After Carroll, 1988, Battail & Surkov, 2000, and (partially) Botha, Abdala & Smith, 2007
<==o †Therocephalia Broom, 1903 [paraphyletic] |?- †Nanictops; U.Perm. SAf. [=? Nanictosaurus??] [Nanictodopsidae] |?- †Crapartinella croucheri Mendrez, 1975 [Crapartinellidae] |?- †Simorhinella baini Broom, 1915; M.Perm. SAf. [Simorhinellidae] |?- †Lycideops longiceps Broom, 1931 [Lycidopsidae] |?-o †Hofmeyriidae | |-- †Hofmeyria atavus | `--o †Ictidostoma [Ictidognathus] | |-- †I. hemburyi [Ictidognathus] | `-- †I. parvidens [Ictidognathus] |?-o †Pristerosauria Hopson & Berghusen, 1986 [paraphyletic?] | `--o Scylacosauridae Broom, 1903 [incl. Pristerognathidae] | |-- †Alopecodon priscus | |-- †Glanosuchus macrops Broom, 1904; M.Perm. SAf. | |-- †Ictidosaurus angusticeps Broom, 1903b; M.Perm. SAf. | |-- †Pardosuchus whaitsi | |--o †Pristerognathus | | |-- †P. polyodon | | `?- †P. platyrhinus | |--o †Scylacosaurus | | |-- †S. sclateri Tatarinov, 1968 | | `-- †S. orenburgensis | |-- †Hexacynodon purlinensis Tatarinov, 1974 | `-- †Porosteugnathus efremovi Vjuschkov, 1955 |-- †Cyonosaurus longiceps `--+--o †Lycosuchus Broom, 1903 [Lycosuchidae] | |-- †L. vanderrieti Broom, 1903 | |?- †L. mackayi Broom, 1903 | `?- †L. kayseri van der Heever, 1987 [nomen nudum] `--o †Eutherocephalia Hopson & Berghusen, 1986 [incl.? Scaloposauria Boonstra, 1953] |?-o †Ericolacertidae [treated as Scaloposaurids by Colbert & Kitching (1981)] | |?- †Pedaeosaurus parvus Colbert & Kitching, 1981; L.Trias. Ant. | `-- †Ericiolacerta parva Watson, 1931; L.Trias. SAf. Ant. |--+-- Cynodontia Owen, 1861 (cynodonts; kynodontit (“koiranhampaiset”)) | `--o †Whaitsiidae | |--o †Moschowhaitsiinae | | |-- †Moschowhaitsia vjuschkovi Tatarinov, 1963 | | `-- †Viatkosuchus sumini Tatarinov, 1995 | `--o †Whaitsiinae | `--o †Theriognathus [Alopecopsis; Aneugomphius; Hyenosaurus; Notaelurops; Notosollasia; Whaitsia] | |-- †T. laticeps [Notosollasia laticeps] | `-- †T. major (Broom, 1920) [Whaitsia major Broom, 1920] `--o †Therocephalia Broom, 1903 sensu stricto [“All theriodonts closer to Bauria than Mammalia”] |--o †Moschorhinidae Brick, 1959 [Euchambersiidae Hopson & Berghusen, 1986; Akidnognathidae] | |-- †Akidnognathus parvus Brink, 1960 | |-- †Promoschorhynchus platyrhinus Brink, 1954 | |--o †Annatherapsinae Kuhn, 1961 | | |-- †Annatherapsidus petri (Amalitskii, 1922) Kuhn, 1961 [Anna petri Amalitskii, 1922, Annatherapsidus Kuhn, 1961] | | `-- †Chthonosaurus velocidens Vjuschkov, 1955 | |--o †Euchambersiinae | | `-- †Euchambersia | `--o †Moschorhininae | `-- †Moschorhinus [?Tigisuchus; Cerdops; Hewittia; Oliveria parringtoni] `--o †Scaloposauria |?-o †Scaloposauridae [Scaleposauridae lapsus calami] | |-- †Nanictocephalus richardi Broom, 1940; U. Perm. SAf. [Nanicticephalus (lapsus calami)] | |-- †Scaloposaurus constrictus Owen, 1876; U. Perm. SAf. | |--o †Tetracynodon [?Homodontosaurus] U. Perm. L. Trias. SAf. | | |-- †T. tenuis Broom & Robinson, 1948 [Homodontosaurus kitchingi Broom, 1949] | | `-- †T. darti (Sigogneau 1963) | |-- †Scalopolacerta hoffmani [Scaloposaurus hoffmani] L. Trias. SAf. | `?- †Zorillodontops gracilis Cluver, 1969; L. Trias. SAf. `--o †Baurioidea Broom, 1911 [Ictidosauria; Bauriamorpha Watson & Romer, 1956] |?- †Scapolognathus multituberculatus Tatarinov, 1974 |?- †Dongusaurus schepetovi Vjuschkov, 1964 |--o †Ictidosuchopsidae Hopson & Berghusen, 1986 [Ictidosuchidae] | |?- †Rhigosaurus glacialis Colbert & Kitching, 1981; L.Trias. Ant. | |--o †Ictidosuchus | | |-- †I. angusticeps | | `-- †I. primaevus | |-- †Ictidosuchoides longiceps Broom, 1940 | |-- †Ictidosuchops intermedius (Crompton, 1955) [Ictidosuchoides intermedius] | |-- †Silphoictidoides | |-- †Silphedosuchus orenburgensis Tatarinov, 1977 | `-- †Regisaurus jacobi Mendrez, 1972; L.Trias. SAf. `--o †Bauridae Broom, 1911 |--o †Nothogomphodontinae Tatarinov, 1974 | `-- †Nothogomphodon danilovi Tatarinov, 1974 `--o †Bauriinae |-- †Antecosuchus ochevi Tatarinov, 1973 |-- †Traversodontoides wangwuensis `--o †Bauria [Baurioides; Melinodon; Microgomphodon; Sesamodon; Watsoniella] |-- †B. cynops `-- †B. browni [Sesamondon browni]
Therocephalia incertae sedis:
†Scymnosaurus watsoni
†Trochosaurus dirus Broom, 1935
Reference(s):
- Abdala, F., Rubidge, B. S. & van der Heever, J., 2008: The oldest therocephalians (Therapsida, Eutheriodontia) and the early diversification of Therapsida.
–Palaeontology: Vol. 51, #4, pp. 1011-1024 [doi: 10.1111/j.1475-4983.2008.00784.x] - Battail, B. & Surkov, M. V., 2000: Mammal-like reptiles from Russia. 86-119
in Benton, M. J., Shishkin, M. A., Unvin, D. M. & Kurochkin, E. N., (eds.) 2000: The Age of Dinosaurs in Russia and Mongolia.
–Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2000, xxxix-696 - Botha, J., Abdala, F. & Smith, R., 2007: The oldest cynodont: new clues on the origin and early diversification of the Cynodontia.
–Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society: Vol. 149, #2, pp. 477-492 - Broom, R., 1936: I–On the structure of the skull in the mammal-like reptiles of the suborder Therocephalia.
–Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London: Vol. 226, #529, pp. 1-42 - Carroll, R. L., 1988: Vertebrate paleontology and evolution.
–W. H. Freeman and company, New York, 1988, 698 - Carroll, R. L., 1988: Appendix. 594-648.
in Carroll, R. L. 1988: Vertebrate paleontology and evolution.
–W. H. Freeman and company, New York, 1988, 698 - Colbert, E. H. & Kitching, J. W., 1981: Scaloposaurian reptiles from the Triassic of Antarctica.
–American Museum Novitates: #2709, pp. 1-22 - Kemp, T. S., 1972: Whaitsiid Therocephalia and the origin of cynodonts.
–Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London (Biology): Vol. 264, #857, pp. 1-54 - Sigurdsen, T., 2006: New features of the snout and orbit of a therocephalian therapsid from South Africa.
–Acta Palaeontologica Polonica: Vol. 51, #1, pp. 63-75 [http://www.app.pan.pl/acta51/app51-063.pdf]
Special thanks to:
Jos H. M. Dols, for gathering additional information and species.