After Qiao, King, Long, Ahlberg & Zhu, 2016
<==o Gnathostomata Gegenbaur, 1874 (jawed vertebrates; leualliset selkärankaiset) `==o †Placodermi McCoy, 1848 [Placodermiomorphi] (placoderms; panssarikalat) |-- †Brindabellaspis stensioi Young, 1980 [Brindabellaspida Gardiner, 1993] |-- †Antiarchi Cope, 1885 `--+-- †Romundina stellina Orvig, 1975 [Palaeacanthaspidae] `--+-- †Petalichthyida Jaeckel, 1911 [Petalichthyiformes] `--+-- †Arthrodira Woodward, 1891 `--+-- †Asterosteidae [Rhenanida Broili, 1930] `--+-- †Entelognathus primordalis Zhu, Yu, Ahlberg, Choo, Lu, Qiao, Qu, Zhao, Jia, Blom & Zhu, 2013; L.Sil. EAs. `--o Eugnathostomata [paraphyletic Acanthodii Owen, 1846] |-- †Janusiscus schultzei Giles, Friedman, & Brazeau, 2015 |-- †Ramirosuarezia boliviana Pradel, Maisey, Tafforeau & Janvier, 2009 |--o Osteichthyes Huxley, 1880 [Neoteleostomi] (bonefishes; luukalat) | |?- †Naxilepis gracilis Wang & Dong, 1989 | |--o †Dialipina Schultze, 1968 | | |-- †D. salgueiroensis Schultze 1968 | | `-- †D. markae Schultze, 1992 | `--+--o †Ligulalepis Schultze, 1968 [alternative position 1] | | |?- †L. yunnanensis Wang & Dong, 1989 [scales] | | `-- †L. toombsi Schultze, 1968 | |-- Sarcopterygii Romer, 1955 (flesh-finned bonefishes, including tetrapods; lihaseväiset luukalat) | `-- Actinopterygii Klein, 1885 (non? Cope, 1887) (viuhkaeväiset luukalat; ray-finned bonefishes) |--o †Culmacanthidae [paraphyletic Diplacanthiformes Berg, 1940] | `--o †Culmacanthus Long, 1983 | |-- †C. pambulensis Young, 1989b | `-- †C. stewarti |--o †Tetanopsyridae [paraphyletic Diplacanthiformes Berg, 1940] | `--o †Tetanopsyrus Gagnier et al., 1999; L. Dev. NNA. | |-- †T. lindoei Gagnier et al., 1999 | `-- †T. breviacanthis Hanke, Davis & Wilson, 2001 |--o †Lophosteus Pander, 1856 [†Lophosteiformes Gross, 1969: †Lophosteidae Gross, 1969] | |-- †L. superbus Pander, 1856 | |-- †L. connexus Märss, 1986 | `-- †L. ohesaarensis Schultze & Märss, 2004 |--o †Diplacanthidae Woodward, 1891 [paraphyletic Diplacanthiformes Berg, 1940] | |-- †Gladiobranchus Bernacsek & Dineley, 1977; L. Dev. NNA. | |-- †Diplacanthus Agassiz, 1844 [Rhadinacanthus] M. Dev. Eu. EEu. U. Dev. NA. | |?- †Ptychodictyon Gross, 1973; L.Dev. WNAm., M.Dev. EEu. | `-- †Rhadinacanthus Traquair, 1888 `--+--+-- †Ischnacanthiformes Berg, 1940 | `-- †Acanthodiformes Berg, 1940 [Acanthodidae Huxley, 1861 sensu Carroll, 1988] `==o Climatiiformes Berg, 1940 |-- †Latviacanthus ventspilsensis Schultze & Zidek, 1982; L. Dev. EEu. `--+-- †Brochoadmones milesi Bernacsek & Dineley, 1977; E.Dev. WNAm. [†Brochoadmoidei Gagnier & Wilson, 1996a: †Brochoadmonidae Bernacsek & Dineley, 1977] |--o †Kathemacanthidae Gagnier & Wilson 1996 | |?- †Knerialepis mashkovae (Karatajùtë-Talimaa, 1997) Hanke & Karatajute-Talimaa, 2002 [Kneria mashkovae Karatajùtë-Talimaa, 1997; non Kneria Steindachner, 1866] | |?- †Seretolepis elegans Karatajute-Talimaa, 1968 | `-- †Kathemacanthus rosulentus Gagnier & Wilson 1996; E.Dev. WNAm. |--o †Vernicomacanthus Miles, 1973, L. Dev. Eu. [paraphyletic Climatiidae] | |-- †V. uncinatus | `-- †V. waynensis |--o †Climatiidae Berg, 1940 sensu stricto?? | |-- †Ptomacanthus Miles, 1973, L. Dev. Eu. EEu. | `--+-- †Climatius Agassiz, 1845, U. Sil. L. Dev. Eu. NA. EEu. | `--+-- †Brachyacanthus Egerton, 1860, L. Dev. Eu. | `-- †Parexus Agassiz, 1845, L. Dev. Eu. `--+--+-- †Lupopsyrus pygmaeus Bernacsek & Dineley, 1977, E.Dev. WNNAm. | `-- †Obtusacanthus corroconis Hanke & Wilson 2004 `--+-- †Gyracanthides Woodward, 1906; Miss. Aus. [Gyracanthidae Woodward, 1906] `-- Chondrichthyes Huxley, 1880 [Chondrichthiomorphi] (rustokalat; sharks & rays)
Basal gnathostomes not included in Qiao et al. 2016
“Placodermi” McCoy, 1848
†Stensiolla heintzi [Stensioellida Carroll, 1988: Stensioellidae]
†Paraplesiobatidae Berg 1940 [Pseudopetalichthyida Denison 1975; Pseudopetalichthyiformes]
†Nessariostoma granulosum Broili, 1933
†Paraplesiobatis heinrichsi Broili, 1933
†Pseudopetalichthys problematica Moy-Thomas, 1939 [Parapetalichthys Kuhn, 1949]
†Phyllolepididae Agassiz, 1844 [Phyllolepida Stensiö, 1934]
†Ptyctodontidae Gross, 1932 [Ptyctodontida Gross, 1932]
After Brazeau, 2009, and Davis, Finarelli & Coates, 2012<==o Gnathostomata Gegenbaur, 1874 (jawed vertebrates; leualliset selkärankaiset) `==o †Placodermi McCoy, 1848 [Placodermiomorphi] (placoderms; panssarikalat) |?- †Brindabellaspis stensioi Young, 1980 [Brindabellaspida Gardiner, 1993] |?- †Stensiolla heintzi [Stensioellida Carroll, 1988: Stensioellidae] |?-o †Paraplesiobatidae Berg 1940 [Pseudopetalichthyida Denison 1975; Pseudopetalichthyiformes] | |-- †Nessariostoma granulosum Broili, 1933 | |-- †Paraplesiobatis heinrichsi Broili, 1933 | `-- †Pseudopetalichthys problematica Moy-Thomas, 1939 [Parapetalichthys Kuhn, 1949] |?- †Petalichthyida Jaeckel, 1911 [Petalichthyiformes] |?- †Phyllolepididae Agassiz, 1844 [Phyllolepida Stensiö, 1934] `--+--+-- †Acanthothoraci Stensiö, 1944 | `-- †Asterosteidae [Rhenanida Broili, 1930] `--+-- †Antiarchi Cope, 1885 `--+-- †Ptyctodontidae Gross, 1932 [Ptyctodontida Gross, 1932] |-- †Arthrodira Woodward, 1891 |-- †Entelognathus primordalis Zhu, Yu, Ahlberg, Choo, Lu, Qiao, Qu, Zhao, Jia, Blom & Zhu, 2013; L.Sil. EAs. `--o Eugnathostomata [paraphyletic Acanthodii Owen, 1846] |== †Diplacanthida Berg, 1940 [Diplacanthiformes Berg, 1940] `--+-- †Ischnacanthiformes Berg, 1940 `--+==o Climatiida Berg, 1940 | |-- †Gyracanthidae Woodward, 1906 | |-- †Climatiidae Berg, 1940 | `--+-- †Lupopsyrus pygmaeus Bernacsek & Dineley, 1977, E.Dev. WNNAm. | `-- Chondrichthyes Huxley, 1880 [Chondrichthiomorphi] (rustokalat; sharks & rays) `--+-- †Acanthodiformes [Acanthodidae sensu Carroll, 1988] `--o Osteichthyes Huxley, 1880 [Neoteleostomi] (bonefishes; luukalat) |?-o †Lophosteus Pander, 1856 [†Lophosteiformes Gross, 1969: †Lophosteidae Gross, 1969] | |-- †L. superbus Pander, 1856 | |-- †L. connexus Märss, 1986 | `-- †L. ohesaarensis Schultze & Märss, 2004 |?- †Naxilepis Wang & Dong, 1989 |-- Sarcopterygii Romer, 1955 (flesh-finned bonefishes, including tetrapods; lihaseväiset luukalat) `-- Actinopterygii Klein, 1885 (non? Cope, 1887) (viuhkaeväiset luukalat; ray-finned bonefishes) |
After Carroll, 1988, Nelson, 1994 and Zhu, Yu & Janvier, 1999<==o Gnathostomata |?- †Placodermi `--+-- Chondrichthyes `--o Teleostomi |-- †Acanthodii `--o Osteichthyes `--+-- Sarcopterygii `-- Actinopterygii |
Reference(s):
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