After Crane, 1996-1999 [“The Tree of Life”], Cleal & Rees, 2003 and Cleal & Shute, 2003
<==o Spermatopsida [paraphyletic Pteridospermopsida] (Seedplants; siemenkasvit) |?- †Sphenopteris tenuis Schenk |?- †Alethopteris norinii Halle |?- †Emplectopteris triangularis Halle |?- †Irania [a czekanowskialean?] |?-o †Pecopteris | `-- †P. wongii Halle |?- †Eremopteris (Bertrand) Kidston |-- †Calamopityaceae |-- †Hydraspermaceae [Lyginopteridales] `--+--o †Lyginopteridaceae [Lyginopteridales] | `-- †Lyginopteris |?-o †Nystroemia Halle, 1927 emend. Hilton & Li, 2003 [reproductory parts] [incl. ?Chiropteris reniformis Kawasaki; Saportoea nervosa Halle (leaves?)] | |-- †N. pectiniformis Halle, 1927 emend. Hilton & Li, 2003 | `-- †N. uniseriata Lan & Li, in Li & Lan, 1982 `--+-- †Medullosales [Medullosacaea] `--+--o †Caytoniaceae Thomas, 1925 [Caytoniales] | |-- †Caytonia | |-- †Ceytonanthus [synangia] | `--o †Sagenopteris Presl, in Sternberg, 1838 emend. Rees, 1993b | |-- †S. colpodes Harris, 1940 emend. Harris, 1964 | `-- †S. nilssoniana (Brongniart) [incl. S. rhoifolia Presl; S. semicordata Presl; S. acuminata Presl; S. diphylla Presl] |-- †Peltaspermales |-- †Gigantonomiaceae [=? “Gigantopterids”] |?- †“Gigantopterids” |-- †Czekanowskiales [Czekanowskiaceae] |--o †Callistophytales | `-- †Callistophytaceae |--o †Glossopteridophyta | `-- †Glossopteridaceae (kielisaniaiset; glossopterids) |-- Cycadales [Cycadophyta] (cycads; käpypalmut) |-- Ginkgoales [Ginkgoopsida] (neidonhiuspuut; ginkgos) |-- Coniferophyta [Pinophyta] (havupuumaiset siemenkasvit; conifer-like plants) `--o Gneticea [Chlamydospermopsida] |-- †Pentoxylales |-- †Cycadeoidales [Bennettitales] (cycadeloidit; cycadeloids) |-- Gnetales Luerss, 1879 `-- Angiospermophytina [Magnoliophyta] (kukkakasvit)
Reference(s):
- Cleal, C. J. & Rees, P. M., 2003: The Middle Jurassic Flora from Stonesfield, Oxfordshire, UK.
–Palaeontology: Vol. 46, #4, pp. 739-801 - Cleal, C. J. & Shute, C. H., 2003: Systematics of the Late Carboniferous medullosalean pteridosperm Laveineopteris and its associated Cyclopteris leaves.
–Palaeontology: Vol. 46, #2, pp. 353-411 - Crane, P., 1996-1999: Spermatopsida – Seed Plants.
–iNet: The Tree of Life: http://tolweb.org/tree/ - Donoghue, M. J., 1996-1998: Gnetales.
–iNet: The Tree of Life: http://tolweb.org/tree/ - Glasspool, I., Hilton, J., Collinson, M. E. & Wang, S.-J., 2004: Defining the gigantopterid concept: a reinvestigation of Gigantopteris (Megalopteris) nicotianaefolia Schenk ans its taxonomic implications.
–Palaeontology: Vol. 47, #6, pp. 1339-1361 - Hilton, J. & Li, C.-S., 2003: Reinvestigation of Nystroemia pectiniformis Halle, an enigmatic seed plant from the Upper Permian of China.
–Palaeontology: Vol. 26, #1, pp. 29-51 - Parker, S. P. (ed.), 1982: Synopsis and classification of living organisms. Vols. 1 & 2
–McGrew-Hill Book Company