Learning outcomes and contents of a selection of courses

Find out more about the learning outcomes and contents of a selection of courses in the Master's Programme in Forest Sciences.
FOR-101 Re­spons­ible busi­ness man­age­ment in circular and bioeconomy, 5cr

Learning outcomes 

Define and explain the basic theories and models for Corporate Responsibility (CR/CSR), explain the foundations of the bioeconomy and related economic models like circular economy, identify the drivers of innovation for sustainability, assess sustainability strategies and innovations of companies, especially in the context of forest-based bioeconomy and analyze stakeholder collaboration opportunities for developing new business models in circular and bioeconomy contexts.

Contents 

The course covers the basic theories and models for corporate responsibility (CR/CSR) and their applications in emerging circular and bioeconomy. During the course students will get familiar with the drivers of responsible management and explore the factors supporting innovative sustainable business development. Special emphasis on circular and bieconomy models encourages students to apply analytical thinking to recognize future-oriented competitive business strategies for sustainability, especially in the context of forest-based industries. 

 

FOR-113, Forest business economics 5 cr

Learning outcomes 

After the course students are able to apply business planning tools for forest-based bioeconomy business. They are able to evaluate business operations using accounting and reporting methods. The students are able to outline a simple innovation pathway for a forest-based bioeconomy business. They are able to analyze the operation environment including market changes.

Contents 

Review of theoretical framework for the business economics and their operationalization within the forest-based bioeconomy. Familiarization with relevant business planning tools and their application in the business planning in European and Global forest-based bioeconomy context.

FOR-104 International forest policy, politics and power , 5 cr

Learning outcomes 

Students will gain an overview of key concepts and current trends in international forest policy, and the main theories applied (critical policy analysis, network policy analysis, institutional policy analysis, rational policy analysis, and the advocacy coalition framework). They will be able to apply a political economy lens and methods such as institutional, discourse and network analysis to dissect an international forest policy arena (tropical deforestation). Students will be enabled to apply these basic concepts as well as methods and approaches to understanding politics and power in REDD+ (reducing emissions through avoided deforestation and forest degradation).

Contents 

The course will start with an introduction into the field of international forest policy, and theories in forest policy analysis. An introduction to the policy arena of tropical deforestation in the context of climate change is followed by an overview of a theoretical framework to understand the political economy of deforestation, and related methods. REDD+ (reducing emissions through avoided deforestation and forest degradation) is used an example to showcase findings of such an analysis in a comparative design, and how institutional, discourse and network analysis can be applied. This knowledge will then be built upon by the students in group work to analyse REDD+ politics and power in selected countries. The key findings of each group and country case will be presented (as a powerpoint presentation and an essay) and discussed.

Topics covered:

  • Introduction to International Forest Policy and underlying theories
  • Introduction to the policy arena of tropical deforestation in context of climate change
  • A political economy framework (the 4Is: institutions, interests, ideas and information)
  • Methods and approaches to analyse the 4Is: institutional, discourse and network analysis
  • The case of REDD+

Presentation of students’ group work results (country case study) and submission of essay.

FOR-111 Behavioural change and sustainability , 5 cr

Learning outcomes 

In this course, students will learn to apply different conceptual models to the context of sustainability transformations. The students will also learn to compare how behavioural change is examined from other disciplinary perspectives, such as behavioural economics, policy sciences, and sociology. Students will learn to identify different behavioural change tools, identify and apply a relevant tool to change the target behaviour.

Contents 

The course will address how behaviours of consumers/citizens, farmers and other stakeholders are related to large-scale sustainability transformations, as well as barriers and drivers to behavioural change. The course will focus on the conceptual models and empirical tools to explain and facilitate behavioural change, such as such as policy instruments, nudging, information provision, and marketing. The course will especially focus on theories and methods used in social and environmental psychology but will also discuss their relation to behavioural economics and sociology.

FOR-211 Tree eco­physiology, 5 cr

Learning outcomes

The course is done using problem-based learning. The student will learn to:

  • Understand the basic tree ecophysiological processes and their spatial and temporal dynamics
  • Understand the effects of environment on tree structure and functioning
  • Evaluate quantitatively the effects of environment on tree ecophysiology at leaf, tree and stand scale.
  • Formulate research questions, search literature and analyze data to address the questions.
  • Design and use metadata and data archiving

Contents

The main topics in the course are:

  1. Photosynthesis: light energy capture
  2. Photosynthesis: carbon reactions
  3. Canopy structure and light environment
  4. Tree water relations and transport processes
  5. Links between nutrient uptake and carbon dynamics
  6. Primary and secondary metabolites
  7. Stand scale gas exchange processes
  8. Annual cycle of plant functions, phenological models
  9. Patterns of carbon allocation between canopy, stem and roots
FOR-215 Mit­ig­a­tion of cli­mate change in forestry, 5 cr

Learning outcomes 

To understand the interactions of forestry and carbon balances of forest ecosystems, other effects of forest management on climate.

Contents 

Carbon balances of the world and of the role of forests, the role of forestry for forest ecosystem carbon balances. Measurement and certification of forest carbon balances.

FOR-219 Sustainable forest eco­sys­tem man­age­ment, 5 cr

Learning outcomes 

Student knows and can explain the main concepts, theories and practical approaches of forest ecosystem management. The student is able to analyze the relationships and tradeoffs between different dimensions of sustainability in forest management contexts.

Contents 

History and definitions of sustainability concepts, sustainability and forest policy, ecosystem approach, resilience thinking, managing forests as complex adaptive systems, ecosystem services, cultural sustainability, tactical models of implementation of sustainable forest ecosystem management.

FOR-226 Res­tor­a­tion of de­graded eco­sys­tems: the­ory and prac­tice, 5 cr

Learning outcomes

After completing the course the students will know how to apply the basic principles, concepts, methodologies and related socio-economic aspects to the rehabilitation and restoration of degraded ecosystems, soil, and surface and ground water.

Contents

The course has a multidisciplinary approach. Concepts and theory of restoration and rehabilitation; mechanisms of ecosystem degradation through inappropriate land-use practices, invasive exotics species, mismanagement, pollution or exploitation for timber and natural resources; species composition, structure, dynamics of degraded forests and land; practical methods of restoration and rehabilitation of degraded tropical, sub-tropical and boreal forest ecosystems and landscapes, including wetlands, agro-forest ecosystems and soils; evaluation of various case studies. There is a compulsory 1-2 day field trip.

FOR-278 Forest tree breeding and genetic resources, 5 cr

Learning outcomes

  • describe the main principles and methods of traditional forest tree breeding
  • describe the principles of genomic prediction
  • design a simple breeding trial
  • critically evaluate the effect of different breeding methods and programs on genetic variation
  • evaluate various methods of conservation of forest genetic material
  • critically compare breeding methods and programs across countries and species

Contents

Genetic diversity of forest trees is the basis of forest tree breeding. The course covers the stages of forest tree breeding from natural genetic variation to deployment of improved seeds in forest renewal. In this course, we will learn about the importance and practices of forest genetic resources, how they are studied and how they are used in breeding. Course includes methods of estimating heritability, additive genetic variance and breeding value while considering the environmental variance. The course also covers the use of genetic markers and other genomic technologies in forest breeding in e.g., genomic prediction and gene editing. Populations, stages and outputs of forest tree breeding cycles. In situ conservation of forest tree genetic resources. We will cover biology, practices and breeding programs around the world across species, from Eucalyptus to Scots pine.

FOR-231 Ba­sic biotechnology ap­plic­a­tions in forestry, 5 cr

Learning outcomes

  • Appreciation of diverse  areas of  biotechnology process that are relevant in Forestry
  • Understand the historical background on applied and modern biotechnology
  • Develop awareness on how biotechnology can impact on forestry practices in the coming decades
  • Identify key topic areas that might require immediate or long term intervention with biotechnology tools

Contents

  • Biotechnology: history, processes and potentials in Forestry: An overview           
  • Forest trees and their microbial partners: The potentials (Phytoremediation, biopulping etc)
  • Tree Health problems-an overview 
  • Application of DNA/molecular techniques in fungal biodiversity analyses
  • Endophytes in biotechnology
  • Biological control: Principles and applications in tree health protection               
  • Forest tree breeding
  • Fungal Biotechnology: secondary metabolites, lignocellulose bioconversion, first and second generation biofuel
  • Biodegradation and biodeterioration technology
  • Tree biotechnology-GM trees (concept, principles and applications)                                
  • Ethical and environmental implications of GM-trees: Impact of GM trees on Biodiversity, insect resistance, disease resistance, tolerance to environmental stress, sterility of GM trees, environmental release, regulatory framework, environmental and human health benefit of GM trees, Risk aspects of GM trees to human  health and biodiversity
  • Excursions: to Biotechnology company, forest tree breeding station forest tree nursery etc.
FOR-235 Multidisciplinary view on insect outbreaks and host-pathogen dynamics, 5 cr

Learning outcomes

Participants will gain understanding about the combined effect of multiple disturbance agents on forest dynamics and general principles of outbreak and disease ecology. Student will understand the connections among abiotic and biotic disturbance agents and how they are connected to insect and pathogen outbreaks in boreal forest ecosystem. Participants will learn e.g. evaluation of practical forest damage problems, analyzing the critical components of forest damage, applying the understanding in terms of control methods. Course will give an overview for a diverse array of methodology such as simulations, risk estimation, estimation of economic costs and genetic tools.

Contents

Course gives overview on interactive effects between plants, herbivores and pathogens and how their dynamics are affected by biotic and abiotic conditions.

FOR-247 Meth­ods and tools in trop­ical forestry, 5 cr

Learning outcomes

After attending the course students will understand basic concepts and methods of field research of tropical forests and natural resources and of livelihoods of forest-dependent rural people. The course is aimed primarily at participants of the FOR 249 field course.

Contents

Theoretical background and field methods for:

  • Forest inventory, including biomass and carbon analysis
  • Biodiversity analysis in forested landscapes
  • Livelihoods analysis of farmers and villages
  • Value-chain analysis of timber and non-timber forest products
  • Vulnerability analysis of poor farmers and communities.

Learning outcomes

After completing the course students will learn to identify and explain the major agroforestry systems of the tropics and developing countries. They will also be able to describe the mechanisms of biophysical and socio-economic interactions in agroforestry systems.

Contents

Ecological, technical, economic and social aspects of agroforestry systems and practices in the tropics and developing countries. Overview of participatory approaches in agroforestry, ecophysiological aspects of agroforestry, soil management in agroforestry, agricultural crop production and management in agroforestry, agroforestry and biodiversity, Agroforestry systems and carbon sequestration, modelling of agroforestry systems, policy for the development and promotion of Agroforestry, and linkages to major global environmental conventions (UNFCCC, UNCCD, UNCBD).

FOR-260 Advanced 3D remote sensing of forests, 5 cr

FOR-260 Advanced 3D remote sensing of forests, 5 cr 

Learning outcomes

The aim of the course is to get acquainted with in-depth laser scanning and other 3D remote sensing materials, data processing and interpretation methods, and the use of 3D remote sensing in various applications of forest resource management.

Contents

Lectures: 3D remote sensing methods: laser scanning, SAR radargrammetry and SAR interferometry, aerial photography, optical wavelength satellite images. Remote sensing data pre-processing and interpretation. 3D remote sensing in forest resource inventory, mapping and monitoring.

An important part of the course is the compulsory exercises: Processing and utilization of 3D remote sensing data, especially laser scanning data, in forest resource management applications.

FOR-263 Op­er­a­tions re­search in forest re­source man­age­ment, 5 cr

Learning outcomes 

The aim of the course is that the students should be able to model and solve complicated (e.g. multi-objective and/or spatial, discrete/continuous) forest resources management problems using operations research tools.

Contents 

Multi-objective and/or spatial, discrete/continuous problems. Simulation, Markov Chains, linear programming and its extensions (MIP, GP, CP), and heuristic optimization. Decision making under uncertainty using stochastic optimization and the concepts of value of stochastic solution and value of information.

FOR-266 Wood pro­cure­ment - sup­ply chain and infor­mation man­age­ment, 5 cr

Learning outcomes 

To give an understanding of wood procurement operations. Ability to make analyses of supply chains and to handle different type of tools for planning and decision-making.

Contents 

Wood supply strategy, stocks, harvesting operations - production and planning, transport operation - capacity and costing, transport management, information management. Assignments and project work (case study). Excursion.

FOR-270 Wood as fibre raw ma­ter­ial, 5 cr

Learning outcomes 

After taking the course, students are able to describe how the properties of wood fibres vary, how they can be classified and modified, and how they affect the properties of fibre based products. Furthermore, students have the knowledge how to analyze the suitability of fibre raw material to different products.

Contents 

Variation and measurement of wood fibres, fibre modification and its effect on product properties, manufacturing and use of nanocellulose, wood fibres as raw material for composites, textiles and biorefineries.

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