After Olson, 1985, Feduccia, 1980, 1996, Sibley & Monroe, 1990, and Peterson, 2002-2003
<==o Rheiformes (rheas; nandulinnut) |--o †Opisthodactylidae Ameghino, 1895 [possibly synonymous to Rheidae] | |?- †Diogenornis fragilis Alvarenga, 1983: U. Pal. SSA. | `-- †Opisthodactylus patagonicus Ameghino, 1895; U. Mioc. SSA. `--o Rheidae (Bonaparte, 1853) (rheas; nandut) |-- †Heterorhea dabbenei Rovereto, 1914; U. Plio. SSA. |-- †Hinasuri nehuensis Ameghino, 1891; U. Plio. SSA. `--o Rhea Brisson, 1760 [incl. Pterocnemia GR Gray, 1870] |--o R. americana (Linnaeus, 1758) (Greater Rhea; amerikannandu) | |-- R. a. albescens Lynch & Holmberg, 1878 | |-- R. a. americana (Linnaeus, 1758) | |-- R. a. araneipes Brodkorb, 1938 | |-- R. a. intermedia Rothschild & Chubb, 1914 | `-- R. a. nobilis Brodkorb, 1939 `--o R. pennata d'Orbigny, 1834 [Rhea darwinii Gould, 1837] (Lesser Rhea; patagoniannandu) |-- R. p. garleppi (Chubb, 1913) |-- R. p. pennata d'Orbigny, 1834 (Darwin's Rhea; darwininnandu) `-- R. p. tarapacensis (Chubb, 1913) (Puna Rhea; punannandu)
Reference(s):
- Feduccia, A., 1980: The Age of Birds.
–Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts & London, England, 1980, IX-196 - Feduccia, A., 1996: The Origin and Evolution of Birds.
–Yale University Press, Hew Haven, 1996, - Olson, S. L., 1985: The fossil record of birds. 79-239.
in Farner, D., King, J. & Parkes, K. (eds.), 1985: Avian Biology. vol VIII.
–Academic Press, New York. 1985. - Peterson, A. P., 2002-2003: Struthioniformes
–iNet: Zoonomen Nomenclatural data: http://www.zoonomen.net/avtax/frame.html - Sibley, C. G. & Monroe, B. L., 1990: Distribution and taxonomy of birds of the world.
–Yale University Press, New Haven & London, 1990. xxiv-1111.