After Heissig, 1989, McKenna & Bell, 1997, and Antoine, 2002
Alternative phylogeny after Alroy, 2002
<==o RhinocerotidaeGray, 1821 non Owen, 1845 (sarvikuonot) |?- †Symphyssorrhachis |?- †Meschotherium |?- †Punjabitherium |?-o †Guixia You, 1977 [=? Juixia Chow & Chiu, 1964] | |-- †G. simplex You, 1977 | `-- †G. youjiangensis |?-+-- †Uintaceras radinskyi [=? Teletaceras radinskyi] | `--o †Teletaceras Hanson, 1989 [Eotrigonias Stock, 1949] | |?- †T. radinskyi Hanson, 1989 | |-- †T. mortivallis (Stock, 1949) | `-- †T. borissiaki (Beliaeva, 1959) |?-o †Epiaceratherium Abel, 1910 | |-- †E. bolcense | `-- †E. magnum Uhlig, 1999 `--+?- †Amphicaenopus platycephalus (Osborn & Wortman, 1894) Wood, 1927 |?-o †Penetrigonias | |-- †P. dakotensis (Peterson, 1920) Prothero, 1998b | |-- †P. hudsoni | `-- †P. sagittatus |--o †Trigonias Lucas, 1900 | |-- †T. osborni Lucas, 1900 | |-- †T. wellsi | `-- †T. yoderensis `--+--o †Ronzotherium Aymard, 1854 | |-- †R. velaunum | |-- †R. filholi (Osborn, 1900) | |-- †R. romani | `-- †R. brevirostre `--+-- †Pleuroceros pleuroceros [paraphyletic Menoceratini Prothero, Manning & Hanson, 1986] `--+-- †Protaceratherium albigense [paraphyletic Menoceratini Prothero, Manning & Hanson, 1986] `--+-- †Protaceratherium? minutum (Cuvier, 1822) Abel, 1910 [paraphyletic Menoceratini Prothero, Manning & Hanson, 1986] `--+--o Rhinocerotinae Gray, 1821 non Owen, 1845 sensu Antoine, 2002 [Rhinocerotini Gray, 1821 non Owen, 1845 sensu McKenna & Bell, 1997] (nykysarvikuonot) | |-- †Aceratheriini Dollo, 1885 [Aceratheriinae Dollo, 1885 sensu stricto ( McKenna & Bell, 1997)] | `--o Rhinocerotini Owen, 1845 sensu Antoine, 2002 [Rhinoceratina Owen, 1845 sensu McKenna & Bell, 1997] | |-- †Teleoceratini sensu McKenna & Bell, 1997 [Teleoceratina sensu Antoine, 2002] | `--+-- Rhinocerotini Owen, 1845 [Rhinoceratina Owen, 1845 sensu McKenna & Bell, 1997] (aasiansarvikuonot; asian rhinos) | `--+-- Dicerorhinini [Dicerorhinina sensu McKenna & Bell, 1997] (villasarvikuonot; woolly rhinos) | `-- Dicerotini [Dicerotina sensu McKenna & Bell, 1997] (afrikansarvikuonot; african rhinos) `--o Elasmotheriinae Bonaparte, 1845 sensu Antoine, 2002 |?- †Gulfoceras westfalli |--o †Diceratheriini Dollo, 1885 sensu Antoine, 2002 | |--o †Subhyracodon [Caenopus, Leptaceratherium] | | |-- †S. mitis | | |-- †S. occidentalis | | `-- †S. trigonodus | `--o †Diceratherium Marsh, 1875 | |-- †D. annectens | |-- †D. armatum Marsh, 1875 | |-- †D. gregorii | |-- †D. niobrarense | `-- †D. tridactylum `--o Elasmotheriini Bonaparte, 1845 sensu Antoine, 2002 |--o †Menoceras Troxell, 1921 [Moschoedestes] [Menoceratini Prothero, Manning & Hanson, 1986] | |-- †M. arikarensis (Barbour, 1906) | `-- †M. barbouri `-- †Elasmotheriina Bonaparte, 1845 sensu Antoine, 2002 [Rhinocerotidae: Rhinocerotinae: Elasmotheriini sensu McKenna & Bell, 1997; Rhinocerotidae: Elasmotheriinae: Elasmotheriina Bonaparte, 1845 sensu Prothero & Schoch 1989; Rhinocerotidae: Iranotheriinae] (elasmoteerit, elasmotheres)
Reference(s):
- Alroy, J., 2002: North American fossil mammal systematics database.
–iNet: North American fossil mammal systematics database: http://www.nceas.ucsb.edu/~alroy/nafmsd.html; [Visited: 2002-09-25] - Antoine, P.-O., 2002: Phylogénie et évolution des Elasmotheriina (Mammalia, Rhinocerotidae).
[The Elasmotheriina (Mammalia, Rhinocerotidae): phylogeny and evolution.]
–Publications Scientifiques du Muséum, Mémoires du Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle: Tome 188, 1-359 - Antoine, P.-O., Ducrocq, S., Marivaux, L., Chaimanee, Y., Crochet, J.-Y., Jaeger, J.-J. & Welcomme, J.-L., 2003: Early rhinocerotids (Mammalia: Perissodactyla) from South Asia and a review of the Holarctic Paleogene rhinocerotid record.
–Canadian Journal of Earth Sciencies: Vol. 40, #3, pp. 365-374
[http://article.pubs.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/ppv/RPViewDoc?_handler_=HandleInitialGet&journal=cjes&volume=40&calyLang=eng&articleFile=e02-101.pdf] - Hanson, C. B., 1989: Teletaceras radinskyi, a new primitive rhinocerotid from the Late Eocene Clarno Formation of Oregon. 379-398.
in Prothero, D. R. & Schoch, R. M., (eds.) 1989: The Evolution of Perissodactyls.
–Oxford University Press, New York, New York & Oxford, England, 1989, ix-537 - Heissig, K., 1989: The Rhinocerotidae. 399-417.
in Prothero, D. R. & Schoch, R. M., (eds.) 1989: The Evolution of Perissodactyls.
–Oxford University Press, New York, New York & Oxford, England, 1989, ix-537 - Froelich, D. J., 1999: Phylogenetic systematics of basal perissodactyls.
–Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology: Vol. 19, #1, pp. 140 - 159 - McKenna, M. C. & Bell, S. K., (eds.) 1997: Classification of mammals – above the species level.
–Columbia University Press, New York, 1997, xii-631 - Prothero, D. R. & Schoch, R. M. 1989: Classification of the Perissodactyla. 530-537.
in Prothero, D. R. & Schoch, R. M., (eds.) 1989: The Evolution of Perissodactyls.
–Oxford University Press, New York, New York & Oxford, England, 1989, ix-537