After Wyss & Flynn, 1993, McKenna & Bell, 1997, Alroy, 2002, Wesley-Hunt & Flynn, 2005, Wesley-Hunt & Werdelin, 2005, and Spaulding, Flynn & Stucky, 2010, with some species from the “Paleobiology Database”
<==o Carnivoramorpha Wyss & Flynn, 1993 [Carnivora sensu lato] |?- †Eosictis avinoffi Scott 1945 |?- †Elmensius Kretzoi, 1929 |?- †Intyrictis vanvaleni (MacIntyre, 1966) Gingerich & Winkler, 1985 [Bryanictis vanvaleni MacIntyre, 1966] |?- †Notoamphicyon Ameghino, 1904 |?- †Ravenictis krausei Fox & Youzwyshyn, 1994; L.Paleoc. NA. [listed as a cimolestan by McKenna & bell, 1997] `--+-- †Viverravidae Wortman & Matthew, 1899 [incl. Didymictidae] [Viverraroidea:] `==o †“Miacidae” Cope, 1883 [†“Miacoidea” Cope, 1883] [paraphyletic] |--o †Oodectes Wortman, 1901 [Oödectes Wortman, 1901; Paeneprolimnocyon Guthrie, 1967] | |-- †O. herpestoides Wortman, 1901 [Oodectes proximus Matthew, 1909; Paeneprolimnocyon amissadomus Guthrie, 1967] | |-- †O. jepseni Guthrie, 1967 [Paeneprolimnocyon iudei Guthrie, 1967] | `-- †O. pugnax (Wortman & Matthew, 1899) `--+--o †Vulpavus Marsh, 1871b [Phlaodectes] | |-- †V. palustris Marsh, 1871b | |-- †V. canavus (Cope, 1881) [Miacis brevirostris Cope, 1881] | |-- †V. completus Matthew, 1909 | |-- †V. ovatus Matthew, 1909d | |-- †V. profectus Matthew, 1909d | |-- †V. australis Matthew, 1915 [Vulpavus asius Gazin, 1952] | `-- †V. farsonensis Gunnell, 1998 `--+==o †Miacis Cope, 1872c [Mimocyon; Xinyuictis] [propably polyphyletic] | |?- †M. australis Gustafson, 1986 | |?- †M.? boqinghensis | |?- †“M.” cognitus | |?- †M. hargeri Wortman, 1901 | |?- †M. hookwayi Stock, 1934 | |?- †M. invictus | |?- †M. latidens Matthew, 1915 | |?- †M. latouri Matthew, 1909 | |?- †M. lushiensis | |?- †M. medius Matthew, 1909 | |-- †M. parvivorus Cope, 1872c [type] | |?- †M. petilus Gingerich, 1983 | |?- †M. thailandicus | |?- †M. washakius Wortman, 1901 | `?-+- †M. rosei Heinrich, Strait & Houde, 2008 | `--+-- †M. winkleri Wortman, 1901 | `--+-- †M. deutschi Gingerich, 1983 | `-- †M. exiguus Matthew, 1915 `--+-- †Dawsonicyon isami Spaulding, Flynn & Stucky, 2010; M.Eoc. WNAm. |--+--o †Tapocyon Stock, 1934 [taxonomic history] | | |-- †T. dawsonae Wesley & Flynn, 2003 [taxonomic history] | | `-- †T. robustus (Peterson, 1919) [taxonomic history] | `--+-- †“Miacis” uintensis | `--+-- †“Miacis” sylvestris Marsh, 1872 | |-- †Prohesperocyon wilsoni (Gustafson, 1986) Wang, 1994 | `--o †Procynodictis Wortman and Matthew 1899 [Plesiomiacis Simpson 1945] | |-- †P. progressus (Stock 1935) | `-- †P. vulpiceps Wortman & Matthew, 1899 [Miacis gracilis Clark 1939] `--+-- †Quergygale angustidens (Filhol, 1872) Kretzoi, 1945 sensu Wesley-Hunt & Werdelin, 2005 [Viverra angustidens Filhol, 1872; Humbertia Beaumont, 1966] [incl. Viverra hastingsae Davies, 1884; “Cynodon” helveticus (Rütimeyer, 1862)] `--o Carnivora Bowdich, 1821 sensu Wyss & Flynn, 1993 (sensu stricto) (carnivores; petoeläimet) |-- Aeluroidea (cat-like carnivores; kissamaiset petoeläimet) `-- Caniformia Kretzoi, 1943 (dog-like carnivores; koiramaiset petoeläimet)
Carnivoramorpha incertae sedis:
†“Miacoidea” Cope, 1883
†“Miacidae” Cope, 1883
†Chailicyon Chow, 1975
†Eostictis
†Messelogale kessleri
†Miocyon Bryant, 1992
†M. major (Matthew, 1909)
†M. scotti (Wortman & Matthew, 1899)
†M. magnus Bryant, 1992
†Paramiacis
†Paroodectes Springhorn, 1980
†Prodaphaemus Wortman, 1901
†Palaearctonyx meadi Matthew, 1909d
†Uintacyon Leidy, 1872d
?†U. acutus Thorpe, 1923
†U. asodes Gazin, 1952
†U. bathygnathous Scott, 1889
†U. gingerichi Heinrich, Strait & Houde, 2008
†U. edax Leidy, 1872d [type]
†U. jugulans Matthew, 1909
†U. major Matthew, 1909
†U. massetericus Cope, 1882
†U. rudis Leidy, 1872d
†U. vorax Leidy, 1872d
†Vassacyon Matthew, 1909 [Uintacyon Wortman & Matthew, 1899 (in partim); Prodaphenous Wortman, 1901 (in partim)]
†V. promicrodon (Wortman & Matthew, 1899)
†V. bowni Heinrich, Strait & Houde, 2008
†Xinyuictis tenius sensu Heinrich et al., 2008 [Miacis sensu Gingerich, 1983]
†Ziphacodon Marsh, 1872 (nomen dubium)
†Zodiocyon
Reference(s):
- Alroy, J., 2002: North American fossil mammal systematics database.
–iNet: North American fossil mammal systematics database: http://www.nceas.ucsb.edu/~alroy/nafmsd.html - Carroll, R. L., 1988: Vertebrate paleontology and evolution.
–W. H. Freeman and company, New York, 1988, 698. - Carroll, R. L., 1988: Appendix. 594-648.
in Carroll, R. L., 1988: Vertebrate paleontology and evolution.
–W. H. Freeman and company, New York, 1988, 698. - Gebo, D. L. & Rose, K. D., 1993: Skeletal morphology and locomotor adaptation in Prolimnocyon atavus, an Early Eocene hyaenodontid creodont.
–Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology: Vol. 13, #1, pp. 125-144 - Heinrich, R. E., Strait, S. G. & Houde, P., 2008: Earliest Eocene Miacidaqe (Mammalia: Carnivora) from northwestern Wyoming.
–Journal of Paleontology: Vol. 82, #1, pp. 154-162 - McKenna, M. C. & Bell, S. K., (eds.) 1997: Classification of mammals – above the species level.
–Columbia University Press, New York, 1997, xii-631 - Polly, P. D., Wesley-Hunt, G. D., Heinrich, R. E., Davis, G. & Houde, P., 2006: Earliest known carnivoran auditory bulla and support for a recent origin of crown-group Carnivora (Eutheria, Mammalia).
–Palaeontology: Vol. 49, #5, pp. 1019-1027 - Spaulding, M., Flynn, J. J. & Stucky, R. K., 2010: A new basal carnivoramorphan (Mammalia) from the ‘Bridger B’ (Black's Fork Member, Bridger Formation, Bridgerian NALMA, Middle Eocene) of Wyoming, USA.
–Palaeontology: Vol. 53, #4, pp. 815-832 [doi: 10.1111/j.1475-4983.2010.00963.x] - Wesley-Hunt, G. D. & Flynn, J. J., 2005: Phylogeny of the Carnivora: basal relationships among the Carnivoramorphans, and assessment of the position of ‘Miacoidea’ relative to Carnivora.
–Journal of Systematic Palaeontology: Vol. 3, #1, pp. 1-28 - Wesley, G. D. & Flynn, J. J., 2003: A revision of Tapocyon (Carnivoramorpha), including analysis of the first cranial specimens and identification of a new species.
–Journal of Paleontology: Vol. 77, #4, pp. 769-783 - Wesley-Hunt, G. D. & Werdelin, L., 2005: Basicranial morphology and phylogenetic position of the upper Eocene carnivoramorphan Quercygale.
–Acta Palaeontologica Polonica: Vol. 50, #4, pp. 837-846 [http://app.pan.pl/acta50/app50.837.pdf] - Wyss, A. R. & Flynn, J. J., 1993: A phylogenetic analysis and definition of the Carnivora. 32-52.
in Szalay, F. S., Novacek, M. J. & McKenna, M. C., (eds.) 1993: Mammal Phylogeny: Placentals.
–Springer-Verlag, New York, Berlin, Heidelberg, London, Paris, Tokio, Hong Kong, Barcelona, Budapest, 1993