After Wyss & Flynn, 1993, McKenna & Bell, 1997 and Ginsburg & Morales, 1998
<==o Ursoidea Flower, 1869 (bear-like carnivores; karhunsukuiset petoeläimet) |?- †Absonodaphoenus Olsen, 1958 [=? Cynelos (Amphicyonidae:)] |?- †Campylocynodon Chaffee, 1954 [=? Parictis] |?- †Harpaleocyon |?- †Metarctos |?- †Ursulus `--+--+-- †‘Miacis’ cognitus | `-- †Amphicyonidae Trouessart, 1885 (dorbears; koirakarhut) `--o Ursidae Fisher de Waldheim, 1817 non? Gray, 1825 sensu Ginsburg & Morales, 1998 and Astibia, Morales & Ginsburg, 2000 |--o †Phoberocyoninae Ginsburg & Morales, 1995 | |--o †Phoberogale Ginsburg & Morales 1995 | | |-- †P. bugtiensis (Cooper, 1923) | | `-- †P. shareri Wang et al. 2009 | `--+--o †Phoberocyon Ginsburg, 1955 | | |-- †P. aurelianensis (Mayet, 1908) [Amphicyon aurelianensis Mayet, 1908; Herpaleocyon aurelianensis (Mayet, 1908)] | | |-- †P. hispanicus Ginsburg & Morales, 1998 | | `-- †P. dehmi (Ginsburg, 1955) [Hemicyon dehmi Ginsburg, 1955; incl. Phoberocyon huerzeleri Ginsburg, 1955] | `--o †Plithocyon Ginsburg, 1955 | |-- †P. armagnacensis Ginsburg, 1955 | |-- †P. bruneti Ginsburg, 1980 | |-- †P. conquense Ginsburg & Morales, 1998 | `-- †P. antunesi Ginsburg & Morales, 1998 `==o †Hemicyoninae Frick, 1926 sensu Ginsburg & Morales, 1998 [Hemicyonidae sensu McKenna & Bell, 1997; Ursidae: Hemicyoninae & Agriotherinae] [paraphyletic sensu Ginsburg & Morales, 1998] |-- †Cephalogale geoffroyi Filhol, 1879; Jourdan, 1862 `--+-- †Zaragocyon daamsi Ginsburg & Morales, 1995 `--+--o †Hemicyoninae Frick, 1926 sensu stricto | |-- †Dinocyon thenardi Jourdan, 1861 | `--o †Hemicyon Lartet, 1851 [Herpaleocyon, Phoberocyon, Plithocyon] | |--o †H. sansaniensis Lartet, 1851 | | |-- †H. s. parvus Antunes & Ginsburg, 1995 | | `-- †H. s. sansaniensis Lartet, 1851 | |-- †H. goeriachensis | |-- †H. ursinus (Cope, 1875) | |-- †H. stehlini | |-- †H. teilhardi | |-- †H. gargan Ginsburg & Morales, 1998 | `-- †H. mayorali Astibia, Morales & Ginsburg, 2000 [Amphicyon major Blainville, Astibia, 1987; Hemicyon cf. sansaniensis Lartet, Astibia, 1987; Hemicyon sp. Fraile et al., 1997] `-- Ursidae Fisher de Waldheim, 1817 non? Gray, 1825 sensu McKenna & Bell, 1997 [Ursinae sensu Ginsburg & Morales, 1998 and Astibia, Morales & Ginsburg, 2000] (bears; karhut)
Reference(s):
- Astibia, H., Morales, J. & Ginsburg, L., 2000: Hemicyon mayorali nov. sp., Ursidae du Miocène moyen de Tarazona de Aragon (bassin de l'Ebre, Aragon, Espagne).
[Hemicyon mayorali nov. sp., an Ursidae from the Middle Miocene of Tarazona de Aragon (Ebre basin, Spain).]
–Annales de Paléontologie: Vol. 86, #1, pp. 69-79 - Carroll, R. L., 1988: Vertebrate paleontology and evolution.
–W. H. Freeman and company, New York, 1988, 698. - Carroll, R. L., 1988: Appendix. 594-648.
in Carroll, R. L., 1988: Vertebrate paleontology and evolution.
–W. H. Freeman and company, New York, 1988, 698. - Ginsburg, L. & Morales, J., 1998: Les Hemicyoninae (Ursidae, Carnivora, Mammalia) et les formes apparentées du Miocène inférieur et moyet d'Europe occidentale.
[Hemicyoninae (Ursidae, Carnivora, Mammalia) and the related taxa from Early and Middle Miocene of western Europe.]
–Annales de Paléontologie: Vol. 84, #1, pp. 71-123 - McKenna, M. C. & Bell, S. K., (eds.) 1997: Classification of mammals – above the species level.
–Columbia University Press, New York, 1997, xii-631 - Nowak, R. M., 1991: Walker's Mammals of the World; Part 1.
–The Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore and London, 1991, xlviii-642-lxiii - Nowak, R. M., 1991: Walker's mammals of the World; Part 2.
–The Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore and London, 1991, xii-643-1629 - Savage, R. J. G., 1978: Carnivora. 249-267
in Maglio, V. J. & Cooke, H. B. S., (eds.) 1978: Evolution of African Mammals.
–Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts, London, England, 1978, xiv-641 - Wang, Xiaoming, & Tedford, R. H., 1992: The status of genus Nothocyon Matthew, 1899 (Carnivora): An arctoid not a canid.
–Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology: Vol. 12, #2, pp. 223-229 - Wyss, A. R. & Flynn, J. J., 1993: A phylogenetic analysis and definition of the Carnivora. 32-52
in Szalay, F. S., Novacek, M. J. & McKenna, M. C., (eds.) 1993: Mammal phylogeny - Placentals.
–Springer-Verlag, New York, 1993