Mikko's Phylogeny Archive

†Placodermi – placoderms

After Carroll, 1988

Alternative [partial] phylogeny after Goujet, 2001 [from Johanson, 2003]

<==o Placodermi (placoderms; panssarihait)
   |-- †Stensioella heintzi [Stensioellida: Stensioellidae:; Stensionelliformes]
   `--+-- †Ptyctodontidae [Ptyctodontida; Ptyctodontiformes]
      `--+--o †Paraplesiobatidae [Pseudopetalichthyida; Pseudopetalichthyiformes]
         |  |-- †Paraplesiobatis
         |  `--o †Pseudopetalichtbys [Parapetalichthys)
         |     `-- †P. problematica
         `--+--+-- †Acanthothoraci Stensiö, 1944 [Acanthothoraciformes]
            |  `-- †Rhenanida [Rhenaniformes] (panssarirauskut)
            `--+-- †Macropetalichthyidae [Petalichthyida; Petalichthyiformes]
               `--+-- †Antiarcha [Antiarchiformes; Antiarchi] (käsivarsikalat)
                  `--+-- †Phyllolepida Stensiö, 1934 [Phyllolepiformes]
                     `-- †Arthrodira Woodward, 1891 (panssarihait)

<==o Placodermi
   |?- †Brindabellaspida
   |?- †Stensioellida
   |?- †Pseudopetalichthyida
   |?- †Petalichthyida
   |?- †Phyllolepida
   `--+--+-- †Acanthothoraci
      |  `-- †Rhenanida
      `--+-- †Antiarcha
         `--+-- †Ptyctodontida
            `-- †Arthrodira

Placodermi incertae sedis:

    †“Gyracanthus eastmani” Wells, 1944 [non-acanthodian, placoderm plates]
    †Asiacanthus
    †Antarctaspis [?Phyllolepida: Antarctaspidae]
    †Brindabellaspis stensioi Young, 1980 [Brindabellaspida Gardiner, 1993]
    †Changyonophyton
    †Deinodus
    †Hybosteus [Coelosteichthys, Grossosteus]
    †Jerulalepis picketti
    †Neopetalichtbys
    †Nessariostoma
    †Oestophorus
    †Sedowichthys
    †Tollichthys
    †Yunnanacanthus

Reference(s):

• Burrow, C. J. & Turner, S., 1998: Devonian placoderm scales from Australia.
  –Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology: Vol. 18, #4, pp. 677-695
• Carroll, R. L., 1988: Vertebrate paleontology and evolution.
  –W. H. Freeman and company, New York, 1988, 698.
• Carroll, R. L., 1988: Appendix. 594-648.
  in Carroll, R. L., 1988: Vertebrate paleontology and evolution.
  –W. H. Freeman and company, New York, 1988, 698.
• Frickhinger, K. A., 1995: Fossil Atlas - Fishes.
  –Mergus, Publishers for Natural History and Pet Books, Hans a. Baensch, Malle, Germany, 1-1088
• Johanson, Z., 2003: Placederm branchial and hypobranchial muscles and origin in jawed vertebrates.
  –Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology: Vol. 23, #4, pp. 735-749
• Lane, J. A., 2001: Upper Devonian phyllolepid placoderms from Pennsylvania.
  –Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology: Vol. 21, #3, Supplement to #3, pp. 71A
• Long, J. A., 1995: The Rise of Fishes: 500 million years of evolution.
  –Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore & London, pp. 1-223
• Nelson, J. S., 1994: Fishes of the world.
  –John Wiley & Sons Inc., New York, 1994, xx-600
• Smith, M. M. & Johanson, Z., 2003: Separate Evolutionary Origins of Teeth from Evidence in Fossil Jawed Vertebrates.
  –Science: Vol. 299, pp. 1235-1236