Mikko's Phylogeny Archive

Anguimorpha – Anguis-like lizards

Main Groups of Reptiles

After Rieppell, 1994, Evans & Barbadillo, 1998, Caldwell, 1999, and Conrad, 2006, with Recent species from Uetz, Etzold & Chenna, 1995-2000 [“The TIGR Reptile Database ” (former EMBL Reptile Database)]

Alternative phylogeny after Evans, Raia & Barbera, 2006

Alternative phylogeny after Conrad, 2006

<==o Anguimorpha Fürbringer, 1900 [all autarchoglossans closer to Varanus & Anguis than Scincus]
   |?- †Eolacerta robusta Nöth, 1940 [however, see Lacertidae for alternative position]
   |?- †Paravaranus angustifrons Borsuk-Bialynicka, 1984 [Paravaranidae Borsuk-Bialynicka, 1984] 
   |-- Platynota Camp, 1923 (varaanintapaiset liskot; Varanus-like lizards)
   `--o Anguoidea (vaskitsansukuiset liskot)
      |-- †Dorsetisaurus Hoffstetter, 1967 [Dorsetisauridae Hoffstetter, 1967]
      |?- †Chometokadmon fitzingeri Costa, 1864 [incl. Lacerta brevicauda Costa, 1866 sensu D'Erasmo, 1915] L.Cret. SEu.
      |?- †Hodzhakulia Nesov, 1985 [Hodzhakuliidae Alifanov, 1993]
      |?- †Restes rugosus
      `--o “Xenosauridae” sensu lato [paraphyletic]
         |-- †Oxia karakalpakiensis Nesov, 1985
         |--o Xenosauridae sensu stricto [Conrad, 2006] [Xenosauridae: Xenosaurinae]
         |  |--o †Exostinus [Harpagosaurus, Prionosaurus]
         |  |  |-- †E. lancensis
         |  |  `-- †E. serratus
         |  `--o Xenosaurus Cope, 1867 [taxonomic history] (kyhmyliskot)
         |     |--o X. grandis (Gray, 1856) [taxonomic history]
         |     |  |-- X. g. rackhami Stuart, 1941
         |     |  |-- X. g. agrenon King & Thompson, 1968
         |     |  |-- X. g. arboreus Lynch & Smith, 1965
         |     |  |-- X. g. grandis (Gray, 1856)
         |     |  `-- X. g. sanmartinensis Werler & Shannon, 1961
         |     |-- X. newmanorum Taylor, 1949 [taxonomic history]
         |     |-- X. platyceps King & Thompson, 1968 [taxonomic history]
         |     |-- X. rectocollaris Smith & Iverson, 1993 [taxonomic history]
         |     `-- X. penai Pérez Ramos, de la Riva & Campbell, 2000 [taxonomic history]
         `--+--o Shinisauridae Ahl, 1930 sensu Conrad, 2006 [Xenosauridae: Shinisaurinae Ahl, 1930]
            |  |-- †Bahndwivici ammoskius Conrad, 2006; L.Eoc. WNAm.
            |  `-- Shinisaurus crocodilurus Ahl, 1930; R. SEAs. (Chinese crocodile lizard; kiinankyhmylisko)
            `--+--o Anniella Gray, 1852 [Anniellidae] (rengasliskot)
               |  |-- A. geronimensis Shaw, 1940 [taxonomic history]
               |  `--o A. pulchra Gray, 1852 [taxonomic history]
               |     |-- A. p. pulchra Gray, 1852
               |     `-- A. p. nigra Fischer, 1885
               `-- Anguidae Gray, 1825 [incl. Bainguidae Borsuk-Bialynicka, 1984] (vaskitsat)

Alternative phylogeny after Evans, Raia & Barbera, 2006

<==o Anguimorpha Fürbringer, 1900
   |-- †Parviraptor
   `--+-- †Dorsetisaurus Hoffstetter, 1967 [Dorsetisauridae Hoffstetter, 1967]
      `--+-- †Chometokadmon fitzingeri Costa, 1864 [incl. Lacerta brevicauda Costa, 1866 sensu D'Erasmo, 1915] L.Cret. SEu.
         `--+-- Xenosauridae
            `--+-- Anguidae Gray, 1825 [incl. Bainguidae Borsuk-Bialynicka, 1984] (vaskitsat)
               `-- Platynota Camp, 1923 (varaanintapaiset liskot; Varanus-like lizards)

Alternative phylogeny after Conrad, 2006

<==o Anguimorpha Fürbringer, 1900 [all autarchoglossans closer to Varanus & Anguis than Scincus]
   |-- †Carusia [†Carusiidae Borsuk-Bialynicka, 1987]
   `--+-- †Restes rugosus
      |--o Xenosauridae sensu stricto [Conrad, 2006] [Xenosauridae: Xenosaurinae]
      |  |-- †Exostinus [Harpagosaurus, Prionosaurus]
      |  `-- Xenosaurus Cope, 1867 [taxonomic history] (kyhmyliskot)
      `--+--+-- †Peltosaurus
         |  `-- Anguidae Gray, 1825 [incl. Bainguidae Borsuk-Bialynicka, 1984] (vaskitsat)
         `--o Platynota Camp, 1923 (varaanintapaiset liskot; Varanus-like lizards)o
            |--o Shinisauria Conrad, 2006
            |  `--o Shinisauridae Ahl, 1930 sensu Conrad, 2006 [Xenosauridae: Shinisaurinae Ahl, 1930]
            |     |-- †Bahndwivici ammoskius Conrad, 2006; L.Eoc. WNAm.
            |     `-- Shinisaurus crocodilurus Ahl, 1930; R. SEAs. (Chinese crocodile lizard; kiinankyhmylisko)
            `--+-- †Parasaniwa
               `--+-- †Parviderma
                  `-- Varanoidea Camp, 1923

Reference(s):

• Caldwell, M. W., 1999: Squamate phylogeny and the relationships of snakes and mosasauroids.
  –Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society; Vol. 125, pp. 115-147
• Carroll, R. L., 1988: Vertebrate paleontology and evolution.
  –W. H. Freeman and company, New York, 1988, 698
• Carroll, R. L., 1988: Appendix. 594-648.
  in Carroll, R. L. 1988: Vertebrate paleontology and evolution.
  –W. H. Freeman and company, New York, 1988, 698
• Conrad, J. L., 2006: An Eocene shinisaurid (Reptilia, Squamata) from Wyoming, U.S.A.
  –Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology: Vol. 26, #1, pp. 113-126
• Evans, S. E. & Barbadillo, J., 1997: Early Cretaceous lizards from Las Hoyas, Spain.
  –Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society: Vol. 119, #1, pp. 23-49.
• Evans, S. E., Raia, P. & Barbera, C., 2006: The lower Cretaceous lizard genus Chometokadmon from Italy.
  –Cretaceous Research: Vol. 27, pp. 673-683
• Müller, J., 2001: Osteology and relationships of Eolacerta robusta, a lizard from the Middle Eocene of Germany (Reptilia, Squamata).
  –Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology: Vol. 21, #2, pp. 261-278
• Rieppel, O. 1994: The Lepidosauromorpha: an overview with special emphasis on the Squamata. 23-37.
  in Fraser, N. C. & Sues, H-D. 1994: In the Shadow of the Dinosaurs.
  –Cambridge University Press, New York. 1994
• Uetz, P., Etzold, T. & Chenna, R. (eds.), 1995-2000: The TIGR Reptile Database [former “EMBL Reptile Database”.].
  –iNet: http://www.reptile-database.org/

 

© Mikko Haaramo, | http://www.helsinki.fi/~mhaaramo | Content updated 2002-11-29 | Page modified 2008-03-11