Research

By combining molecular biology with population genetics and computational modelling of whole tree physiology, the overall aim of TreeBio is to
understand carbon sequestration in trees as a holistic, physiological process, and to provide detailed molecular and genomic information for breeding birch as a better carbon sink.

Carbon in a form of CO2 enters leaf through stomata that consist of two guard cells. In leaves, sugars, which are assimilated through photosynthesis from CO2, are transported via phloem (pink) to sink tissues such as cambium (yellow). Cambium, in turn, produces phloem and xylem (wood), latter of which is made of cellulose, a long-term storage for carbon. Conductive type of xylem (blue) transports water from roots to leaves, where stomatal opening and density must be balanced to maximize CO2 intake and minimize water evaporation.

TreeBio CoE attempts to understand all this as a whole. In Work Package (WP) 1-3 we focus on information transfer from the model plant Arabidopsis (A.th.) to birch, whereas in WP4 we reverse the direction starting with a focus on the Betula model and its natural genetic variation. WPs are further divided into specific Tasks.

WP1: Carbon source: What are the mechanisms involved in stomatal regulation of CO2 uptake and their significance in carbon gain?

Task1. Guard cell CO2 signaling network (Cezary Waszczak)

Task 2. Regulation of stomatal development (Anne Vaten)

Task 3. Evaluation of the identified stomatal components in tree carbon gain (Jaakko Kangasjärvi)

Principal Investigators
WP2: Carbon allocation: How do the conductive tissues develop and function in carbon allocation?

Task 4. Morphogenesis of conductive tissues (Ykä Helariutta)

Task 5. Functionality of conductive tissues (Maija Sierla)

Task 6. Evaluation of the novel vascular functions in tree context (Teemu Hölttä)

Principal Investigators
WP3: Carbon sink: How is wood formed, and how does this carbon sequestration process feedback to other aspects in plant physiology?

Task 7. Comparative single cell transcriptome of cambia across species (Ari Pekka Mähönen)

Task 8. Cambial factors regulating sink strength (Melis Kucukoglu Topcu)

Task 9. Source-sink interaction in tree system (Teemu Hölttä)

 

Principal Investigators
WP4: Which genetic and genomic factors underpin the natural variation of the carbon assimilation in birch?

Task 10. Advanced phenotyping related to carbon sequestration strategies in birch (Alexey Shapiguzov)

Task 11. Genetic architecture and phenotype-genotype map of carbon sink traits in natural populations (Tanja Pyhäjärvi)

Task 12. From mapping to genes and gene networks: carbon sink effect in a genomic landscape (Jarkko Salojärvi)

Task 13. Towards breeding of enhanced carbon sink effect in forest trees (Kaisa Nieminen)

Principal Investigators