After Poyato-Ariza & Wenz, 2002, Poyato-Ariza, 2003, and Machado & Brito, 2006
<==o †Pycnodontiformes Berg, 1937 [Pycnodontidae in Carroll, 1988] |-- †Paramesturus stuehmeri Taverne, 1981, U.Cret. NEu. `--+--o †Mesturus Wagner, 1862, U.Jur. Eu. [Mesturidae Nursall, 1996] | |-- †M. verrocosus Wagner, 1862 | `-- †M. leedsi Woodward, 1895 `--+--o †Micropycnodon Hibbard & Graffham, 1945 [Pycnomicrodon] U.Cret. NA. | |-- †M. kansasensis (Hibbard & Graffham, 1941) [Pycnomicrodon kansasensis Hibbard & Graffham, 1941] | `-- †M. gaynaisensis Nursall, 1999 `--+--o †Gyrodus Agassiz, 1833 [Stromateus] [Gyrodontidae Berg, 1940] M.Jur.-L.Cret. Eu.. U.Jur. WInd., U.Jur.-?U.Cret. NA., U.Cret. Af. | |?- †G. sp. [Mesturus cordillera] | |?- †G. sp. [G. goweri (nomen dubium)] M.Jur. WEu. | |?- †G. atherfieldensis White, 1927 [assignment questionable] | |?- †G. minor Agassiz, 1844 | |?- †G. contiguidens | |?- †G sculptus | |?- †G. ellipticus | |-- †G. syriacus Fraas, 1878, U.Cret. SWAs. | |-- †G. hexagonus (Blainville, 1818) [Stromateus hexagonus Blainville, 1818] | `-- †G. circularis Agassiz, 1843 `--+-- †Arduafrons prominoris Frickhinger, 1991 `--+--o †Brembodontidae Tintori, 1981 [incl. Gibbodontidae] | |-- †Gibbodon cenensis Tintori, 1981 [Gibbodontidae] | `-- †Brembodus ridens Tintori, 1981 `--o †Pycnodontoidei Nursall, 1996 |==o †Eomesodon Woodward, 1918, U.Trias. U.Jur. Eu. [paraphyletic] | |-- †E. liassicus (Egerton, 1855) [Pycnodus liassicus Egerton, 1855] | |-- ?†E. barnesi (Woodward, 1906) | |-- †E. depressus? Woodward, 1918 | `-- †E. hoeferi (Gorjanovic-Kramberger,1905) `--o †Pycnodontoidea Agassiz, 1833 sensu Poyato-Ariza & Wenz, 2002 |--o †Coccodontidae Berg, 1940 | |--+-- †Trewavasia carinatus White & Moy-Thomas, 1941 [Xenopholis] U.Cret. SWAs. | | `-- †Hensodon spinosum (Hennig, 1907) Kriwet, 2004 [Mesodon spinosus Hennig, 1907; Mesodon spinosum Hennig; Steinmann, 1928 (emend.)] U.Cret. SWAs. | `--+-- †Ichthyoceros spinosus Gayet, 1984, U.Cret. SWAs. | `-- †Coccodus armatus Pictet, 1850, U.Cret. SWAs. `--o †Pycnodontidae Agassiz, 1833 sensu Poyato-Ariza & Wenz, 2002 and 2005 |-- †Akromystax tilmachiton Poyato-Ariza & Wenz, 2005; U.Cret. SWAs. `--+?-o †Macromesodon Blake, 1905 [taxonomic history] | |-- †M. sp. cf M. bernissartensis [Poyato-Ariza & Wenz, 2002] | |-- †M. macropterus (Agassiz, 1834) [taxonomic history] | |-- †M. gibbosus (Wagner, 1851) Poyato-Ariza & Wenz, 2004) [taxonomic history] | |-- †M. surgens (Poyato-Ariza & Wenz, 2002) Poyato-Ariza & Wenz, 2004 [taxonomic history] | `?- ?†M .comosus (Poyato-Ariza & Wenz, 2002) [no longer recognized by Poyato-Ariza & Wenz (2004)] [taxonomic history] |--+-- †Stenamara mia Poyato-Ariza & Wenz, 2000 [Eomesodon sp.] U.Cret. WEu. | `--+-- †Stemmatodus rhombus (Agassiz, 1839) Heckel, 1854 [Pycnodus rhombus (Agassiz, 1839)] ?U.Jur.-L.Cret. Eu. | `--o †Turbomesodon Poyato-Ariza & Wenz, 2004 [taxonomic history] | |-- †T. bernissartensis (Traquair, 1911) [taxonomic history] | `--+-- †T. relegans Poyato-Ariza & Wenz, 2004 [taxonomic history] | `-- †T. praeclarus Poyato-Ariza & Wenz, 2004 [taxonomic history] `--o †Pycnodontidae Agassiz, 1833 sensu Poyato-Ariza & Wenz, 2004 |?-o †Anomoeodus Forir, 1887 [Anomaeodus??] L.-U.Cret. Eu. NA. U.Cret. Af. | |-- †A. subclavatus (Agassiz, 1833) [Pycnodus subclavatus Agassiz, 1833] | |-- †A. angustus (Agassiz, 1837) | |-- †A. willetti Woodward, 1893 | `-- †A. nursali Kriwet, 1999 |--o †Ocloedus Poyato-Ariza & Wenz, 2002 [taxonomic history] L.Cret. SA. SEu. | |-- †O. subdiscus (Wenz, 1989) [taxonomic history] | `-- †O. costae (Heckel, 1856) [taxonomic history] `--+--+-- †Tepexichthys aranguthyorum Applegate, 1992, U.Cret. SWNA. | `--o †Proscinetinae Gistl, 1848 sensu Poyato-Ariza & Wenz, 2002 | |-- †Neoproseinets penalvai Figueiredo & Silva-Santos, 1987, U.Cret. ESA. | `--o †Proscinetes Gistl, 1848 [Microdon, Polysephis] M. Jur. L.Cret. Eu. L.Cret. NA. | |-- ?†P. bassanii (D'Erasmo, 1914) | |-- †P. bernardi (Thiollière, 1852) | |-- †P. egertoni (Thiollière, 1852) | |-- ?†P. itieri(Thiollière, 1850) | |-- †P. sauvanasi? (Thiollière, 1852) | |-- †P. thiollieri? (Saint-Seine, 1949) | |-- †P.? wagneri (Thiollière, 1852) | `-- †P. elegans (Agassiz, 1833) [Microdon elegans Agassiz, 1833] `--+-- †Iemanja palma Wenz, 1989 `--+-- †Potiguara rosadoi (Santos, 1963) Machado & Brito, 2006 [Cosmodus rosadoi Santos, 1963; ?Ocloedus rosadoi (Silva Santos) Poyato-Ariza & Wenz, 2002]; U.Cret. NESAm. `--+--o †Coelodus Heckel, 1854 [Anomiophthalmus, Cosmodus, Glossodus] U.Jur. U.Cret. Eu. L.-U.Cret. NA. Af. U.Cret. Mad. U.Cret. Eoc. As. | |?- †C. syriacus Hussakof, 1916, U.Cret. SWAs. | `-- †C. saturnus Heckel, 1854 [C. rosthorni Heckel, 1854; C. suillus Heckel, 1854] `--+--o †Pycnodontinae Agassiz, 1833 sensu Poyato-Ariza & Wenz, 2002 | |-- †Pycnodus apoda (Volta, 1809) Agassiz, 1833 [Coryphaena apoda Volta, 1809; Zeus platessus Blainville, 1818; Pycnodus platessus (Blainville, 1818); Periodus, Pychnodus] Eoc. Eu. | `-- †Oropycnodus ponsortii (Heckel, 1854) Poyato-Ariza & Wenz, 2002 [Palaeobalistum ponsortii Heckel, 1854] L.Cret. SEu. `--o †Nurselliinae Blot, 1987 sensu Poyato-Ariza & Wenz, 2002 |?- †Nursallia flabellatum Cope, 1886 [n. flavellatum (lapsus calami)] |?- †Nursallia ventralis? (Davis, 1887) [Palaeobalistum ventralis Davis, 1887] |-- †Nursallia veronae Blot, 1987 [Palaeobalistum goedeli (Heckel, 1854)] `--+-- †Nursallia? gutturosum (Arambourg, 1954) [Palaeobalistum gutturosum Arambourg, 1954] `--+-- †Abdobalistum thyrsus Poyato-Ariza & Wenz, 2002 `--+-- †Nursallia? goedeli (Heckel, 1854) [Palaeobalistum goedeli Heckel, 1854] `-- †Palaeobalistum orbiculatum Blainville, 1818 [Palaeobalistes; incl. P. zignoi Blot, 1987] Eoc. Eu.
Pycnodontiformes not treated by Poyato-Ariza & Wenz (2002 & 2004):
†Camposichthys riachuelensis Figueiredo & Silva-Santos, 1991
†Acrotemus U.Cret. Eu. WAf.
†Athrodon U.Jur.-U.Cret. Eu.
†Callodus
†C. coronatus
†Coccodus insignis
†Cosmodus Sauvage, 1879 ==> Coelodus
†C. carentonensis (Coquand, 1860) [Gyrodus carentonensis Coquand, 1860]
†C. sculptus (Agassiz, 1844) [Pycnodus sculptus Agassiz, 1844]
†C. imitator (Cornuel, 1877) [Pycnodus imitator Cornuel, 1877]
†C. grandis Sauvage, 1879
†Ellipsodus L.Cret. Eu.
†Eomesodon granulatus (Münster, 1846) [dentition only]
†Eomesodon rugolosus (Agassiz, 1839) [dentition only]
†Grypodon [Ancistrodon, Ankistrodus] U.Cret. Eu. NAf. NA.
†G. acutirostris
†G. armatus
†Tibetodus U.Jur. CAs.
†Paramicrodon
†P. estesi
†Uranoplosus L.Cret. Eu. NA.
†Woodthropea U.Trias. Eu.
†Gyronchus [Gynonchus, ?Gyroconchus, Macromesodon, Mesodon, Scaphodus, Typodus] M. Jur. L.Cret. Eu.
†G. dumblei
†Polygyrodus U.Cret. Eu.
†Nursallia? dossantosi (Maury, 1930) U.Cret. NWSA.
†Hadrodontidae
†Hadrodus Leidy, 1858
†H. priscus Leidy, 1858
†H. marshi Gregory, 1950
†H. hewletti (Applegate, 1970)
Nomina dubia & invalida:
†Trewavasiidae [Trewasidae] (nomen invalida)
†Macromesodontidae (nomen invalida)
†Nursalliidae Blot, 1987 (= Nurselliinae Blot, 1987 sensu Poyato-Ariza & Wenz, 2002)
†Gyronchidae
†Paleobalistidae
Note:
This page has benefited greatly from the personal touch of Dr. Poyato-Ariza
Reference(s):
- Carroll, R. L., 1988: Vertebrate paleontology and evolution.
–W. H. Freeman and company, New York, 1988, 698. - Carroll, R. L., 1988: Appendix. 594-648.
in Carroll, R. L., 1988: Vertebrate paleontology and evolution.
–W. H. Freeman and company, New York, 1988, 698. - Frickhinger, K. A., 1995: Fossil Atlas – Fishes.
–Mergus – Publishers for Natural History and Pet Books, Hans A.Baensch, Malle, Germany, 1995, pp. 1-1088 - Kriwet, J., 2004: A new pycnodont fish genus (Neopterygii: Pycnodontiformes) from the Cenomanian (Upper Cretaceous) of Mount Lebanon.
–Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology: Vol. 24, #3, pp. 525-532 - Kriwet, J., Poyato-Ariza, F. J. & Wenz, S., 1999: A revision of the pycnodontid fish Coelodus subdiscus Wenz, 1989, from the Early Cretaceous of Montsec (Lleida, Spain).
–Treb. Mus. Geol. Barcelona: Vol. 8, pp. 33-65 - Kriwet, J. & Schmitz, L., 2005: New insight into the distribution and palaeobiology of the pycnodont fish Gyrodus.
–Acta Palaeontologica Polonica: Vol. 50, #1, pp. 49-56 - Long, J. A., 1995: The Rise of Fishes: 500 million years of evolution.
–Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore & London, pp. 1-223 - Nelson, J. S., 1994: Fishes of the world.
–John Wiley & Sons Inc., New York, 1994, xx-600 - Machado, L. P. C. & Brito, P. M., 2006: The new genus Potiguara (Actinopterygii: Pycnodontiformes) from the Upper Cretaceous of northeast Brazil.
–Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology: Vol. 26, #1, pp. 1-6 - Poyato-Ariza, F. J., 2003: Dental characters and phylogeny of pycnodontiform fishes.
–Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology: Vol. 23, #4, pp. 937-940 - Poyato-Ariza, F. J. & Wenz, S., 2000: A new pycnodontiform fish from the Early Cretaceous of Las Hoyas (Cuenca, Spain).
–Bull. Soc. géol. France: Vol. 171, #2, pp. 251-258 - Poyato-Ariza, F. J. & Wenz, S., 2002: A new insight into pycnodontiform fishes.
–Geodiversitas: Vol. 24, #1, pp. 139-248 - Poyato-Ariza, F. J. & Wenz, S., 2004: The new pycnodontid fish genus Turbomesodon, and a revision of Macromesodon based on new material from the Lower Cretaceous of Las Hoyas, Cuenca, Spain. 341-378.
in Arratia, G. & Tintori, A., (eds.) 2004: Mesozoic Fishes 3 – Systematics, Paleoenvironments and Biodiversity.
–Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil, München, Germany, 2004 - Poyato-Ariza, F. J. & Wenz, S., 2005: Akromystax tilmachiton gen. et sp. nov., a new pycnodontid fish from the lebanese Late Cretaceous of Haqel and En Nammoura.
–Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology: Vol. 25, #1, pp. 27-45 - Winkler, D. A., Murry, P. A. & Jacobs, L. M., 1990: Early Cretaceous (Comanchean) vertebrates of central Texas.
–Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology: Vol. 10, #1, pp. 95-116