After Carroll, 1988, Nelson, 1994, and Cziko & Cheng, 2006, with Recent species from Froese & Pauly, 2001 [“The Fishbase”]

<==o Nototheniidae (antarktiset ahvenet; cod icefishes)
   |?-o Gobionotothen
   |  |-- G. acuta (Günther, 1880) (Triangular notothen)
   |  |-- G. gibberifrons (Lönnberg, 1905) (Humped rockcod)
   |  `-- G. marionensis (Günther, 1880) (Lobe-lip notothen)
   |?- Gvozdarus svetovidovi Balushkin, 1989 (Naked-head toothfish)
   |?-o Lepidonotothen
   |  |-- L. kempi (Norman, 1937) (Striped-eye notothen)
   |  |-- L. larseni (Lönnberg, 1905)
   |  |-- L. mizops (Günther, 1880) (Toad notothen)
   |  |-- L. nudifrons (Lönnberg, 1905) (Gaudy notothen)
   |  `-- L. squamifrons (Günther, 1880) (Grey rockcod)
   |?-o Paranotothenia
   |  |-- P. angustata (Hutton, 1875) (Maori chief)
   |  |-- P. magellanica (Forster, 1801) (Maori cod)
   |  `-- P. microlepidota (Hutton, 1875) (Black cod)
   |?-o Patagonotothen
   |  |--o P. brevicauda (Lönnberg, 1905) (Patagonian rockcod)
   |  |  |-- P. b. brevicauda (Lönnberg, 1905) (Patagonian rockcod)
   |  |  `-- P. b. shagensis (Balushkin & Permitin, 1982)
   |  |-- P. elegans (Günther, 1880)
   |  |-- P. guntheri (Norman, 1937) (Yellowfin notothen)
   |  |-- P. jordani (Thompson, 1916)
   |  |-- P. longipes (Steindachner, 1876)
   |  |-- P. ramsayi (Regan, 1913)
   |  |-- P. sima (Richardson, 1845)
   |  |-- P. squamiceps (Peters, 1877)
   |  |-- P. tessellata (Richardson, 1845) (Black southern cod)
   |  `-- P. wiltoni (Regan, 1913)
   |--o Dissostichus
   |  |-- D. eleginoides Smitt, 1898 (Patagonian toothfish)
   |  `-- D. mawsoni Norman, 1937 (Antarctic toothfish)
   `--+--o Pleuragramminae
      |  |-- Aethotaxis mitopteryx DeWitt, 1962 (Threadfin pithead)
      |  `-- Pleuragramma antarcticum Boulenger, 1902 (Antarctic silverfish)
      `--+--o Nototheniinae
         |  `--o Notothenia Mioc. NZ. R. Oc.
         |     |-- N. coriiceps Richardson, 1844 (Yellowbelly rockcod)
         |     |-- N. cyanobrancha Richardson, 1844 (Blue rockcod)
         |     |-- N. neglecta Nybelin, 1951
         |     `-- N. rossii Richardson, 1844 (Marbled rockcod)
         `--o Trematominae
            `==o Termatomus [paraphyletic sensu Cziko & Cheng (2006)]
               |?- T. eulepidotus Regan, 1914 (Blunt scalyhead)
               |?- T. lepidorhinus (Pappenheim, 1911) (Slender scalyhead)
               |?- T. nicolai (Boulenger, 1902) (Spotted notothen)
               |?- T. pennellii Regan, 1914 (Sharp-spined notothen)
               |?- T. scotti (Boulenger, 1907) (Blackfin notothen)
               |?- T. tokarevi Andriashev, 1978 (Bigeye notothen)
               |?- T. vicarius Lönnberg, 1905 (Orange notothen)
               |--+-- T. newnesi Boulenger, 1902 (Dusky notothen)
               |  `--o Cryothenia Daniels, 1981 (Pitheads)
               |     |-- C. peninsulae Daniels, 1981 (Peninsular Pithead)
               |     `-- C. amphitreta Cziko & Cheng, 2006 (McMurdo Pithead)
               `--+-- T. loennbergii Regan, 1913 (Deepwater notothen)
                  `--+-- T. bernacchii Boulenger, 1902 (Emerald rockcod)
                     `--+-- T. hansoni Boulenger, 1902 (Striped rockcod)
                        `--o Pagothenia
                           |-- P. borchgrevinki (Boulenger, 1902) (Bald notothen)
                           `-- P. brachysoma (Pappenheim, 1912) (Bandtail notothen)

Taxa not recogniced by the FishBase:

    Indonotothenia
    Lindbergichthys
    Nototheniops
    Pseudotrematomus

Reference(s):