Mikko's Phylogeny Archive

Anguimorpha – Anguis-like lizards

After Rieppell, 1994, Evans & Barbadillo, 1998, Caldwell, 1999, and Conrad, 2006, with Recent species from Uetz, Etzold & Chenna, 1995– [“The Reptile Database” (former EMBL Reptile Database)

Alternative phylogeny after Conrad, Ast, Montanari & Norell, 2011

Alternative phylogeny after Evans, Raia & Barbera, 2006

Alternative phylogeny after Conrad, 2006

<==o Anguimorpha Fürbringer, 1900 [all autarchoglossans closer to Varanus & Anguis than Scincus]
   |?- †Eolacerta robusta Nöth, 1940 [however, see Lacertidae for alternative position]
   |?- †Paravaranus angustifrons Borsuk-Bialynicka, 1984 [Paravaranidae Borsuk-Bialynicka, 1984] 
   |-- Platynota Camp, 1923 (varaanintapaiset liskot; Varanus-like lizards)
   `--o Anguoidea Gray, 1825 [Anguioidea Fitzinger 1826] (vaskitsansukuiset liskot)
      |--o †Dorsetisaurus Hoffstetter, 1967 [Dorsetisauridae Hoffstetter, 1967]
      |  |-- †D. hebetidens Hoffstetter, 1967
      |  `-- †D. purbeckensis Hoffstetter 1967 [Introrsisaurus pollicidens Seiffert, 1975]
      |?- †Chometokadmon fitzingeri Costa, 1864 [incl. Lacerta brevicauda Costa, 1866 sensu D'Erasmo, 1915] L.Cret. SEu.
      |?- †Restes rugosus Gauthier, 1982
      `--o “Xenosauridae” sensu lato [paraphyletic]
         |-- †Oxia karakalpakiensis Nesov, 1985
         |--o Xenosauridae sensu stricto [Conrad, 2006] [Xenosauridae: Xenosaurinae]
         |  |--o †Exostinus Cope, 1873 [Harpagosaurus Gilmore, 1928; Prionosaurus Gilmore, 1928]
         |  |  |-- †E. lancensis Gilmore, 1928 [Harpagosaurus parvus Gilmore, 1928; Prionosaurus regularis Gilmore, 1928]
         |  |  `-- †E. serratus Cope, 1873
         |  `--o Xenosaurus Cope, 1867 [taxonomic history] (kyhmyliskot)
         |     |--o X. grandis (Gray, 1856) [taxonomic history]
         |     |  |-- X. g. rackhami Stuart, 1941
         |     |  |-- X. g. agrenon King & Thompson, 1968
         |     |  |-- X. g. arboreus Lynch & Smith, 1965
         |     |  |-- X. g. grandis (Gray, 1856)
         |     |  `-- X. g. sanmartinensis Werler & Shannon, 1961
         |     |-- X. newmanorum Taylor, 1949 [taxonomic history]
         |     |-- X. platyceps King & Thompson, 1968 [taxonomic history]
         |     |-- X. rectocollaris Smith & Iverson, 1993 [taxonomic history]
         |     `-- X. penai Pérez Ramos, de la Riva & Campbell, 2000 [taxonomic history]
         `--+--o Shinisauridae Ahl, 1930 sensu Conrad, 2006 [Xenosauridae: Shinisaurinae Ahl, 1930]
            |  |-- †Bahndwivici ammoskius Conrad, 2006; L.Eoc. WNAm.
            |  `-- Shinisaurus crocodilurus Ahl, 1930; R. SEAs. (Chinese crocodile lizard; kiinankyhmylisko)
            `--o Anguidae Gray, 1825 sensu Conrad & Norrell, 2008 [incl. Bainguidae Borsuk-Bialynicka, 1984; Anniellidae Boulenger, 1885; Diploglossidae Boucourt 1873] (vaskitsat)
               |?- †Bainguis parvus Borsuk-Bialynicka, 1984 [Bainguidae Borsuk-Bialynicka, 1984]
               |-- Diploglossidae Boucourt, 1873
               `-- Anguidae Gray, 1825

<==o Anguimorpha
   |-- †Eolacerta
   `--+-- †Dorsetisaurus
      `--+-- †Yabeinosaurus
         `--+--+-- Monstersauria
            |  `--+== Carusioidea
            |     `-- Anguidae
            `--o Platynota
               |--o Shinisauria
               |  |-- †Dalinghosaurus
               |  `--+-- †Merkurosaurus
               |     `--o Shinisauridae
               |        |-- †Bahndwivici
               |        `-- Shinisaurus
               `--o Varanoidea (sensu lato)
                  |-- †Parasaniwa
                  `--+-- †Parviderma
                     `-- Varanoidea (sensu stricto)

<==o Anguimorpha
   |-- †Parviraptor
   `--+--o †Dorsetisauridae
      |  `-- †Dorsetisaurus
      `--+-- †Chometokadmon
         `--+-- Xenosauridae
            `--+-- Anguidae
               `-- Platynota

<==o Anguimorpha
   |--o †Carusiidae
   |  `-- †Carusia
   `--+-- †Restes
      |--o Xenosauridae
      |  |-- †Exostinus
      |  `-- Xenosaurus
      `--+--+-- †Peltosaurus
         |  `-- Anguidae
         `--o Platynota
            |--o Shinisauria
            |  `--o Shinisauridae
            |     |-- †Bahndwivici
            |     `-- Shinisaurus
            `--+-- †Parasaniwa
               `--+-- †Parviderma
                  `-- Varanoidea

Reference(s):

• Alifanov, V. R., 2016: Lizards of the family Hodzhakuliidae (Scincomorpha) from the lower Cretaceous of Mongolia.
  –Paleontological Journal: Vol. 50, #5, pp. 504-513 [doi: 10.1134/s0031030116050038]
• Caldwell, M. W., 1999: Squamate phylogeny and the relationships of snakes and mosasauroids.
  –Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society; Vol. 125, pp. 115-147
• Carroll, R. L., 1988: Vertebrate paleontology and evolution.
  –W. H. Freeman and company, New York, 1988, 698
• Carroll, R. L., 1988: Appendix. 594-648.
  in Carroll, R. L. 1988: Vertebrate paleontology and evolution.
  –W. H. Freeman and company, New York, 1988, 698
• Conrad, J. L., 2006: An Eocene shinisaurid (Reptilia, Squamata) from Wyoming, U.S.A.
  –Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology: Vol. 26, #1, pp. 113-126
• Evans, S. E. & Barbadillo, J., 1997: Early Cretaceous lizards from Las Hoyas, Spain.
  –Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society: Vol. 119, #1, pp. 23-49.
• Evans, S. E., Raia, P. & Barbera, C., 2006: The lower Cretaceous lizard genus Chometokadmon from Italy.
  –Cretaceous Research: Vol. 27, pp. 673-683
• Müller, J., 2001: Osteology and relationships of Eolacerta robusta, a lizard from the Middle Eocene of Germany (Reptilia, Squamata).
  –Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology: Vol. 21, #2, pp. 261-278
• Rieppel, O. 1994: The Lepidosauromorpha: an overview with special emphasis on the Squamata. 23-37.
  in Fraser, N. C. & Sues, H-D. 1994: In the Shadow of the Dinosaurs.
  –Cambridge University Press, New York. 1994
• Uetz, P., Etzold, T. & Chenna, R. (eds.), 1995-2000: The Reptile Database [former “EMBL Reptile Database”].
  –iNet: http://www.reptile-database.org/