After Parker, 1982, “The Tree of Life”, and Grimaldi & Engel, 2005
<==o Hemiptera Linnaeus, 1758 [incl. Homoptera & Heteroptera] (nivelkärsäiset; bugs, cicadas, whiteflies, aphids, etc.) |?- †Archiconiopteryx liasina (Handlirsch, 1906) [Archiconiopterygidae] |?- †Aviorrhyncha magnifica Nel et al., 2013 [Aviorrhynchidae Nel et al., 2013] |-- †Archescytinidae L.Perm.-U.Trias. |--+--o †Protopsyllidiidae U.Perm.-L.Cret. | | |-- Postopsyllidium emilyae | | `== other 29 genera and ~50 species | `-- Sternorrhyncha (kirvansukuiset; psyllids, whiteflies, aphids, coccids) `--+-- Auchenorrhyncha (kaskaansukuiset; cicadas, leafhoppers, treehoppers, fulgoroids) `--o Heteropteroidea Schlee, 1969a |--o Coleorrhyncha | |-- †Progonocimicidae | `--+-- †Karabasia evansi [†Karabasiidae] U.Jur. CAs. | |-- †Hoploridium [†Hoploridiidae] L.Cret. CAs.(?) | `--o Peloridiidae | |-- Peloridora | `== other 12 recent genera `-- Heteroptera (true bugs; luteet)
Reference(s):
- Grimaldi, D. A. & Engel, M. S., 2005: Evolution of the Insects.
–Cambridge University Press, New York, 2005, xv-755 - Lahti, S., Malmström, K. K., Koli, L., Leikola, A., Syrjämäki, J. & Lahti, J., 1980: Zoo, Suuri Eläinkirja 6: Selkärangattomat.
–Werner Söderström Osakeyhtiö, Porvoo-Helsinki-Juva, 1980.
Original work [in French]: Beaut, Du Monde Animal XI & XII Invertébrés.
–Rizzoli Editore, Milano, 1968 - Maddison, D. R., 1995-1998: Neoptera.
–iNet: The Tree of Life Project: http://www.tolweb.org/tree?group=Neoptera&contgroup=Pterygota - Nel, A., Roques, P., Nel, P., Prokin, A. A., Bourgoin, T., Prokop, J., Szwedo, J., Azar, D., Desutter-Grandcolas, L., Wappler, T., Garrouste, R., Coty, D., Huang, D., Engel, M. S. & Kirejtshuk, A. G., 2013: The earliest known holometabolous insects.
–Nature: Vol. 503, #7475, pp. 257-261 [doi: 10.1038/nature12629] - Parker, S. P. (ed.), 1982: Synopsis and classification of living organisms. Vols. 1 & 2
–McGrew-Hill Book Company