Synchrotron radiation in materials research

Synkrotronisäteily materiaalitutkimuksessa 

Lectures: Ritva Serimaa ritva.serimaa@helsinki.fi
Exercises: Paavo Penttilä paavo.a.penttila@helsinki.fi

Lectures: tuesdays 16-18, thursdays 14-16 leture room D115. 
Exercises thursdays 16-18 lecture room D115.

Main topics

The topics are the production of x-rays and synchrotron radiation, interactions of radiation and matter, methods for structural studies of well and weakly ordered materials (crystalline, amorphous). These methods include x-ray diffraction, small-angle x-ray scattering, inelastic scattering, absorption and emission spectroscopy, and imaging methods. Special methods for studies of surfaces and fibres are also introduced. X-ray instrumentation, different measurement setups (time, temperature, pressure), and data analysis techniques are important topics. Also nanoscience and biological physics applications as well as beam time application at synchrotron facilities are discussed.

The course includes also measurements with the setups available at the Department of Physics.

Credits

Exercises (1/3), home exam (1/3) ja final exam (1/3)

Topics for home exam 2011 

Course books

• Cullity and Stock: Elements of x-ray diffraction
• J. Als-Nielsen and D. McMorrow: Elements of modern x-ray physics
• Feigin, L.A. and Svergun, D.I. (1987). Structure analysis by small-angle X-ray and neutron scattering. New York: Plenum Press. http://www.embl-hamburg.de/ExternalInfo/Research/Sax/reprints/feigin_svergun_1987.pdf

Additional useful material

• Glatter, O. & Kratky, O. (1982). Small Angle X-ray Scattering. London: Academic Press. PDF-version from University of Graz
• B. Hammoudan SANS-opas  http://www.ncnr.nist.gov/staff/hammouda/the_SANS_toolbox.pdf
• Guinier, A. & Fournet, G. (1955). Small-Angle Scattering of X-rays. London/New York: Chapman & Hall/John Wiley.
• Guinier A.  (1963). X-ray diffraction.
• Balta-Calleja and Vonk: X-ray scattering of Synthetic Polymers
• Hosemann R and Bagchi S.N. (1972). Direct analysis of diffraction by matter. North-Holland Publishing Company, Amsterdam

Lecture notes 2011 (html)

Exercises 2011 (html)

Links

Tutorials and textbooks in www

Data bases 

• Scattering factors and absorption coefficients 
• Reflectivity
• XRD and powder diffraction data 
• Crystal structures
  
• X-ray scattering intensity curves of weakly ordered materials
• Absorption spectroscopy EXAFS and XANES: experimental data

Computer programs

Software for data analysis and modelling  (XRD, SAXS, surface scattering, XAFS, imaging)