After Parker, 1982, Clowes, 2002– ["Chris’s No-Frills Home Page"], Dzik, 2003, Zhang & Aldridge, 2007, and Liu, Shu, Han, Z. Zhang & X. Zhang, 2008
<==o Lobopodia Snodgrass, 1938 [Onychophora sensu lato] (käsnäjalkaiset; lobopods, velvet worms) `==o †Microdictyoniida [Protonychophora Hutchinson, 1930] (Cambrian lobopods; kambrikäsnäjalkaiset) [paraphyletic assemblage of basal Onychophora-like proarthropods? (Dzik, 2003)] |?- †Facivermis yunnanicus (transional form between pripulid/palaeoscolecid worms and lobopods??) |-- †Luolishania longicruris Hou & Chen, 1989 [Archonychophora Hou & Bergström, 1995: Luolishaniidae Hou & Bergström, 1995] |-- †Onychodictyon feroxHou, Ramsköld & Bergström, 1991 [†Paronychophora Hou & Bergström, 1995: †Onychodyctyidae Hou & Bergström, 1995] |-- †Paucipodia inermis Chen, Zhou & Ramsköld, 1995 |--+--o †Cheronychophora Hou & Bergström, 1995 | | |-- †Cardiodictyon catenulum Hou, Ramsköld & Bergström, 1991 [†Cardiodyctyidae Hou & Bergström, 1995] | | |--o †Hallucigeniidae Conway Morris, 1977 | | | `--o †Hallucigenia Conway Morris, 1977 [†Hallucigena; †Hallucinogenia] | | | |-- †H. sparsa Conway Morris, 1977 [M.Camb.] | | | `-- †H. fortis Hou & Bergström, 1995 [E.Camb.] | | `--o †Eoconchariidae Hou & Shu, 1987 [Eoconchariidae Shu & Chen, 1988; Microdictyonidae Chen, Hou & Lu, 1989] | | |-- †Fusuconcharium typicum Hao & Shu, 1987 [incl. Fusuconcharium minimum Hao & Shu, 1987] [sclerites] | | |--o †Quadratapora Hao & Shu, 1987 [sclerites] | | | |-- †Q. zhenbaensis Hao & Shu, 1987 | | | `-- †Q. tenuiporatum (Bengston, Matthews & Missarzhevsky, 1986) [Microdictyon tenuiporatum Bengston, Matthews & Missarzhevsky, 1986] | | `--o †Microdictyon Bengston, Matthews & Missarzhevsky in Missarzhevsky & Mambetov, 1981 [Eoconcharium] | | |-- †M. chinense (Hao & Shu, 1987) [Eoconcharium chinense Hao & Shu, 1987; Eoconcharium ovalum Hao & Shu, 1987; Eoconcharium spiniferum Hao & Shu, 1987; Eoconcharium rhomboidale Hao & Shu, 1987; Eoconcharium chinense Shu & Shen, 1988; Microdictyon anus Tong, 1989; Microdictyon chinense (Hao & Shu); Zhang & Aldridge, 2007] | | |-- †M. effusum Bengston, Matthews & Missarzhevsky in Missarzhevsky & Mambetov, 1981 | | |?- †M. rhomboidale Bengston, Matthews & Missarzhevsky, 1986 [Eoconcharium rhomboidale Hao & Shu, 1987] | | |-- †M. robisoni | | |-- †M. sinicum (Chen, Hou & Lu, 1989) | | |-- †M. sphaeroides | | |?- †M. depressum Bengston, 1990 | | `-- †M. jinshaense Zhang & Aldridge, 2007 | `--+--o †Xenusiida Dzik & Krumbiegel, 1989 | | `--o †Xenusiidae Dzik & Krumbiegel, 1989 [paraphyletic †Protonychophora Hutchinson, 1930] | | |-- †Hadranax augustus Budd & Peel, 1998 | | |-- †Jianshanopodia decora Liu, Shu, Han, Zhang & Zhang, 2006 | | `-- †Xenusion auerswaldae Pompeckj, 1927 | |?- †Mongolitubulus squamifer Missarzhevsky, 1977 [sclerites] | `-- Tardigrada Spallanzani, 1777 (water bears; karhukaiset) [are Aschelmithes ?? (Hou & Bergström, 1997)] `--+--+?- †Kerygmachela kierkegaardi Budd, 1993 [possibly an anomalocarid] | |?- †Pambdelurion whittingtoni Budd, 1997 [possibly an anomalocarid] | |?- †Miraluolishania haikouensis Liu & Shu, 2004 [possibly an anomalocarid] | |?-o †Megadictyon Luo & Hu, 1999 | | |-- †M. haikouensis | | `-- †M. cf. haikouensis Liu & Shu, 2007 | `--+-- †Radiodonta Collins, 1996 ["Anomalocaria"] (anomalocarids; anomalocaridit) | `-- Euarthropoda (true arthropods; aitoniveljalkaiset) `--+-- †Ayshenia pedunculata Walcott, 1911 [Aysheaiidae Walcott 1911] [paraphyletic †Protonychophora Hutchinson, 1930] `--o Udeonychophora Poinar, 2000 |--o †Ontonychophora Poinar, 2000 [paraphyletic?] | |-- †Helenodorus inopinata Thompson & Jones, 1980 [Carb. NAm.] [Helenodoridae] | |-- †Tertiapatus dominicanus Poinar, 2000 [Tert. Caribb.] [Tertiapatidae] | `-- †Succinipatopsis balticus Poinar, 2000 [Tert. Eu.] [Succinipatopsidae] `--o Onychophora Grube, 1853 [Euonychophora Hutchinson, 1930] (modern lobopods, velvet worms; nykykäsnäjalkaiset) [10 Recent genera?, 110 species? (90-140)] |-- Peripatidae Evans, 1902 (South American velvet worms; eteläamerikan käsnäjalkaiset) `-- Peripatopsidae Bouvier, 1907 (Australian and African velvet worms; Australian ja Afrikan käsnäjalkaiset)
Reference(s):
- Anonymous, 2002: Onychophora
–iNet: Systema Naturae 2000: http://sn2000.taxonomy.nl/Main/Classification/15765.htm - Clowes, C., 2002: Arthropoda
–iNet: Chris’s [Clowes] No-Frills Home Page: http://www.peripatus.gen.nz/Taxa/Arthropoda/Index.html - Clowes, C., 2002: Onychophora
–iNet: Chris’s [Clowes] No-Frills Home Page: http://www.peripatus.gen.nz/Taxa/Arthropoda/Onychophora.html - Dzik, J., 2003: Early Cambrian lobopodian sclerites and associated fossils from Kazakhstan.
–Palaeontology: Vol. 46, #1, pp. 93-112 - Liu, J., Shu, D., Han, J., Zhang, Z. & Zhang, X., 2008: Origin, diversification, and relationships of Cambrian lobopods.
–Gondwana Research: Vol. 14, pp. 277-283 [doi: 10.1016/j.gr.2007.10.001] - Liu, J., Shu, D., Han, J., Zhang, Z. & Zhang, X., 2006: A large xenusiid lobopod with complex appendages from the Lower Cambrian Chengjiang Lagerstätte.
–Acta Palaeontologica Polonica: Vol. 51, #2, pp. 215-222 [http://app.pan.pl/acta51/app51-215.pdf] - Parker, S. P. (ed.), 1982: Synopsis and classification of living organisms. Vols. 1 & 2
–McGrew-Hill Book Company - Zhang, X.-g. & Aldridge, R. J., 2007: Development and diversification of trunk plates of the lower Cambrian lobopodians.
–Palaeontology: Vol. 50, #2, pp. 401-415