After Kullander, 1995-2002, and Rícan & Kullander, 2003, with species from Froese & Pauly, 2001- [“The Fishbase”]
<==o Heroini (heroine cichlids)
|-- Hoplarchus psittacus (Heckel, 1840)
`--+--+--o “Cichlasoma” atromaculatum -group
| | `-- “Cichlasoma” atromaculatum Regan, 1912
| `--o Caquetaia ()? [4]
| |-- C. kraussii (Steindachner, 1878)
| |-- C. myersi (Schultz, 1944)
| |-- C. spectabilis (Steindachner, 1875)
| `-- C. umbrifera (Meek & Hildebrand, 1913) (Turquiose cichlid)
`--+--o “Cichlasoma” facetum -group [Kullander, 1998]
| |-- “C.” facetum (Jenyns, 1842) [Heros autochton Günther; Heros jenynsii Steindachner; Heros acaroides Hensel; Chromys oblonga Castelnau] (Chameleon cichlid)
| |-- “C.” scitulum Rícan & Kullander, 2003
| `-- “C.” tembe Casciotta, Gómez & Toresani, 1995
`--+--o Hypselecara ()? [2]
| |-- H. coryphaenoides (Heckel, 1840)
| `-- H. temporalis (Günther, 1862) (Emerald cichlid)
`--+-- Heroina isonycterina Kullander, 1996
`--+--o Symphysodon (kiekkokalat) [2]
| |-- S. discus Heckel, 1840 (kiekkokala; Red discus)
| `--o S. aequifasciata Pellegrin, 1904 (viherkiekkokala; Blue discus)
| |-- S. a. axelrodi (ruskokiekkokala)
| `-- S. a. haraldi (sinikiekkokala; blue discus)
`--+--+--o Uaru ()? [2]
| | |-- U. amphiacanthoides Heckel, 1840 (Uaru)
| | `-- U. fernandezyepezi Stawikowski, 1989
| `--o Heros ()? [4]
| |-- H. efasciatus Heckel, 1840
| |-- H. notatus Jardine, 1843
| |-- H. severus Heckel, 1840 (vannekirjoahven; Banded cichlid)
| `-- H. spurius Heckel, 1840
`--+--o Pterophyllum (lehtikalat; freshwater angelfishes) [3]
| |-- P. altum Pellegrin, 1903 (lippulehtikala)
| |-- P. leopoldi (Gosse, 1963) [P. dumerilii??] (pikkulehtikala)
| `-- P. scalare (Lichtenstein, 1823) (lehtikala; Freshwater angelfish)
`--o Mesonauta ()? [6]
|-- M. acora (Castelnau, 1855)
|-- M. egregius Kullander & Silfvergrip, 1991
|-- M. festivus (Heckel, 1840) (viivakirjoahven; Flag cichlid)
|-- M. guyanae Schindler, 1998
|-- M. insignis (Heckel, 1840)
`-- M. mirificus Kullander & Silfvergrip, 1991
Reference(s):
- Froese, R. & Pauly, D. (eds), 2001: FishBase.
–iNet: www.fishbase.org
- Kullander, S. O., 1995-2002: Phylogeny of major groups of cichlids. (Updated: 2002-04-12)
–iNet: Swedish Museum of Natural History: Guide to the South American Cichlidae: http://www2.nrm.se/ve/pisces/acara/cichphyl.shtml; [visited: 2005-03-11]
- Lahti, S., Malmström, K. K., Koli, L., Leikola, A., Syrjämäki, J. & Lahti, J., 1980: Zoo, Suuri Eläinkirja 5: Kalat, sammakkoeläimet, matelijat.
–Werner Söderström Osakeyhtiö, Porvoo-Helsinki-Juva, 1980.
Original work [in French]: Beauté Du Monde Animal: IX Reptiles/Amphibiens & X Poissons.
–Rizzoli Editore, Milano, 1968.
- Nelson, J. S., 1994: Fishes of the world.
–John Wiley & Sons Inc., New York, 1994, xx-600
- Rícan, O. & Kullander, S. O., 2003: ‘Cichlasoma’ scitulum: A new Species of Cichlid Fish from the Río de La Plata Region in Argentina, Bracil, and Uruguay.
–Copeia: Vol. 103, #4, pp. 794-802
- Varjo, M., 2001: Akvaario-opas. [Aquarium Guide]
–AquaGeo & Gummerus Kirjapaino Oy, Jyväskylä, 2001, 1-143