Mikko's Phylogeny Archive

Lepospondyli - lepospondyls [Amphibia sensu lato?]

Main Groups of Terrestrial Vertebrates

After Laurin & Reisz, 1997, Anderson & Reisz, 2003, and Vallin & Laurin, 2004

<==o Amphibia Gray, 1825 sensu Laurin, 1998a, and Vallin & Laurin, 2004 [Lepospondyli Zittel, 1888 sensu Laurin & Reisz, 1997]
   |--+--o †Adelogyrinidae
   |  |  |-- †Adelogyrinus
   |  |  |-- †Adelospondylus
   |  |  |-- †Dolichopareias
   |  |  `-- †Palaeomolgophis
   |  |?- †Acherontiscus [Acherontiscidae]
   |  `-- †Aistopoda Miall, 1875 [Aïstopoda Miall, 1875] (aistopods; aistopodit)
   `--+-- †Nectridae
      |?- †Pleuroptyx clavatus Cope, 1875 [not treated by Vallin & Laurin]
      `--o †“Microsauria” Dawson, 1863 [paraphyletic]
         |?- †Odonterpeton triangulare Moodie, 1909b [Odonterpentontidae] [paraphyletic Microbrachomorpha] [not treated by Vallin & Laurin]
         |?-o †Hapsidopareiontidae
         |  |?- †Ricnodon
         |  |-- †Saxonerpeton
         |  `--+-- †Hapsidopareion
         |     `-- †Llistrofus
         |?-o †Tuditanidae [paraphyletic Tuditanomorpha]
         |  |-- †Asaphestra intermedia
         |  |-- †Boii
         |  |-- †Crinodon limnophyes (Steen, 1938) Carroll & Gaskill, 1978
         |  `--o †Tuditanus
         |     `-- †T. punctulatus Cope, 1871b
         |--+-- †Utaherpeton [paraphyletic Microbrachomorpha]
         |  `-- †Microbrachis pelikani Fritsch, 1876 [taxonomic history] [Microbrachidae] [paraphyletic Microbrachomorpha]
         `--o †“Tuditanomorpha” [paraphyletic Microsauria]
            |--o †Ostodolepididae
            |  |?- †Ostodolepis
            |  |-- †Micraroter erythrogeios Carroll & Gaskill, 1978
            |  `-- †Pelodosotis
            `--+--o †Pantylidae
               |  |?- †Trachystegos [not treated by Vallin & Laurin]
               |  |-- †Pantylus cordatus
               |  `--+-- †Stegotretus
               |     `-- †Sparodus [not treated by Vallin & Laurin]
               `--+--o †Gymnarthridae Case, 1910
                  |  |?- †Elfridia [not treated by Vallin & Laurin]
                  |  |?- †Leiocephalikon [not treated by Vallin & Laurin]
                  |  |?-o †Pariotichus [not treated by Vallin & Laurin]
                  |  |  |-- †P. aduncus
                  |  |  `-- †P. isolemus
                  |  |?- †Bolterpeton carrolli Anderson & Reisz, 2003 [alternative position 1]
                  |  `--+--o †Euryodus
                  |     |  |-- †E. primus
                  |     |  `-- †dalyae
                  |     `--+?- †Bolterpeton carrolli Anderson & Reisz, 2003 [alternative position 2]
                  |        `--o †Cardiocephalus
                  |           |-- †C. peabodyi Carroll & Gaskill, 1978
                  |           `-- †C. sternbergi
                  `--+-- †Rhynchonkos stovalli [Goniorhynchus] [Goniorhynchidae] [paraphyletic Microbrachomorpha]
                     `--+--o †Brachystelechidae [Batropetidae] [paraphyletic Microbrachomorpha]
                        |  |-- †Batropetes fritschi (Geinitz & Deichmüller, 1882) Carroll & Gaskill, 1971 [Brachystelechus fritschi Carroll & Gaskill, 1978; Batropetes fritschi Carroll, 1991; Batropetes truncatus Carroll & Gaskill, 1971] [Batropetidae]
                        |  `--+-- †Quasicaecelia
                        |     `-- †Carrolla craddocki Langston & Olsen, 1986
                        `--+-- †Lysorophia
                           `-- Lissamphibia Haeckel, 1866 sensu Vallin & Laurin, 2004 [only Gymnophiona Rafinesque, 1814 sensu Anderson et al., 2008] (modern amphibians; nykysammakkoeläimet)

Other “tudinomorphs”

    †Trihecatontidae
        †Trihecaton

Reference(s):

• Anderson, J. S. & Reisz, R. R., 2003: A new microsaur (Tetrapoda: Lepospondyli) from the Lower Permian of Richards Sur (Fort Sill), Oklahoma.
  –Canadian Journal of Earth Sciencies: Vol. 40, pp. 499-505
• Anderson, J. S., Reisz, R. R., Scott, D. M., Fröbisch, N. B. & Sumida, S. S., 2008: A stem Batrachian from the early Permian of texas and the origin of frog and salamanders.
  –Nature: Vol. 453, pp. 515-518 [doi: 10.1038/nature06865]
• Carroll, R. L., 1988: Vertebrate paleontology and evolution.
  –W. H. Freeman and company, New York, 1988, 698.
• Carroll, R. L., 1988: Appendix. 594-648.
  in Carroll, R. L. 1988: Vertebrate paleontology and evolution.
  –W. H. Freeman and company, New York, 1988, 698.
• Laurin, M. & Reisz, R. R., 1997: A new perspective on tetrapod phylogeny. 9-59
  in Sumida, S. S. & Martin, K. L. M., 1997: Amniote origins: Completing the transition to Land.
  –Academic Press, San Diego, 1997, pp. x-510
• McGowan, G. & Evans, S. E., 1995: Albanerpetonid amphibians from the Cretaceous of Spain.
  –Nature: Vol. 373, 12 January, pp. 143-145
• Milner, A. R., 1994: Late Triassic and Jurassic amphibians: Fossil record and phylogeny. 5-23
  in Fraser, N. C. & Sues, H-D. 1994: In the Shadow of the Dinosaurs.
  –Cambridge University Press, New York. 1994,
• Vallin, G. & Laurin, M., 2004: Cranial morphology and affinities of Microbrachis, and a reappraisal of the phylogeny and lifestyle of the first amphibians.
  –Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology: Vol. 24, #1, pp. 56-72

 

Special thanks to:

Dols, J. H. M., for gathering additional information and species.

 

© Mikko Haaramo, | http://www.helsinki.fi/~mhaaramo | Content updated 2005-11-27 | Page modified 2013-02-12