After Carroll, 1988
<==o †Holonematidae [Holonematiina:] |-- †Belemnacanthus M. Dev. Eu. |-- †Bimbianga burrinjuckensis Young, 2005; U.Dev. Aust. |-- †Deirosteus M. Dev. EEu. U. Dev. NA. SWAs. |-- †Deveonema U. Dev. EEu. |-- †Gyroplacosteus [Operchallosteus] U. Dev. Eu. EEu. |--o †Holonema Newberry, 1889; M. Dev. NAs. Ind. M.-U. Dev. Eu. EEu. NA. U. Dev. EEu. SWAs. Spits. NAf. NNA. Aus. | |-- †H. farrowi Stevens, 1964 | |-- †H. haiti Denison, 1968 | |-- †H. rugosum (Claypole, 1883) | |-- †H. radiatum | `-- †H. westolli Miles, 1971 |-- †Megaloplax U. Dev. EEu. |-- †Rhenonema Obruchev, 1964; M. Dev. Eu. |-- †Tiaraspis L. Dev. Eu. Spits. `-- †Tropidosteus M. Dev. Eu.
Reference(s):
- Carroll, R. L., 1988: Vertebrate paleontology and evolution.
–W. H. Freeman and company, New York, 1988, 698. - Carroll, R. L., 1988: Appendix. 594-648.
in Carroll, R. L., 1988: Vertebrate paleontology and evolution.
–W. H. Freeman and company, New York, 1988, 698. - Elliott, D. K., Dineley, D. L. & Johnson, H. G., 2000: A vertebrate fauna from the Middle Devonian Yahatinda Formation of the Southwestern Canada.
–Journal of Paleontology: Vol. 74, #1, pp. 123-132 - Frickhinger, K. A., 1995: Fossil Atlas - Fishes.
–Mergus, Publishers for Natural History and Pet Books, Hans A.Baensch, Malle, Germany, 1-1088 - Young, G. C., 2005: Early Devonian arthrodire remains (Placodermi, ?Holonematidae) from the Burrinjuck area, New South Wales, Australia.
–Geodiversitas: Vol. 27, #2, pp. 201-219