After Carroll, 1988, and Nelson, 1994, with Recent species from Froese & Pauly, 2001 [“The Fishbase”]
<==o Caranginae [22/96] |--o Alectis [3] | |-- A. alexandrinus (Geoffroy St. Hilaire, 1817) (African threadfish) | |-- A. ciliaris (Bloch, 1787) (African pompano) | `-- A. indicus (Rüppell, 1830) (Indian threadfish) |?-o Alepes [5] | |-- A. apercna Grant, 1987 (Smallmouth scad) | |-- A. djedaba (Forsskål, 1775) (Shrimp scad) | |-- A. kleinii (Bloch, 1793) (Razorbelly scad) | |-- A. melanoptera Swainson, 1839 (Blackfin scad) | `-- A. vari (Cuvier, 1833) (Herring scad) |?- Atropus atropos (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) (Cleftbelly trevally) |?- Atule mate (Cuvier, 1833) (Yellowtail scad) |?- Campogramma glaycos (Lacépède, 1801) (Vadigo) |-- Carangoides [19] |-- Caranx [Citula, Parequula] M. Eoc. Plioc. Eu. Eoc. Pleist. NA. Plioc. NAf. R. Oc. [20] |--o Chloroscombrus [2] | |-- C. chrysurus (Linnaeus, 1766) (Atlantic bumper) | `-- C. orqueta Jordan & Gilbert, 1883 (Pacific bumper) |--o Decapterus [Lompochites] Mioc. NA. Plioc. NAf. R. Oc. [12] | |-- D. akaadsi Abe, 1958 | |-- D. koheru (Hector, 1875) (Koheru) | |-- D. kurroides Bleeker, 1855 (Redtail scad) | |-- D. lajang Bleeker 1855 | |-- D. macarellus (Cuvier, 1833) (Mackerel scad) | |-- D. macrosoma Bleeker, 1851 (Shortfin scad) | |-- D. maruadsi (Temminck & Schlegel, 1844) (Japanese scad) | |-- D. muroadsi (Temminck & Schlegel, 1844) (Amberstripe scad) | |-- D. punctatus (Cuvier, 1829) (Round scad) | |-- D. russelli (Rüppell, 1830) (Indian scad) | |-- D. scombrinus (Valenciennes, 1846) (Mexican scad) | `-- D. tabl Berry, 1968 (Roughear scad) |-- Gnathanodon speciosus (Forsskål, 1775) (Golden trevally) |--o Hemicaranx [4] | |-- H. amblyrhynchus (Cuvier, 1833) (Bluntnose jack) | |-- H. bicolor (Günther, 1860) (Bicolor jack) | |-- H. leucurus (Günther, 1864) (Yellowfin jack) | `-- H. zelotes Gilbert, 1898 (Blackfin jack) |-- Megalaspis cordyla (Linnaeus, 1758) (Torpedo scad) |?- Pantolabus radiatus (Macleay, 1881) (Fringe-finned trevally) |--+-- †Trachincaranx | `-- Parastromateus niger (Bloch, 1795) [Apolectus, Formio] (Black pomfret) |?-o Pseudocaranx [3] | |-- P. chilensis (Guichenot, 1848) (Juan Fernandez trevally) | |-- P. dentex (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) (White trevally) | `-- P. wrighti (Whitley, 1931) (Skipjack trevally) |--o Selar [2] | |-- S. boops (Cuvier, 1833) (Oxeye scad) | `-- S. crumenophthalmus (Bloch, 1793) (Bigeye scad) |?- Selaroides leptolepis (Cuvier, 1833) Yellowstripe scad |--o Selene Tert. Eu. R. Oc. [Vomer] [7] | |-- S. brevoortii (Gill, 1863) (Mexican lookdown) | |-- S. brownii Spix & Agassiz, 1829-31 (Caribbean moonfish) | |-- S. dorsalis (Gill, 1863) (African moonfish) | |-- S. oerstedii Lütken, 1880 (Mexican moonfish) | |-- S. peruviana (Guichenot, 1866) (Pacific moonfish) | |-- S. setapinnis (Mitchill, 1815) (Atlantic moonfish) | `-- S. vomer (Linnaeus, 1758) (Lookdown) |--o Trachurus M. Eoc. Eu. Mioc. Plioc. NAf. R. Oc. (piikkimakrillit) [14] | |-- †T. primaevus | |-- T. capensis Castelnau, 1861 (Cape horse mackerel) | |-- T. declivis (Jenyns, 1841) (Greenback horse mackerel) | |-- T. delagoa Nekrasov, 1970 (African scad) | |-- T. indicus Necrasov, 1966 (Arabian scad) | |-- T. japonicus (Temminck & Schlegel, 1844) (Japanese jack mackerel) | |-- T. lathami Nichols, 1920 (Rough scad) | |-- T. longimanus (Norman, 1935) (Crozet scad) | |-- T. mediterraneus (Steindachner, 1868) (Mediterranean horse mackerel) | |-- T. murphyi Nichols, 1920 (Inca scad) | |-- T. novaezelandiae Richardson, 1843 (Yellowtail horse mackerel) | |-- T. picturatus (Bowdich, 1825) (Blue jack mackerel) | |-- T. symmetricus (Ayres, 1855) (Pacific jack mackerel) | |-- T. trachurus (Linnaeus, 1758) (piikkimakrilli; Atlantic horse mackerel) | `-- T. trecae Cadenat, 1950 (Cunene horse mackerel) |?-o Ulua [2] | |-- U. aurochs (Ogilby, 1915) Silvermouth trevally | `-- U. mentalis (Cuvier, 1833) Longrakered trevally `--o Uraspis [3] |-- U. helvola (Forster, 1801) (Whitemouth jack) |-- U. secunda (Poey, 1860) (Cottonmouth jack) `-- U. uraspis (Günther, 1860) (Whitetongue jack)
Reference(s):
- Carroll, R. L., 1988: Vertebrate paleontology and evolution.
–W. H. Freeman and company, New York, 1988, 698 - Carroll, R. L., 1988: Appendix. 594-648
in Carroll, R. L., 1988: Vertebrate paleontology and evolution.
–W. H. Freeman and company, New York, 1988, 698 - Froese, R. & Pauly, D. (eds), 2001: FishBase.
–iNet: www.fishbase.org - Lahti, S., Malmström, K. K., Koli, L., Leikola, A., Syrjämäki, J. & Lahti, J., 1980: Zoo, Suuri Eläinkirja 5: Kalat, sammakkoeläimet, matelijat.
–Werner Söderström Osakeyhtiö, Porvoo-Helsinki-Juva, 1980.
Original work [in French]: Beauté Du Monde Animal: IX Reptiles/Amphibiens & X Poissons.
–Rizzoli Editore, Milano, 1968 - Nelson, J. S., 1994: Fishes of the world.
–John Wiley & Sons Inc., New York, 1994, xx-600