After McKenna & Bell, 1997, with Recent species from Nowak, 1991
<==o Giraffini Gray, 1893 [non Zittel, 1893] (aitokirahvit) |-- †Bohlinia [Orasius Oken, 1816] |-- †Honanotherium |-- †Mitilanotherium `--o Giraffa Brisson, 1756 [Camelopardalis Schreber, 1784; Orasius Oken, 1816] (kirahvit) |--+?- †G. priscella | |-- †G. punjabiensis | |-- †G. sivalensis [Camelopardalis affinis] | `?- †Honanotherium |-- †G. attica `-+?-+-- †G. stillei (Dietrich, 1941) [= Okapia stillei Dietrich, 1941] | |-- †G. gracilis Arambourg, 1947 | `-- †G. pygmaea Harris, 1976 `--+-- †G. jumae Leakey, 1965 `--o G. camelopardalis Brisson, 1756 (kirahvi; giraff) |-- G. c. camelopardalis (nubiankirahvi) |-- G. c. angolensis (angolankirahvi) |-- G. c. antiquorum (kordofamkirahvi) |-- G. c. giraffa (eteläafrikankirahvi) |-- G. c. peralta (länsiafrikankirahvi) |-- G. c. reticulata (verkkokirahvi) |-- G. c. rothschildi ()? |-- G. c. thornicrofti (thornocroftinkirahvi) `-- G. c. tippelskirchi (masaikirahvi)
Reference(s):
- Carroll, R. L., 1988: Vertebrate paleontology and evolution.
–W. H. Freeman and company, New York, 1988, 698. - Carroll, R. L., 1988: Appendix. 594-648.
in Carroll, R. L., 1988: Vertebrate paleontology and evolution.
–W. H. Freeman and company, New York, 1988, 698. - Churcher, C. S., 1978: Giraffidae. 509-535.
in Maglio, V. J. & Cooke, H. B. S., (eds.) 1978: Evolution of African mammals.
–Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts & London, England, 1978, xiv-641 - Hamilton, W. R., 1978: Cervidae and Palaeomerycidae. 495-508.
in Maglio, V. J. & Cooke, H. B. S., (eds.) 1978: Evolution of African mammals.
–Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts & London, England, 1978, xiv-641 - McKenna, M. C. & Bell, S. K., (eds.) 1997: Classification of mammals – above the species level.
–Columbia University Press, New York, 1997, xii-631 - Morales, J., Soria, D. & Pickford, M., 1999: New stem giraffoid ruminants from the early and middle Miocene of Namibia.
–Geodiversitas: Vol. 21, #2, pp. 229-253 [from abstract] - Nowak, R. M., 1991: Walker's Mammals of the World; Part 1.
–The Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore and London, 1991, xlviii-642-lxiii - Nowak, R. M., 1991: Walker's mammals of the World; Part 2.
–The Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore and London, 1991, xii-643-1629 - Pickford, M., Attia, Y. S. & Abd El Ghany, M. S., 2001: Discovery of Prolibytherium magnieri Arambourg, 1961 (Artiodactyla, Climacoceratidae) in Egypt.
–Geodiversitas: Vol. 23, #4, pp. 647-652 - Tchernov, E., Ginsburg, L., Tassy, P. & Goldsmith, N. F., 1987: Miocene mammals of the Negev (Israel).
–Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology: Vol. 7, #3, pp. 284-310