After Polly, 1996, McKenna & Bell, 1997, Gunnell, 1998, and Lange-Badré & Böhme, 2005
<==o †Hyeanodontinae Leidy, 1869 sensu Polly, 1996 |?- †“Pterodon” hyaenoides (Matthew & Granger, 1925) Polly, 1996 |?- †“Megalopterodon” mongoliensis Dashzeveg, 1964 |?- †Neoparapterodon rechetovi (Dashzeveg, 1985) Lavrov [“Pterodon” rechetovi Dashzeveg, 1985] |?-o †Isohyaenodon Savage, 1965 [Pterodon (Isohyaenodon) Savage, 1965; Hyaenodon (Isohyaenodon) Savage, 1965; Metapterodon Stromer in Kaiser, 1926] | |-- †I. andrewsi | |-- †I. matthewi [incl. Isohyaenodon pilgrimi (in partim)] | `-- †I. zadoki (Savage, 1956) [incl. Isohyaenodon pilgrimi (in partim)] |--+--o †Teranodontini Savage, 1925 [Teranodontidae Savage, 1925] | | `--o †Teratodon Savage, 1965; E.Mioc. Af. | | |-- †I. enigmae Savage 1965 | | `-- †I. spekei Savage 1965 | `--o †Apterodontini Szalay 1967 [Apterodontinae Szalay 1967] | |?-o †Metapterodon Stromer in Kaiser, 1926 [Hyaninailourinae sensu Egi et al., 2007] | | |-- †M. kaiseri Stromer, 1926 | | |-- †M. schlosseri Holroyd, 1999 | | `-- †M. stromeri Morales, Pickford & Soria, 1998 | |?- †Akhnatenavus Holroyd, 1999 [Akhatenatus (lapsus calami)] [Hyaninailourinae sensu Egi et al., 2007] | |-- †Quasiapterodon minutus (Schlosser, 1910) Lavrov, 1999 [Apterodon minutus Schlosser, 1910] | `--o †Apterodon Fischer, 1880 [incl. Dasyurodon Andreae, 1887] U.Eoc. Af., L.Olig. Eu. | |?- †A. gaudryi Fischer, 1880 [A. flonheimensis (Andreae, 1887) (nomen dubium, type lost)] | |-- †A. macrognathus (Andrews, 1904) Andrews, 1906 | |-- †A. altidens Schlosser, 1910 | |-- †A. saghensis Simons & Gingerich, 1976 | |-- †A. intermedius Lange-Badré & Böhme, 2005 | `-- †A. langebadreae Grohé et al., 2012 `--o †Hyaenodontini |-- †Oxyaenoides bicuspidens Matthes, 1967; Matthes, 1967; ?L.Eoc., M.Eoc. Eu. |-- †Francotherium lindgreni Rich, 1971; L.Eoc. Eu. |--o †Hyaenodon Laizer & Parieu, 1838 [incl.? Taxotherium de Blainville, 1841; Pseudopterodon Schlosser, 1887] [incl. Neohyaenodon Thorpe, 1922; Protohyaenodon Stock, 1933; Megalopterodon Dashzeveg, 1964] | |-- †H. leptorhynchus Laizer & Parieu, 1838 | |-- †H. exicuus (Gervais, 1872) | |-- †H. mustelinus Scott, 1895 | |-- †H. crucians Leidy, 1853 | |-- †H. megaloides | |-- †H. milloquensis | |-- †H. bavaricus | |-- †H. eminus Matthew & Granger, 1924 | |-- †H. yuanchensis Young, 1937 | |-- †H. chunkhtensis Dashzeveg, 1985 | |-- †H. montanus | |-- †H. microdon | |-- †H. brevirostris | |-- †H. raineyi | |-- †H. pervagus Matthew & Granger, 1924 [H. aymardi Filhol; H. dubius Lange-Badré] | |-- †H. weilini Wang, Qiu & Wang, 2005 | |-- †H. neimongoliensis Huang & Zhu, 2002 | |-- †H. gigas Dashzeveg, 1985 [Neohyaenodon gigas (Dashzeveg, 1985) Lavrov, 1999] [incl.? Macropterodon zelenovi Lavrov, 1999] | |-- †H. mongoliensis (Dashzeveg, 1964) | |-- †H. incertus Dashzeveg, 1985 [Pterodon exploratus Dashzeveg, 1964] | |--o †(Protohyaenodon) Stock, 1933 | | |-- †H. (P.) venturae [P. “exiquus”] | | `-- †H. (P.) horridus Leidy, 1853 | `--o †(Neohyaenodon) (Thorpe, 1922) Mellett, 1977 | `-- †H. (N.) vetus `-- †Leakitherium hiwegi J.G. Savage, 1965; L.Mioc. Af.
Reference(s):
- Carroll, R. L., 1988: Vertebrate paleontology and evolution.
–W. H. Freeman and company, New York, 1988, 698. - Carroll, R. L., 1988: Appendix. 594-648.
in Carroll, R. L., 1988: Vertebrate paleontology and evolution.
–W. H. Freeman and company, New York, 1988, 698. - Grohé, C., Morlo, M., Chaimanee, Y., Blondel, C., Coster, P., Valentin, X., Salem, M., Bilal, A.A., Jaeger, J.-J. & Brunet, M., 2012: New Apterodontinae (Hyaenodontida) from the Eocene Locality of Dur At-Talah (Libya): Systematic, Paleoecological and Phylogenetical Implications.
–PLoS ONE: Vol. 7, #11, pp. e49054 (1-19) [doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0049054] - Ginsburg, L., 2001: Les faunes de mammifčres terrestres du Miocčne moyen des
Faluns du bassin de Savigné-sur-lathan (France).
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–Geodiversitas: Vol. 23, #3, pp. 381-394 - Gunnell, G. F., 1998: Creodonta. 91-109.
in Janis, C. M., Scott, K. M. & Jacobs, L. L., (eds.) 1998: Evolution of Tertiary mammals of North America.
–Cambridge University Press, New York, 1998, - Lange-Badré, B. & Böhme, M., 2005: Apterodon intermedius, sp. nov., a new European Creodont Mammal from MP22 of Espenhain (Germany).
–Annales de Paléontologie: Vol. 91, #4, pp. 311-328 [http://france.elsevier.com/direct/ANNPAL/] - McKenna, M. C. & Bell, S. K., (eds.) 1997: Classification of mammals – above the species level.
–Columbia University Press, New York, 1997, xii-631 - Morales, J., Pickford, M. & Soria, D., 1998: A new creodont Metapterodon stromeri nov. sp. (Hyaenodontidae, Mammalia) from the Early Miocene of Langental (Sperrgebiet, Namibia).
–Comptes Rendus de l'Academie des Sciences Series IIA Earth and Planetary Science: Vol. 327, #9, pp. 633-638 - Morlo, M. & Nagel, D., 2006: New remains of Hyaenodontidae (Creodonta, Mammalia) from the Oligocene of central Mongolia.
–Annales de Paléontologie: Vol. 92, #3, pp. 305-321 [http://france.elsevier.com/direct/ANNPAL/]
- Polly, P. D., 1996: The skeleton of Gazinocyon vulpeculus gen. et comb. nov. and the cladistic relationships of Hyaenodontidae (Eutheria, Mammalia).
–Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology: Vol. 16, #2, pp. 303-319 - Savage, R. J. G., 1965: Fossil Mammals of Africa: 19 The Miocene Carnivora of East Africa.
–Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) - Geology: Vol. 10, #8, pp. 241-316 - Wang, X.-M., Qiu, Z.-X. & Wang, B.-Y., 2005: Hyaenodonts and carnivorans from the Early Oligocene to Early Miocene of Xianshuihe Formation, Lanzhou Basin, Gansu Province, China.
†Palaeontologia Electronica: Vol. 8, #1, 6A: pp. 1-14
[http://palaeo-electronica.org/paleo/2005_1/wang6/issue1_05.htm]