Viewed from three different angles (from the laboratories of Sirpa Loukovaara, Kaisa Lehti, and Michael Jeltsch), we are looking at proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), which is an eye complication that develops slowly over decades in diabetic patients and which is still a major cause of blindness. The treatment of PDR is often less successful than it potentially could be. Importantly, we present also advances in PDR research, from which new ideas might emerge of how to improve current treatment regimens. The original Finnish language version of the review just went online: https://www.duodecimlehti.fi/lehti/2020/16/duo15739. An English translation is available from Zenodo: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4005517.