After Kullander, 1995-2002, with species from Froese & Pauly, 2001- [“The Fishbase”]
<==o Geophaginae |--o Geophagini | |?- Taeniacara candidi Myers, 1935 | |--o Mikrogeophagus [Papiliochromis] [2] | | |-- M. altispinosus (Haseman, 1911) | | `-- M. ramirezi (Myers & Harry, 1948) [Papiliochromis ramirezi] (perhoskirjoahven; Ram cichlid; Blue Ram cichlid) | `--+--o “Geophagus” brasiliensis -group | | `-- “Geophagus” brasiliensis (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824) (Pearl cichlid; helmiäistonkija) | |-- Geophagus (tonkijat) [19] | |--o Biotodoma [4] | | |-- B. cupido (Heckel, 1840) (Greenstreaked eartheater) | | |-- B. wavrini (Gosse, 1963) (Orinoco eartheater) | | |-- B. dicentrarchus Kullander, 1989 | | `-- B. opercularis (Steindachner, 1875) | |--+--+-- Apistogrammoides pucallpaensis Meinken, 1965 | | | `-- Apistogramma Regan, 1913 [nom. nov. (pro Heterogramma Regan, 1906)] [Heterogramma Regan, 1906, non Heterogramma Guenèe, 1854; Pintoichthys Fowler, 1954] (South American dwarf cichlids; apistos; apistot, kääpiökirjoahvenet) [62 sp. + atleast 25 undescribed (Kullander, 2004)] | | `--o Gymnogeophagus [8] | | |-- G. australis (Eigenmann, 1907) (Uruguayan eartheater) | | |-- G. balzanii (Perugia, 1891) (Argentine humphead) | | |-- G. gymnogenys (Hensel, 1870) (Smooth-cheek eartheater) | | |-- G. labiatus (Hensel, 1870) | | |-- G. lacustris Reis & Malabarba, 1988 | | |-- G. meridionalis Reis & Malabarba, 1988 | | |-- G. rhabdotus (Hensel, 1870) (Stripefin eartheater) | | `-- G. setequedas Reis, Malabarba & Pavanelli, 1992 | `--+--o “Geophagus” steindachneri -group | | `-- “Geophagus” steindachneri Eigenmann & Hildebrand, 1910 (Redhump eartheater) | `--o Satanoperca [Geophagus in partim] (paholaistonkijat) [7] | |-- S. acuticeps (Heckel, 1840) (Sharp-head eartheater; teräväkuonotonkija) | |-- S. daemon (Heckel, 1840) (Three-spot eartheater; kolmitäplätonkija) | |-- S. jurupari (Heckel, 1840) [Geophagus jurupari] (Demon eartheater; paholaistonkija) | |-- S. leucosticta (Müller & Troschel, 1848) (White-spot eartheater; valkotäplätonkija) | |-- S. lilith Kullander & Ferreira, 1988 | |-- S. mapiritensis (Fernández-Yépez, 1950) | `-- S. pappaterra (Heckel, 1840) `--+--o Acarichthyini Kullander, 1989 | |-- Acarichthys heckelii (Müller & Troschel, 1849) (Threadfin acara) | `--o Guianacara Kullander & Nijssen, 1989 [6] | |-- G. (Oelemaria) oelemariensis Kullander & Nijssen, 1989 | `--o (Guianacara) | |-- G. (G.) geayi (Pellegrin, 1902) [Aequidens geayi] | |-- G. (G.) owroewefi Kullander & Nijssen, 1989 | |-- G. (G.) sphenozona Kullander & Nijssen, 1989 | |-- G. (G.) stergiosi López-Fernández, Taphorn Baechle & Kullander, 2006 [Acarichthys sp. “Rio Caura”; Guianacara sp. “Rio Caroni”] | `-- G. (G.) cuyunii López-Fernández, Taphorn Baechle & Kullander, 2006 `--o Crenicaratini |?- Mazarunia mazarunii Kullander, 1990 |--o Biotodoma [4] | |-- B. cupido (Heckel, 1840) (Greenstreaked eartheater) | |-- B. wavrini (Gosse, 1963) (Orinoco eartheater) | |-- B. dicentrarchus Kullander, 1989 | `-- B. opercularis (Steindachner, 1875) `--+--o Crenicara [2] | |-- C. latruncularium Kullander & Staeck, 1990 | `-- C. punctulatum (Günther, 1863) Checkerboard cichlid `--o Dicrossus [2] |-- D. filamentosus (Ladiges, 1958) (Chessboard cichlid) `-- D. maculatus Steindachner, 1875
Reference(s):
- Froese, R. & Pauly, D. (eds), 2001: FishBase.
–iNet: www.fishbase.org - Kullander, S. O., 1995-2002: Phylogeny of major groups of cichlids. (Updated: 2002-04-12)
–iNet: Swedish Museum of Natural History: Guide to the South American Cichlidae: http://www2.nrm.se/ve/pisces/acara/cichphyl.shtml; [visited: 2005-03-11] - López-Fernández, H., Taphorn Baechle, D. C. & Kullander, S. O., 2006: Two new species of Guianacara from the Guianan Shield of eastern Venezuela (Perciformes: Cichlidae).
–Copeia: Vol. 2006, #3, pp. 384-395