Mikko's Phylogeny Archive

Athesphatanura – hylids, toads, dart-poison frogs, and relatives

After Frost et al, 2006, with species from Frost, 2000-2002 [“AMNH Amphibian species of the World”]

Alternative phylogeny after Grant et al., 2006

<==o Athesphatanura Frost et al., 2006
   |-- Hylidae Rafinesque, 1815 [taxonomic history]
   `--o Leptodactyliformes Frost et al., 2006
      |--o Diphyabatrachia Frost et al., 2006
      |  |-- Centrolenidae Taylor, 1951
      |  `-- Leptodactylidae Werner, 1896 [1838]
      `--o Chthonobatrachia Frost et al., 2006
         |-- †Arariphrynus placidoi Leal & Brito, 2006
         `--+-- †Eurycephalella alcinae Báez, Moura & Gómez, 2009
            `--+-- Ceratophryidae Tschudi, 1838 [taxonomic history] (sarvikonnat, sarvisammakot)
               `--o Hesticobatrachia Frost et al., 2006
                  |?- Rupirana cardosoi Heyer, 1999
                  |-- Cycloramphidae Bonaparte, 1850 [taxonomic history]
                  `--o Agastorophrynia Frost et al., 2006
                     |-- Bufonidae Gray, 1825 (toads; konnat)
                     `--o Dendrobatoidea Cope, 1865 sensu Frost et al., 2006
                        |-- Dendrobatidae Cope, 1865
                        `--o Thoropa Cope, 1865 [Thoropidae Frost et al., 2006]
                           |-- T. lutzi
                           |-- T. megatympanum
                           |-- T. miliaris
                           |-- T. petropolitana
                           `-- T. saxatilis

<==o Athesphatanura
   |-- Hylidae
   `--o Leptodactyliformes
      |-- Centrolenidae
      `--o Cruciabatrachia Grant et al., 2006
         |-- Leptodactylidae
         `--o Chthonobatrachia
            |-- Ceratophryidae
            `--o Hesticobatrachia
               |?- Rupirana cardosoi
               |-- Cycloramphidae
               `--o Calamitophrynia Grant et al., 2006
                  |-- Leiuperidae
                  `--o Agastorophrynia
                     |-- Bufonidae
                     `--o Nobleobatia Grant et al., 2006
                        |-- Hylodidae
                        `--o Dendrobatoidea
                           |-- Aromobatidae Grant et al., 2006
                           `-- Dendrobatidae

Reference(s):

• Báez, A. M., Moura, G. J. B. & Gómez, R. O., 2009: Anurans from the Lower Cretaceous Crato Formation of northeastern Brazil: implications for the early divergence of neobatrachians.
  –Cretaceous Research: Vol. 30, #4, pp. 829-846 [doi: 10.1016/j.cretres.2009.01.002]
• Frost, D. R., 2000: Amphibian species of the World: An Online Reference.
  –iNet: American Museum of Natural History, Department of Herpetology: http://research.amnh.org/herpetology/amphibia/index.html
• Frost, D. R., Grant, T., Faivovich, J., Bain, R. H., Haas, A., Haddad, C. F. B., de Sá, R. O., Channing, A., Wilkinson, M., Donnellan, S. C., Raxworthy, C. J., Campbell, J. A., Blotto, B. L., Moler, P., Drewes, R. C., Nussbaum, R. A., Lynch, J. D., Green, D. M. & Wheeler, W. C., 2006: The amphibian tree of life.
  –Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History: #297, pp. 1-370
• Grant, T., Frost, D. R., Caldwell, J. P., Gagliardo, R., Haddad, C. F. B., Kok, P. J. R., Means, D. B., Noonan, B. P., Schargel, W. E. & Wheeler, W. C., 2006: Phylogenetic systematics of dart-poison frogs and their relatives (Amphibia: Athesphatanura: Dendrobatidae).
  –Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History: Vol. #299, pp. 1-262
• Haas, A., 2003: Phylogeny of frogs as inferred from primary larval characters (Amphibia: Anura).
  –Cladistics: Vol. 19, #1, pp. 23-89