Structure of the programme

The Bachelor's Programme in Liberal Arts and Sciences is structured around a common core, alongside disciplinary modules of increasing depth. Specialisations combine modules into meaningful interdisciplinary combinations. Students are free to select the specialisations that interest them most.
Overall structure

Altogether, the size of the bachelor's degree is 180 credits (ideally divided evenly across three years, although there is room for some variation). The degree includes a common core of 49 credits, disciplinary modules that feed into multiple specialisations, and at least 6 credits of Finnish and/or Swedish.

Ideally, the first year, you will complete: 

  • 19 credits of core courses, which give you the necessary scaffolding to a) relate the different disciplines within the programme to each other, and b) succeed in university studies in general
  • two 15-credit blocks of disciplinary modules from the programme
  • one further 15-credit disciplinary module or 15 credits of language and communication skills (Finnish) 

At the end of the first year, you will pick the specialisation you are targeting (however, the requirements for different specialisations have significant overlap, and there are thus opportunities to switch between them also later).

The second year, you will complete: 

  • further 15-credit disciplinary modules per your interests and the requirements of the specialisations you are targeting
  • 5+5 credits of interdisciplinary orientation and practice, where you will learn to combine what you have learned in practice
  • 5 credits of work-life orientation
  • at least 6 credits of Finnish and/or Swedish, if not already taken. Alternatively, a further 15 credits of Finnish, enough to give an everyday proficiency in the language.
  • other courses across the whole university you see as interesting or useful 

The third year, you will complete: 

  • any final modules required for your specialisation
  • a 5-credit course on applied interdisciplinarity that will deepen your interdisciplinary capabilities
  • a 4+6 credit thesis seminar and bachelor's thesis
  • other courses across the whole university you see as interesting or useful 
Specialisation options

Structurally, the LAS degree then consists of 49 credits of common studies (unpacked in detail further below), at least 6 credits of Finnish/Swedish, and a number of disciplinary modules and individual elective courses. 

Because the programme is designed to grant you not just common critical analysis skills, but also a distinct (inter)disciplinary expertise profile, the disciplinary modules you include in your degree at the end need to fulfil the requirements of at least one of the specialisation options (also sometimes called study tracks) described below, each of which also directly corresponds to one Master's programme eligibility.

(For details on the modules referenced in the requirements, see even further down)

Data Science

Students in the Data Science study track acquire skills to write and use computer programs for data science in cross-disciplinary applications, and they learn the fundamentals of the mathematical and statistical methods underlying modern analytical methods. The students also learn at least the basics in one or more other disciplines of their choice. The study track accommodates a substantial amount of freely chosen studies to support various multi-disciplinary combinations or a deeper insight into computer science. The studies include hands-on exercises and projects to learn practical skills and to gain cross-disciplinary experience. 

Requirements (min 75cr):

  • The first two of the computer science LAS modules (30 cr)
  • The two math LAS modules (30 cr)
  • At least one non-computer science LAS module (15cr)
Digital Humanities

The Digital Humanities specialisation is built upon combining methodological modules from data science and statistics with substance modules covering one or more humanities application areas. 

Within these boundaries, you will be able select your sweet spot anywhere between a very data science-heavy or a humanities-heavy degree, depending on where you want to continue after the programme, and what kind of an expert profile you're looking for (data scientist–bridge builder–humanities scholar).

Requirements (min 60cr):

  • At least two of the computer science/mathematics LAS modules (30 cr)
  • At least two LAS modules from the Faculty of Humanities (30 cr)
Ecology and Adaptation

How do living organisms survive, adapt, and thrive in a changing world? This study track explores the foundations of ecology, evolution, and biodiversity, with a special focus on how species adapt to diverse environments from boreal forests to tropical ecosystems. You will learn how ecosystems function, how life has evolved, and how adaptation connects the smallest traits to the grand patterns of biodiversity. Through courses that combine theory, fieldwork, and research practice, you will gain the tools to understand global environmental challenges, appreciate the richness of life on Earth, and see how ecological and evolutionary perspectives inform broader debates on sustainability, resilience, and human–nature relations. Students also gain practical skills in ecological observation, data analysis, and interdisciplinary collaboration that prepare them to engage with complex real-world problems.

Requirements (min 95cr):

  • All the ecology and adaptation LAS-EA modules (60 cr)
  • At least the first LAS math module + the MAT12002 course from the second module (20 cr)
  • At least one other LAS module (15cr)
Economics of Natural Resources

During your studies in the Economics of Natural Resources study track, you will learn how environmental problems, such as climate change and eutrophication, can be included in economic decision making. You will also gain an economic understanding of agricultural production systems, supply chains, markets and policies. Together with the Economics study module, you will learn methods and theories of microeconomics and apply those to topical issues related to natural resource use and food systems. You will study both how economic actions affect natural resources, food systems and the environment, and the preferred environmental behavior of the society and how it compares to the behavior in the markets. You will learn how policies can be designed to utilize natural resources sustainably and to reduce negative environmental impacts at the least cost. In this study track, you will apply mathematics and microeconomics to issues related to resource management, agriculture and food.

Requirements  (min 60cr):

  • At least the first LAS math module + the MAT11015 course from the second module (20 cr)
  • AGERE-010 and ECOK-110 from the economics LAS module (10 cr)
  • The two Economics of Natural Resources LAS-ENR modules (30 cr)
Resource Management of Global Forests

Studies in the Resource Management of Global Forests will give you a broad overview of the use of global forests and skills in cutting edge technologies of data-driven natural resource management. You will learn practical skills in geographical information system applications and understand the principles and building blocks of spatial data infrastructures and their importance in societies. You will gain understanding in tropical forests and allied production systems, namely forest management and agroforestry, and the relationship between those activities and land use, rural and forest-dependent livelihoods, biodiversity, and conservation. We will also familiarize you with the concept of multi-objective resource management planning as well as give you an insight in policies and decision making beyond practical operations and applications.

Requirements  (min 50cr):

  • At least the first LAS math module + the MAT11015 course from the second module (20 cr)
  • The two Global Forests LAS-GF modules (30 cr)
Social Data Science

The Social Data Science study track emphasizes the application of data science methods to real-world social issues, such as inequality, healthcare, finance, and social media, using diverse data sources like surveys, register data, open governmental and business data, and digital trace data.

The study track accommodates a substantial amount of freely chosen studies to support various multi-disciplinary combinations or a deeper insight into social sciences. The studies include hands-on exercises and projects to learn practical skills and to gain cross-disciplinary experience, ensuring that students can apply data science methods within social science contexts effectively.

Requirements (min 60cr):

  • At least two of the computer science/mathematics LAS modules (30cr)
  • At least two LAS modules from the Faculty of Social Sciences (30cr)
Qualification

Depending on your specialisation, you will graduate from the programme as either: 

  • Digital Humanities specialisation: Bachelor of Arts
  • Data Science / Ecology and Adaptation specialisations: Bachelor of Science
  • Economics of Natural Resources / Resource Management of Global Forests specialisations: Bachelor of Science (Agriculture and Forestry), or
  • Social Data Science specialisation: Bachelor of Social Sciences 
Master's options

While each of the specialisations already directly matches one Master's eligibility criteria, these do not encompass all the sensible disciplinary combinations available. Thus, when planning your studies (even if you're not planning on continuing at the University of Helsinki for your Master's), you should instead start from the complete list of requirements below for the different Master's options available from the programme (the official information on these is in the  service. If there ever were a disparity between the below and what is stated there, the Studies service takes priority):

  • : same as the Data Science specialisation (min 75cr)
  • : same as the Data Science specialisation, plus 30 more credits of computer science in the LAS-CS130 module (min 105cr)
  • : same as the Data Science specialisation, with the non-computer science LAS module being one of the life science (biological and environmental sciences/agriculture and forestry) modules (min 75cr)
  • Digital Humanities Track in the :  same as the Digital Humanities specialisation (min 60cr)
  • Cognitive Science Track in the :  any specialisation including the two cognitive science LAS-C modules (closest match: digital humanities specialisation, min 60cr)
  • Language Technology Track in the :  any specialisation including the two language technology KIK-LG modules (closest match: digital humanities specialisation, min 60cr)
  • Phonetics Track in the :  any specialisation including the phonetics LAS-LG130 module (closest match: digital humanities specialisation, min 60cr)
  • : any specialisation including the REE-520 Russian, Eurasian and Eastern European Studies module as well as at least two other 15-credit study modules from the faculties of Humanities or Social Sciences, or equivalent studies (closest matches: digital humanities/social data science specialisations, min 75cr)
  • : same as the Economics of Natural Resources specialisation (min 60cr)
  • : same as the Resource Management of Global Forests specialisation (min 50cr)
  • : same as the Ecology and Adaptation specialisation (min 95cr)
  • (in Finnish): the Ecology and Adaptation specialisation plus (min 95cr)
  • Social Data Science Track in the : the Social Data Science specialisation (min 60cr)
  • Social and Cultural Anthropology Track in the : any specialisation including the two LAS-SDS anthropology modules. Grade average minimum 3.5. Max 4 students per year based on the best grade averages. (closest match: social data science specialisation, min 60cr)

As you can see, both the specialisations and the master’s options 1) share plenty of the same modules and 2) leave plenty of space for free elective modules, additional language studies and individual courses (30 to 75 credits to be exact, depending on what you're targeting). Together, these ensure you have space in the programme to explore its disciplines, without any of your courses going to waste, nor needing to lock in too early to a fixed trajectory.

Finally, if you want a different view of the structure of the whole degree, you can go to the official . However, due to technical reasons, that splits the studies differently, for example forcing you to select a study track first, and then splitting both the core and disciplinary courses under Basic, Intermediate and Other studies.

Core courses
  • (2cr) introduces you to the programme and its structure, giving you the ability to plan your studies
  • (10cr) introduces you to academia, academic work across disciplines, and the disciplines participating in the LAS programme
  • + (2+1cr) ensure that your digital skills are up to par for the road ahead
  • (4cr) prepares you to understand, communicate and mediate research across disciplines
  • (5cr) introduces you to the promises and pitfalls of interdisciplinarity in general, in practice, and in relation to your chosen combination of disciplines within LAS.
  • (5cr) here, you’ll prepare and execute a concrete small interdisciplinary project in practice, learning to plan, organise, collaborate, and represent your disciplinary mix in interdisciplinary expert settings
  • (5cr) expands meaningfully on an aspect of interdisciplinarity relevant to your disciplinary mix. This can be, for example, a course on the ethics and/or regulatory implications of data/AI, a course on doing ethnography for students otherwise majoring in quantitative methods, or a course on Science and Technology Studies that turns the academic pursuit of knowledge itself into the object of study.
  • / / (5cr) introduces key aspects of working life and essential career skills as an (inter)disciplinary expert.
  • (4cr) + (6cr) + (0cr) Here, you’ll learn how to tie together all of your studies in the pursuit of researching, distilling and presenting new knowledge.
Disciplinary modules

The following 15-credit modules make up the basis of the interdisciplinary expert profiles on offer in the programme (in alphabetical order, grouped by faculty):

  • Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry:
  • Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences:
  • Faculty of Educational Sciences:
  • Faculty of Humanities:
  • Faculty of Science:
    • (30 cr)
  • Faculty of Social Sciences:

The precise contents of these modules, down to the course level, are available from the main curriculum information system by clicking through the links.

Apart from these modules, the programme also includes plenty of space for electives, which you can choose from a wide and varied selection of on offer across the university (not all courses in the linked list are open. Unfortunately, the search system isn't currently able to automatically identify which courses are available for whom, so check details on the pages for each course).

Language studies

At a minimum, your degree will include at least 6 credits in Finnish and/or Swedish, but we heartily encourage our students to take more. To this end, the degree has place for, and we provide a total of , the completion of which will raise your proficiency to the CEFR-B2 level. This, in turn, will enable you to thrive in also Finnish-language work environments, and permit you to apply to Finnish-language Master's programmes after completing your Bachelor's.

In addition, the Language Centre of the University of Helsinki provides , which you're also free to include within your degree.

More about the programme