After McKenna & Bell, 1997, with Recent species from Nowak, 1991
Alternative phylogeny after Carstens, Lunddrigan & Myers, 2002
<==o Phyllostomatidae Gray, 1825 [Phyllostomidae] [incl. Desmodontidae] (leikot, pitkäkielilepakot & verivampyyrit) |?- †Vampyravus orientalis Schlosser, 1910 [Provampyrus orientalis (Schlosser, 1910) Schlosser, 1911] |-- Phyllostominae Gray, 1825 (leikot) `--+-- Glossophaginae [incl. Phyllonycterinae, Brachyphyllinae, Glossophaginae and Choeronycterinae] (pitkäkielileikot, kukkaleikot) `--+-- Stenodermatinae Gervais, 1856 [incl. Carolliinae and Stenodermatinae] ()? `-- Desmodontinae [Desmodontidae] (vampire bats; vampyyrit)
After Carstens, Lunddrigan & Myers, 2002<==o Phyllostomidae Gray, 1825 |--+-- Desmodontinae | `--+--o Brachyphylla [Brachyphylliinae] | | |-- B. cavernarum | | `-- B. nana | `--o Phyllonycterinae | |--o Erophylla | | |-- E. bombifrons | | `-- E. sezekorni | `--o Phyllonycteris | |-- †P. major | |-- P. obtusa | |-- P. poeyi | `-- P. aphylla `--+== Phyllostominae [paraphyletic] |== Stenodermatinae [paraphyletic] `--o Glossophaginae |--o Lonchophyllini [Lonchophyllinae] ()? | |-- Platalina genovensium | `--+-- Lionycteris spurrelli | `-- Lonchophylla `--+--o Glossophagini | |--o Glossophaga | | |--+-- G. soricina | | | `-- G. leachii | | |-- G. commissarisi | | |-- G. morenoi | | `-- G. longirostris | `--+--o Monophyllus | | |-- M. redmani | | `-- M. plethodon | `--o Leptonycteris | |-- L. sanborni [= L. yerbabuenae] | `--+-- L. nivalis | `-- L. curasoae `--o Choeronycterini |--o Anoura | |-- A. latidens | `--+-- A. caudifer | `--+-- A. geoffroyi | `-- A. cultrata `--+-- Lichonycteris obscura |-- Hylonycteris underwoodi `--+-- Scleronycteris ega |--+-- Choeronycteris mexicana | `-- Musonycteris harrisoni `--o Choeroniscus |-- C. godmani |-- C. minor |-- C. intermedius `-- C. periosus Reference(s):
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Reference(s):
- Carstens, B., Lunddrigan, B. L. & Myers, P., 2002: A Phylogeny of the Neotropical Nectar-Feeding Bats (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae) Based on Morphological and Molecular Data.
–Journal of Mammalian Evolution: Vol. 9, #1/2, pp. 23-53 - McKenna, M. C. & Bell, S. K., (eds.) 1997: Classification of mammals – above the species level.
–Columbia University Press, New York, 1997, xii-631 - Nowak, R. M., 1991: Walker's Mammals of the World; Part 1.
–The Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore and London, 1991, xlviii-642-lxiii - Nowak, R. M., 1991: Walker's mammals of the World; Part 2.
–The Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore and London, 1991, xii-643-1629 - Simmons, N. B., Voss, R. S. & Fleck, D. W., 2002: A new Amazonian species of Micronycteris (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae) with notes on the roosing behavior of sympatric congeners.
–American Museum Novitates: #3358, pp. 1-14