelihood: A Study Across Addado, Buhodle and Northern Galkaayo of Central and Northern Somalia. Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries 3.

Walter, K. and Armstrong, K. 2014. Benefits, threats and potential of Prosopis in South India. Forests, Trees and Livelihoods.

Fahmi, M., Mohamed, E., Kanninen, M., Luukkanen, O., Kalame, F., Eltayeb, A., 2014. Determinants and constraints of integrating natural acacias into mechanised rain-fed agricultural schemes Sennar State, Sudan. GeoJournal, 1-13.

Rantala, S., Vihemäki, H., Swallow, B., Jambiya, G. 2013. Who Gains and Who Loses from Compensated Displacement from Protected Areas? The Case of the Derema Corridor, Tanzania. Conservation and Society 11, 97-111.

Abdi, O. A., Glover, E. K. & Luukkanen, O. 2013. Causes and Impacts of Land Degradation and Desertification: Case Study of the Sudan. International Journal of Agriculture and Forestry 3(2): 40-51.

Kebede, M., Kanninen, M., Yirdaw, E., Lemenih., M., 2013. Vegetation structural characteristics and influence of topographic factors in the remnant moist Afromontane forest of Wondo Genet, south central Ethiopia Journal of Forestry Research 24, 419−430.

Negash, M., Starr, M., Kanninen, M., 2013. Allometric equations for biomass estimation of Ensete ventricosum grown in indigenous agroforestry systems in the Rift Valley escarpment of southern-eastern Ethiopia. Agroforestry Systems 87, 571-581.

Negash, M., Starr, M., Kanninen, M., Berhe, L., 2013. Allometric equations for estimating aboveground biomass of Coffea arabica L. grown in the Rift Valley escarpment of Ethiopia. Agroforestry Systems 87, 953–966.

Kallio, M.H., Kanninen, M., Krisnawati, H., 2012. Smallholder teak plantations in two villages in Central Java: Silvicultural activity and stand performance. Forests, Trees and Livelihoods 21, 158-175.

Kebede, M., Kanninen, M., Yirdaw, E., Lemenih, M., 2012. Soil Seed Bank and Seedlings Bank Composition and Diversity of Wondo Genet Moist Afromontane Forest South Central Ethiopia. International Journal of Botany 8, 170-180.

Rantala, S., Bullock, R., Mbegu, M. A. and German, L. A. 2012. Community-Based Forest Management: What Scope for Conservation and Livelihood Co-Benefits? Experience from the East Usambara Mountains, Tanzania. Journal of Sustainable Forestry 31 (8).

Alam, S. A., Starr, M. & Clark, B. 2012. Tree biomass and soil organic carbon densities across the Sudanese woodland savannah: A regional carbon sequestration study. Journal of Arid Environments. 89, p. 67-76.

Rantala, Salla. 2012. Knowledge and brokerage in REDD+ policy making: A Policy Networks Analysis of the case of Tanzania. Sustainability Science Program Working Paper No. 2012-03. Sustainability Science Program, Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA, and Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR), Bogor, Indonesia.

Alam, S. A. and Starr, M. 2012. Impacts of climate change on savannah woodland biomass carbon density and water-use: a modelling study of the Sudanese gum belt region. Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change. Published online.

Negash, M., Yirdaw, E., Luukkanen, O. 2012. Potential of indigenous multistrata agroforests for maintaining native floristic diversity in the south-eastern Rift Valley escarpment, Ethiopia. Agroforestry systems 85: 9-28.

Kähkölä, A.-K., Nygren, P., Leblanc, H.A., Pennanen, T., Pietikäinen, J. 2012. Leaf and root litter of a legume tree as nitrogen sources for cacaos with different root colonisation by arbuscular mycorrhizae. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems 92: 51-65

Donato, D.C., Kauffman, J.B., Murdiyarso, D., Kurnianto, S., Stidham, M., Kanninen, M., 2011. Mangroves among the most carbon-rich forests in the tropics. Nature Geoscience 4, 293-297.

Hassan, B.A., Glover, E.K., Luukkanen, O., Chikamai, B., Jamnadass, R., Iiyama, M., Kanninen, M., 2011. The Role of Boswellia and Commiphora Species in Rural Livelihood Security and Climate Change Adaptation in the Horn of Africa: Case Study of North-Eastern Kenya. International Journal of Social Forestry 4, 86-112.

Kalame, F.B., Luukkanen, O, and Kanninen, M. 2011. Making the national adaptation programme of action (NAPA) more responsive to the livelihood needs of tree planting farmers, drawing on previous experience in dryland Sudan. Forests 2(4):948-960.

Kalame, F.B., Aidoo, R, Nkem, J., Ajayie, O., Kanninen, M., Luukkanen, O. and Idinoba, M. 2011. Modified Taungya System in Ghana: A win-win practice for forestry and adaptation to climate change? Environmental Science & Policy 14(5):519-530.

Kalame, F.B., Kudejira, D. and Nkem, J. 2011. Assessing the process and options for implementing National Adaptation Programmes of Action (NAPA): a case study from Burkina Faso. Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change 16(5): 535-553.

Kallio, M.H., Kanninen, M., Rohadi, D., 2011. Farmers’ timber tree planting activity in Indonesia- case studies in the provinces of Java, Riau, and South Kalimantan. Forests, Trees and Livelihoods 20, 191-210.

Kallio, M.H., Krisnawati, H., Rohadi, D., Kanninen, M., 2011. Mahogany and Kadam Planting Farmers in South Kalimantan: The Link Between Silvicultural Activity and Stand Quality. Small-scale Forestry 10, 115–132.

Omoro, L. M.  A., Laiho, R., Starr, M. and Pellikka, P.K.E. 2011. Relationships between native tree species and soil properties in the indigenous forest fragments of the Eastern Arc Mountains of theTaita Hills, Kenya. For. Stud. China, 2011, 13(3): 198–210.

Sonwa, D.J., Walker, S., Nasi, R., Kanninen, M., 2011. Potential synergies of the main current forestry efforts and climate change mitigation in Central Africa. Sustainability Science 6, 59-67.

Appiah, M, Damnyag L, Blay, D. Pappinen, A. 2010. Forest and agroecosystem fire management in Ghana. Mitigation and Adaptation of Strategies for Global Change. 15 (6) 551-570.

Appiah, M. and Pappinen, A 2010. Farm forestry prospects among some local communities in Rachuonyo District, Kenya, Small-Scale Forestry.

Idinoba, M., Nkem J.N., Kalame, F.B., Tachie-Obeng, E., and Gyampoh, B. 2010. Dealing with limitation of forest ecosystem services through a vulnerability assessment and planned adaptation actions. African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology 4(7):419-429

Kalame, F.B. , Luukkanen, O. , Elsiddig, E. A. and Glover, E.K. 2010. Tree Knowledge and Livelihood Activities in a Changing Environment: Views From Smallholder Farmers in Kosti, Sudan. Journal of Sustainable Forestry, 29: 6, 591-612.

Laumonier, Y., Edin, A., Kanninen, M., Munandar, A. W. 2010. Landscape-scale variation in the structure and biomass of the hill dipterocarp forest of Sumatra: implications for carbon stock assessments. Forest Ecology and Management 259:505-513.

Nkem J.N., Kalame, F.B., Idinoba, M., Somorin O., Ndoye, O., Awono, A. 2010. Shaping forest safety nets with markets: Adaptation to climate change under changing roles of tropical forest in the Congo Basin. Environmental Science & Policy 13(6): 498-508

Omoro, L., Pellikka, P., & Rogers, P. 2010. Tree species diversity, richness, and similarity between exotic and indigenous forests in the cloud forests of Eastern Arc Mountains, Taita Hills, Kenya. Journal of Forestry Research, 21(3): 255-264.

Reyes, T., Luukkanen, O., Quiroz, R. 2010. Conservation and Cardamom Cultivation in Nature Reserve Buffer Zones in the East Usambara Mountains, Tanzania. Journal of Sustainable Forestry, 29:696-715.

Kurppa, M., Leblanc, H., Nygren, P. 2010. Detection of nitrogen transfer from N2-fixing shade trees to cacao saplings in 15N labelled soil: Ecological and experimental considerations. Agroforestry Systems 80, 223-239.

2005 – 2009

Alam, S. A. and Starr, M. 2009. Deforestation and greenhouse gas emissions associated with fuelwood consumption of the brick making industry in Sudan. Science of the Total Environment, 407:847-852.

Appiah M, Blay, D, Damnyag L, Dwomoh, F, Pappinen, A and Luukkanen, O. 2009. Dependence on forest resources and tropical deforestation in Ghana. Environment, Development and Sustainability, 11(3):471-487.

Gaveau, D., Wich, S., Epting, J., Juhn, D., Kanninen, M. & Leader-Williams, N. 2009. The future of forests and orangutans (Pongo abelii) in Sumatra: predicting impacts of oil palm plantations, road construction, and mechanisms for reducing carbon emissions from deforestation. Environmental Research Letters 4.

Gaveau, D. L.A. Epting, J., Lyne, O., Linkie, M., Kanninen, M. & Leader-Williams, N. 2009.Evaluating whether protected areas reduce tropical deforestation in Sumatra. Journal of Biogeography 36:2165-2175.

Guariguata, M. R., Nasi, R. & Kanninen, M. 2009. Forest degradation: it is not a matter of new definitions. Conservation Letters 2:286-287.

Idinoba, M., Kalame, F.B., Nkem, J., Blay, D. and Coulibaly, Y. 2009. Climate change and non-wood forest products: vulnerability and adaptation in West Africa. Unasylva 231/232 60: 75

Kalame, F.B., Nkem, J., Idinoba, M. and Kanninen, M. 2009. Matching national forest policies and management practices for climate change adaptation in Burkina Faso and Ghana. Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change 14:135–151.

Blay, D., Appiah, M, Damnyag L, Dwomoh, F, Luukkanen, O, and Pappinen A. 2008. Involving local farmers in rehabilitation of degraded tropical forests: some lessons from Ghana, Environment, Development and Sustainability. 10(4):503-518.

Reyes, T., Quiroz, R. Luukkanen, O., de Mendiburu, F. 2008. Spice crops agroforestry systems in the East Usambara Mountains, Tanzania: Growth analysis. Agroforestry Systems DOI: 10.1007/s1045700992105.

Zhou, P., Luukkanen, O., Tokola, T. & Nieminen, J. 2008. Vegetation dynamics and forest landscape restoration in the Upper Min River watershed, Sichuan, China. Vegetation Restoration Ecology 16 (2): 348-358.

Raddad, E.Y. 2007. Ecophysiological and genetic variation in seedling traits and in first-year field performance of eight Acacia senegal provenances in the Blue Nile, Sudan. New Forests 34: 207-222.

Li C., Zhang, X., Liu, X., Luukkanen, O. and Berninger, F. 2006. Leaf morphological and physiological responses of Quercus aquifolioides along an altitudinal gradient. Silva Fennica 40:513.

Zhou, P., Nieminen, J., Tokola, T., Luukkanen, O. & Oliver, T. 2006. Large scale soil erosion modeling for a mountainous watershed. Geo-Environment & Landscape Evolution II, Martin-Duque, J.F et al., eds. pp: 55-67.

Reyes, Teija; Luukkanen, Olavi; Quiroz, Roberto. Small cardamom – precious for people, harmful for mountain forests: Possibilities for sustainable cultivation in the East Usambaras , Tanzania . Mountain Research and Development Vol. 26 (2): 131-137.

Raddad, E.Y., Luukkanen, O., Salih, A.A., Kaarakka, V. and Elfadl, M.A. 2006. Productivity and nutrient cycling in young Acacia senegal farming systems on Vertisol in the Blue Nile region, Sudan . Agroforestry Systems.DOI: 10.1007/s10457-006-9009-6

Raddad, E.Y. and Luukkanen, O. 2006. The influence of different Acacia senegal agroforestry systems on soil water and crop yields in clay soils of the Blue Nile region, Sudan . Agricultural Water Management. Doi:10.1016/j.agwat.2006.06.001

Raddad, E.Y. and Luukkanen, O. 2006. Adaptive genetic variation in water use efficiency and gum yield in Acacia senegal provenances grown on clay soil in the Blue Nile region, Sudan . Forest Ecology and Management 226: 219-229. doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2006.01.036

Gaafar, A.M., Salih, A.A., Luukkanen, O., Elfadl, M.A., & Kaarakka, V. 2006. Improving the traditional Acacia senegal-crop system in Sudan : the effect of tree density on water use, gum production and crop yields. Agroforestry Systems 66: 1-11.

Elfadl, M.A. & Luukkanen, O. 2006. Ecological strategies of Prosopis juliflora in the arid environment of the Sudan : 1. Leaf gas exchange approach. Journal of Arid Environemnt 66: 1-15.

Reyes, Teija; Quiroz, Roberto; Msikula, Shija. 2005. Socio-economic comparison between traditional and improved cultivation methods in the East Usambara Mountains, Tanzania. Environmental Management 36: 682–690.

Raddad, E.Y., Salih, A.A., Elfadl, M.A., Kaarakka, V. and Luukkanen O. 2005. Symbiotic nitrogen fixation in eight Acacia senegal provenances in dryland clays of the Blue Nile Sudan estimated by the 15N natural abundance method. Plant and Soil 275: 261-269. DOI: 10.1007/s11104-005-2152-4

Ballal, M.E., Elsiddig, E. A., Elfadl, M.A. & Luukkanen, O. 2005. Relationship between environmental factors, tapping dates, tapping intemsity and gum arabic yield of an Acacia senegal plantation in western Sudan. Journal of Arid Environment 63: 379-389.

Ballal, M., Siddig, E., Elfadl, M., Luukkanen, O. 2005. Gum Arabic yield in differently managed Acacia senegal stands in western Sudan. Agroforestry Systems 63, 237-245.

2000 – 2004

Ballal, M.E., Elsiddig, E.A., Elfadl, M.A. & Luukkanen, O. 2004. Gum arabic yield trends in differently managed Acacia senegal stands in western Sudan . Agroforestry Systems 63: 237-245.

Sawsan, A.A., Elhouri, A.A. & Elfadl, M.A. 2004. Some Physicochemical characteristics of gum from eight provenances of Acacia senegal in the Sudan . Sudan Silva . Vol. IIX (1).

Yirdaw, E. & Luukkanen, O. 2004. Photosynthetically active radiation transmittance of forest plantation canopies in the Ethiopian highlands. Forest Ecology and Management 188: 17-24.

Tyynelä T, Otsamo R, Otsamo A. 2003. Indigenous livelihood systems in industrial tree-plantation areas in West Kalimantan, Indonesia: Economics and plant-species richness. Agroforestry Systems 57(2): 87–100.

Yirdaw, E. & Luukkanen, O. 2003. Indigenous woody species diversity in Eucalyptus globulus Labill. ssp. globulus plantations in the Ethiopian highlands. Biodiversity and Conservation 12: 567-582.

Elfadl, M.A. and Luukkanen, O. 2003. Effect of pruning on Prosopis juliflora: considerations for tropical dryland agroforestry. Journal of Arid Environments 53: 441- 455.

Tyynelä T, Otsamo A, Otsamo R. 2002. Changes and alternatives in farmers’ livelihood planning in an industrial forest plantation area in West Kalimantan, Indonesia. Forests, Trees and Livelihoods 12: 257–281.

Yirdaw, E. 2002. Diversity of naturally-regenerated native woody species in forest plantations in the Ethiopian highlands. New Forests 22: 159-177.

Yirdaw, E. & Leinonen, K. 2002. Seed germination responses of four afromontane tree species to red/far-red ratio and temperature. Forest Ecology and Management 168: 53-61.

Appiah, M. 2001. Co-Partnership in Forest Management: The Gwira-Banso Joint Forest Management Project in Ghana. Environment, Development and Sustainability 3(4): 343-360.

Appiah, M. 2001. Crown characteristic in four Iroko (Milicia exclesa) provenances grown in the dry semi-deciduous forest zone in Ghana. Ghana Journal of Forestry 11: 20-29.

Appiah, M., Koskela, J., Cobbinah, J, R., Luukkanen, O. 2001. Early growth performance of 11 Iroko (Milicia excelsa) provenances grown under different environmental conditions in Ghana. Ghana Journal of Forestry 11: 39-51.

Huang, W., Luukkanen, O., Johansson, S., Kaarakka, V., Räisänen, S. & Vihemäki, H. 2001. Agroforestry for biodiversity conservation of nature reserves: functional groups, identification and analysis. Agroforestry Systems 55(1): 65-72.

Huang, W., Pohjonen V., Johansson, S., Luukkanen,O., Katigula, M.I.L. & Nashanda, M. 2001. Species diversity, forest structure and species composition in Tanzanian tropical forests. Forest Ecology and Management 173(1-3): 11-24.

Koskela, J. 2001. Responses of gas exchange and growth in Merkus pine seedlings to expected climatic changes in Thailand. Global Change Biology 7: 641-656.

Tuomela, K., Koskela, J. & Gibson, A. 2001. Relationships between growth, specific leaf area and water use in six populations of Eucalyptus microtheca seedlings from two climates grown in controlled conditions. Australian Forestry 64(2): 75.

Koskela, J. 2000. Early shoot and diameter growth in four Pinus merkusii populations from Thailand. Journal of Tropical Forest Science 12(4): 707-716.

Koskela, J. 2000. A process-based growth model for the grass stage pine seedlings. Silva Fennica 34(1): 3-20.

Li, C. 2000. Estimation of genetic diversity in Eucalyptus microtheca populations with dominant AFLP markers. Journal of Tropical Forest Science 12(2):00-00.

Li, C. 2000. RAPD analysis of genetic variation in Eucalyptus microtheca F. Muell. Populations. Hereditas 132(2): 151-156.

Li, C. 2000. Population differences in water-use efficiency of Eucalyptus microtheca seedlings under different watering regimes. Physiologia Plantarum 108:134-139.

Li, C., Berninger, F., Koskela, J. and Sonninen, E. 2000. Drought responses of Eucalyptus microtheca F. Muell. provenances depend on seasonality of rainfall in their place of origin. Australian Journal of Plant Physiology 27:231-238.

Nygren, P., Lorenzo, A. & Cruz, P. 2000. Decomposition of woody legume nodules in two tree/grass associations under contrasting environmental conditions. Agroforestry Systems 48: 229-244.

Nygren, P., Vaillant, V., Desfontaines, L., Cruz, P. & Domenach, A.M. 2000. Effect of nitrogen source and defoliation on growth and biological dinitrogen fixation of Gliricidia sepium seedlings. Tree Physiology 20, 33-40.

Nygren, P., Cruz, P., Domenach, A.M., Vaillant, V. & Sierra, J. 2000. Influence of forage harvesting regimes on dynamics of biological dinitrogen fixation of a tropical woody legume. Tree Physiology 20 :41-48.

Otsamo, R. 2000. Early development of three planted indigenous tree species and natural understorey vegetation in artificial gaps in an Acacia mangium stand on an Imperata cylindrica grassland site in South Kalimantan, Indonesia. New Forests 19: 51-68.

Otsamo, R. 2000. Secondary forest regeneration under fast-growing forest plantations on degraded Imperata cylindrica grasslands. New Forests 19: 69-93.

1995 -1999

Huang, W. & Xu, Q. 1999. Overyield of Taxodium ascendens-intercrop systems. Forest Ecology and Management 116: 33-38.

Koskela, J., Hari, P. & Pipatwattanakul, D. 1999. Analysis of gas exchange of Merkus pine populations by the optimality approach. Tree Physiology 19: 511–518.

Li, C. 1999. Isozyme variation in natural populations of Eucalyptus microtheca. Hereditas 130:117-123.

Li, C. 1999. Carbon isotope composition, water-use efficiency and biomass productivity of Eucalyptus microtheca populations under different water supplies. Plant and Soil 214:165-171.

Li, C. 1999. Provenance selection of Eucalyptus microtheca for afforestation in arid and semi-arid areas. East African Agricultural and Forestry Journal.

Li, C., Koskela, J. & Luukkanen, O. 1999. Protective Forest Systems in China: Current Status, Problems and Perspectives. Ambio 28: 341-345.

Morataya, R., Galloway, G., Berninger, F. & Kanninen, M. 1999. Foliage biomass-sapwood (area and volume) relationships of Tectona grandis L.F. and Gmelina arborea Roxb.: silvicultural implications. Forest Ecology and Management 113: 231-239.

Otsamo, R. and Otsamo, A. 1999. Early development of seedlings of six tree species after a rotation of Acacia mangium on an Imperata cylindrica grassland site in South Kalimantan, Indonesia. International Tree Crops Journal 10(2): 145-160.

Otsamo, R. and Kurniati, L. 1999. Early performance of ten timber species planted under Acacia mangium plantation on an Imperata cylindrica grassland site in South Kalimantan, Indonesia. International Tree Crops Journal 10(2): 131-144.

Suoheimo, J., Li, C. and Luukkanen, O. 1999. Isozyme variation of natural populations of sal (Shorea robusta) in the Terai region, Nepal. Silvae Genetica 48:199-203.

Viisteensaari, J., Johansson, S., Kaarakka, V. & Luukkanen, O. 1999. Is the alien tree species Maesopsis eminii Engl. (Rhamnaceae) a threat to tropical forest conservation in the East Usambaras, Tanzania? Environmental Conservation 27: 76- 81.

Huang, W. 1998. Modelling the coexistence gain and interactions of populations in Taxodium ascendens-intercrop systems. Ecological Modelling 107: 189-212.

Li, C. 1998. Morphological and physiological behaviour of drought adaptation in Eucalyptus species. World Forestry Research 11: 22-26.

Li, C. 1998. Growth response of Eucalyptus microtheca provenances to water stress. Journal of Tropical Forest Science 10: 379-387.

Li, C. 1998. Variation of seedling traits of Eucalyptus microtheca origins in different watering regimes. Silvae Genetica 47: 132-136.

Li, C. 1998. Some aspects of leaf water relations in four provenances of Eucalyptus microtheca seedlings. Forest Ecology and Management 111: 303-308.

Li. C. 1998. Forest Resources and Management in China: Problems and Proposals. Ambio 27: 578-579.

Nygren, P. & Cruz, P. 1998. Biomass allocation and nodulation of Gliricidia sepium under two cut-and-carry forage production regimes. Agroforestry Systems 41: 277-292.

Otsamo, R. 1998. Removal of Acacia mangium overstorey increased growth of underplanted Anisoptera marginata (Dipterocarpaceae) on an Imperata cylindrica grassland site in South Kalimantan, Indonesia. New Forests 16: 71-80.

Otsamo, R. 1998. Effect of nurse tree species on early growth of Anisoptera marginata Korth. (Dipterocarpaceae) on an Imperata cylindrica (L.) Beauv. grassland site in South Kalimantan, Indonesia. Forest Ecology and Management 105: 303-311.

Saur, E., Bonhême, I., Nygren, P. & Imbert, D. 1998. Nodulation of Pterocarpus officinalis in the swamp forest of Guadeloupe (Lesser Antilles). Journal of Tropical Ecology 14: 761-770.

Huang,W. 1997. Influence of different Taxodium ascendens stands on the open ranges and system performance in Jiangsu Province, China. Agroforestry Systems 37: 241-252.

Huang, W., Kanninen, M., Xu, Q. & Huang, B. 1997. Agroforestry in China: Present state and future potential. Ambio 26: 394-398.

Kass, D.C.L., Sylvester-Bradley, R. & Nygren, P. 1997. The role of nitrogen fixation and nutrient supply in some agroforestry systems of the Americas. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 29: 775-785.

Li, C. & Tuomela, K. 1997. Differentiation of seed germination and early seedling growth in ten provenances of Eucalyptus microtheca. Journal of Forestry Research 8: 13-19.

Tuomela, K. 1997. Leaf water relations of six provenances of Eucalyptus microtheca: A greenhouse experiment. Forest Ecology and Management 92: 1-10.

Johansson, S.G. & Tuomela, K. 1996. Growth of sixteen provenances of Eucalyptus microtheca in regularly irrigated plantation in eastern Kenya. Forest Ecology and Management 82: 11-18.

Nygren, P., Kiema, P. & Rebottaro, S. 1996. Canopy development, CO2 exchange and carbon balance of a modelled agroforestry tree. Tree Physiology 16: 773-745.

Otsamo, R., Ådjers, G., Hadi, T.S., Kuusipalo, J. and Otsamo, A. 1996. Early performance of 12 shade tolerant tree species interplanted with Paraserianthes falcataria on Imperata cylindrica grassland. Journal of Tropical Forest Science 8: 381-394.

Otsamo, R., Ådjers, G., Kuusipalo, J., Otsamo, A., Susilo, N. and Tuomela, K. 1996. Effect of nursery practices on seed germination of selected dipterocarp species. Journal of Tropical Forest Science 9: 23-34.

Otsamo, R., Otsamo, A. and Ådjers, G. 1996. Reforestation experiences with dipterocarp spieces on grassland. In: Schulte, A. and Schöne, D. (eds.). Dipterocarp Forest Ecosystems – Towards Sustainable Management. World Scientific, Singapore. pp. 464-477.

Koskela, J., Kuusipalo, J. & Sirikul, W. 1995. Natural regeneration dynamics of Pinus merkusii in northern Thailand. Forest Ecology and Management 77: 169-179.

Nygren, P. 1995. Leaf CO2 exchange of Erythrina poeppigiana (Leguminosae: Phaseoleae) in humid tropical field conditions. Tree Physiology 15: 71-83.

Nygren, P. 1995. Above-ground nitrogen dynamics following a complete pruning of a nodulated woody legume in humid tropical field conditions. Plant, Cell and Environment 18: 977-988.

Nygren, P. & Campos, A. 1995. Effect of foliage pruning on fine root biomass of Erythrina poeppigiana (Fabaceae). In: Ecophysiology of Tropical Intercropping (Eds. H. Sinoquet and P. Cruz): 295-302. Science Update, INRA, Versailles, France.

Nygren, P. & Ramírez, C. 1995. Production and turnover of N2 fixing nodules in relation to foliage development in periodically pruned Erythrina poeppigiana (Leguminosae) trees. Forest Ecology and Management 73: 59-73.

Tuomela, K. & Kanninen, M. 1995. Effects of vapour pressure deficit and soil water content on leaf water potential between selected provenances of Eucalyptus microtheca in an irrigated plantation, Eastern Kenya. Silva Fennica 29: 217-224.

Before 1995

Nygren, P. 1993. Un modelo de los patrones de sombra de árboles manejados con podas periódicas en sistemas agroforestales. [Simulation of the shading pattern of periodically pruned trees in agroforestry systems]. Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira 28: 177-188. (In Spanish with English abstract)

Nygren, P. & Jiménez, J.M. 1993. Radiation regime and nitrogen supply in modelled alley cropping systems of Erythrina poeppigiana with sequential maize – bean cultivation. Agroforestry Systems 21: 271-285. Abstract

Nygren, P., Maraux, F. & Sánchez, G.A. 1993. Transmisión de la radiación solar en la copa de Erythrina poeppigiana (Walpers) O.F. Cook. [Solar radiation transmission in the canopy of Erythrina poeppigiana (Walpers) O.F. Cook]. Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira 28: 167 – 176. (In Spanish with English abstract)

Nygren, P., Rebottaro, S. & Chavarría, R. 1993. Application of the pipe model theory to non-destructive estimation of leaf biomass and leaf area of pruned agroforestry trees. Agroforestry Systems 23: 63 – 77. Abstract

Elfadl, M.A., Gronski, S., Asah, H., Tipton, A., Fulbright, T.E. & Felker, P. 1989. Regression equations to predict fresh weight and three grades of lumber from large mesquite (Prosopis galndulosa var. glandulosa) in Texas . For. Ecol. Manage, 26: 275-

East African Agriculture and Forestry Journal 58 (Special Issue) – 1993

Anttila, L., Alakoski-Johansson, G.M. & Johansson, S.G. 1993. Browse preference of Orma livestock and chemical composition of Prosopis juliflora and nine indigenous woody species in Bura, eastern Kenya. East African Agriculture and Forestry Journal 58 (Special Issue): 83–90. Abstract

Johansson, S.G. 1993. Growth of irrigated Azadirachta indica, Cassia siamea and Prosopis juliflora in relation to stand density. East African Agriculture and Forestry Journal 58 (Special Issue): 49–57. Abstract

Johansson, S.G & Kaarakka, V. 1993.Growth and yield of six-year-old fuelwood species under irrigation in eastern Kenya. East African Agriculture and Forestry Journal 58 (Special Issue): 23–34. Abstract

Kaarakka, V. & Johansson, S.G. 1993. Early development of Eucalyptus tereticornis provenances exposed to irrigation. East African Agriculture and Forestry Journal 58 (Special Issue): 43–47. Abstract

Kaarakka, V & Maua, J.O. 1993. Rainwater harvesting as a method for bushland rehabilitation with selected indigenous and exotic tree species. East African Agriculture and Forestry Journal 58 (Special Issue): 59–69. Abstract

Otsamo, R, Johansson, S. & Luukkanen, O. 1993. Dynamics of floodplain forests at Bura, Tana River, Kenya: results from a permanent sample plot study. East African Agriculture and Forestry Journal 58 (Special Issue): 71–82. Abstract

Sumanen, J. 1993. Production costs and feasibility of growing Prosopis juliflora in irrigated plantations in Bura, Kenya. East African Agriculture and Forestry Journal 58 (Special Issue): 91–99. Abstract

Tuomela, K., Johansson, S.G., Kuusipalo, J. & Luukkanen O. 1993. Morphological and physiological comparison of three provenances of Eucalyptus microtheca grown in eastern Kenya. East African Agriculture and Forestry Journal 58 (Special Issue): 35–41. Abstract

Vertanen, A., Johansson, S., Kaarakka, V. Sarajärvi, I. & Sarkeala, J. 1993. Biomass equations for Acacia reficiens, Acacia zanzibarica and Prosopis juliflora, and volume equations for Eucalyptus camaldulensis and Terminalia brownii. East African Agriculture and Forestry Journal 58 (Special Issue): 13–21. Abstract

Sirikul, W. & Kanninen, M. 1990. Shoot gowth and its clonal variation in Pinus kesiya. Silva Fennica 24, 303-313.