Mikko's Phylogeny Archive

PanicMain Groups of Placental Mammals

  Suidae: Listriodontinae - listriodonts  

 

After Cooke & Wilkinson, 1978, Hunter & Fortelius, 1994, Fortelius, van der Made & Bernor, 1996, McKenna & Bell, 1997, Pickford, 2001 and Pickfod & Morales, 2003 (fig. 18)

<==o †Listriodontinae Simpson, 1945 sensu Pickford & Morales, 2003 [non Gervais, 1859 sensu van der Made, 1996; non Roger, 1882; non Lydekker, 1884 sensu McKenna & Bell, 1997]
   |-- †Eurolistriodon adelli Pickford & Moya Sola, 1995
   `--o †Listriodon H. von Meyer, 1846 [incl. Bunolistriodon Arambourg, 1933] [paraphyletic]
      |-- †L. lockhardi Pomel, 1848 [Bunolistriodon lockhardi (Pomel, 1848)]
      |--+-- †L. retamaensis Pickford & Morales, 2003 [†Bunolistriodon aff. B. latidens]
      |  `--+-- †L. latidens Biedermann, 1873 [Bunolistriodon latidens (Biedermann, 1873)]
      |     `-- †L. meidamon (Fortelius, van der Made & Bernor, 1996) [Listriodon splendens michali Ciric & Thenius, 1959; Bunolistriodon meidamon Fortelius, van der Made & Bernor, 1996]
      |--+-- †L. akatikubas Wilkinson, 1976 sensu Picford & Morales, 2003 [= Bunolistriodon akatikubas (Wilkinson, 1976) sensu Fortelius, van der Made & Bernor, 1996]
      |  `--o †Lopholistriodon Pickford & Wilkinson, 1975
      |     |-- †L. akatidogus Wilkinson, 1976 [Listriodon akatidogus Wilkinson, 1976; Bunolistriodon akatidogus (Wilkinson, 1976)]
      |     |-- †L. kidogosana Pickford & Wilkinson, 1975
      |     `-- †L. moruoroti (Wilkinson, 1976)
      |--+-- †L. guptai [=? Bunolistriodon guptai] [=? Listriodon pentapotamiae (Falconier, 1868) sensu Pickford, 1988]
      |  `--+-- †L. pentapotamiae (Falconer, 1868) [L. theobaldi]
      |     `-- †L. intermedius (Liu & Lee, 1963) [Bunolistriodon  intermedius (Liu & Lee, 1963); Bunolistriodon robustus Yan Defa]
      `--o †L. splendens H. von Meyer, 1846 [incl. L. mongoliensis Colbert, 1934; L. lishanensis Lee & Wu, 1978; L. xinanensis Chen, 1986]
         |-- †L. s. tapirotherium Blainville, 1847
         `--+-- †L. s. splendens H. von Meyer, 1846
            `-- †L. s. major 

Other species of Listriodon/Bunolistriodon not treated by Pickford & Morales:

Bunolistriodon michaliListriodon juba Ginsburg, 1977
    †Listriodon bartulensis Pickford, 2001
    †Listriodon affinis [Bunolistriodon affinis]
    †Listriodon fategadensis [Bunolistriodon fategadensis]
    †Listriodon jeanneli Arambourg, 1933 [Bunolistriodon jeanneli (Arambourg, 1933); Kubanochoerus jeanneli(Arambourg, 1933)]

Note:

Taxonomy of listriodont pigs is quite a mess. The messiness is caused by different taxonomic approaches adopted by Jan van der Made and Martin Pickford. The whole mess culminates to the question is genus Bunolistriodon a valid taxon?. Pickford maintains that it is junior synonym of Listriodon, whereas van der Made treats it as a distinctive genus, separateable from Listriodon.

This tree represents Pickford & Morales view of Listriodontine evolution.

 

Reference(s):

Carroll, R. L., 1988: Vertebrate paleontology and evolution.
–W. H. Freeman and company, New York, 1988, 698

Carroll, R. L., 1988: Appendix. 594-648
in Carroll, R. L., 1988: Vertebrate paleontology and evolution.
–W. H. Freeman and company, New York, 1988, 698

Cooke, H. B. S. & Wilkinson, A. F., 1978: Suidae and Tayassuidae. 435-482.
in Maglio, V. J. & Cooke, H. B. S., (eds.) 1978: Evolution of African mammals.

--Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts & London, England, 1978, xiv-641

Fortelius, M., van der Made, J. & Bernor, R. L., 1996: A new Listriodont suid, Bunolistriodon meidamon sp. nov., from the Middle Miocene of Anatolia.
–Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology: Vol. 16, #1, pp. 149-164

Hunter, J. P. & Fortelius, M., 1994: Comperative dental occlusal morphology, facet development, and microwear in two sympatric species of Listriodon (Mammalia: Suidae) from the Middle Miocene of Western Anatolia (Turkey).
–Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology: Vol. 14, #1, pp. 105-126

McKenna, M. C. & Bell, S. K., (eds.) 1997: Classification of mammals – above the species level.
–Columbia University Press, New York, 1997, xii-631

Pickford, M., 2001: New species of Listriodon (Suidae, Mammalia) from Bartule, Member A, Ngorora Formation (ca 13 Ma) Tugen Hills, Kenya.
–Annales de Paléontologie: Vol. 87, #3, pp. 207-221

Pickford, M. & Morales, J., 2003: New Listriodontinae (Mammalia, Suidae) from Europe and a review of listriodont evolution, biostratigraphy and biogeography.
–Geodiversitas: Vol. 25, #2, pp. 347-404

 

© Mikko Haaramo,

/ Last updated 2003-08-23 / http://www.mv.helsinki.fi/home/mhaaramo