After Kammerer & Angielczyk, 2009, and Botha-Brink & Angielczyk, 2010
<==o †Dicynodontia Owen, 1859 sensu Modesto, Rubidge & Welman, 1999 (from Modesto & Rubidge, 2000) |--o †Eodicynodon [Eodicynodontoidea: Eodicynodontidae | |-- †E. oosthuizeni | `?- †E. oelofseni [a basal anomodont (Botha-Brink & Angielczyk, 2010)] `--+-- †Colobodectes cluveri Modesto, Rubidge, Visser & Welman, 2003 `--+--o †Pylaecephalidae van Hoepen, 1934 sensu Kammerer & Angielczyk, 2009 [Pylaecephalinae van Hoepen, 1934; Diictodontidae; Robertoidea Cluver & King, 1983; Robertiidae Cluver & King, 1983; paraphyletic Diictodontia in partim; Diictodontidae] | |?- †Anomodon Keyser, 1975 | |--o †Robertia Boonstra, 1948 [Broilius Toerien, 1953] | | |-- †R. broomina Boonstra, 1948 [Dicynodon schroederi] | | `-- †R. antjiesfonteinensis (Toerien, 1953) [Broilius antjiesfonteinensis Toerien, 1953] | `--o †Diictodon Broom, 1913 [Pylaecephalus van Hoepen, 1934] | |-- †D. feliceps (Owen, 1876) Cluver & Hotton, 1981 [Dicynodon ictidops Broom, 1913; Pylaecephalus ictidops (Broom) van Hoepen, 1934; Diictodon ictidops (Broom)] | |?- †D. galeops | |?- †D. grimbeeki | |?- †D. palustris | |?- †D. psittacops | `?- †D. parringtoni `--+-- †Brachyprosopus broomi |--o †Eumantelliidae Broom, 1935 sensu Kammerer & Angielczyk, 2009 [Eumantellidae Broom, 1935; Pristerodontinae Toerien, 1953; Parringtoniellinae Toerien, 1953; Pristerodontidae Cluver & King, 1983; Pristerodontidae King, 1988] | |?-o †Emyduranus Broom, 1921 | | |-- †E. platyops Broom, 1921 | | `-- †E. gracilis Broom, 1935 | |?- †Eurychororhinus boonstrai Broili & Schroeder, 1935 | |?- †Storthyggnathus Janensch, 1952 [Storthyggnathus Janensch, 1952; Storthyggognathus Janensch, 1952] [jr, synon.? Emydops Broom, 1912] | |?- †Synostocephalus vanhoepeni Broili & Schroeder, 1935 [jr, synon.? Pristerodon] | `--o †Pristerodon Huxley, 1868 [Brachyuraniscus Broili & Schroeder, 1935; Cerataelurus Broom, 1931; Eumantellia Broom, 1935; Hueneus Toerien, 1953; Newtonella Broom, 1937; Parringtoniella Toerien, 1953] | |-- †P. agilis Broom, 1904 | |?- †P. boonstrai (Broili & Schroeder, 1935) [em>Eurychororhinus boonstrai Broili & Schroeder, 1935] | |-- †P. buffaloensis Toerien, 1953 | |-- †P. mackayi Huxley, 1868 [Brachyuraniscus merwevillensis Toerien, 1953; Brachyuraniscus reuningi Broili & Schröder, 1935; Cerataelurus mirabilis Broom, 1931; Dicynodon microrhynchus von Huene 1931; Dicynodon pygmaeus Broom & Haughton, 1917; Dicynodon raniceps Owen, 1876; Dicynodon swierstrai Broom, 1940; Dicynodon trigoniceps Broom, 1904; Diictodon pygmaeus Broom & Haughton, 1917; Emydops kitchingi Toerien, 1953; Emydops longiceps Broom, 1913; Emydops microdon Broom, 1936; Emydops murraysburgensis Toerien, 1953; Emydops trigoniceps Broom, 1904; Emydopsis microdon Broom, 1936; Emydopsis trigoniceps Broom, 1904; Oudenodon raniceps Owen, 1876; Oudenodon trigoniceps Broom, 1904; Parringtoniella broomi Toerien, 1953; Pristerodon broomi Toerien, 1953; Pristerodon microrhynchus von Huene, 1931; Pristerodon raniceps Owen, 1876] | |-- †P. mirus (Broom, 1935) [Eumantellia mirus Broom, 1935] | |-- †P. oudebergensis (Toerien, 1953) [Hueneus oudebergensis Toerien, 1953] | |-- †P. platyceps (Broom, 1937) [Newtonella platyceps Broom, 1937] | |-- †P. vanhoepeni (Broili & Schroeder, 1935) [Synostocephalus vanhoepeni Broili & Schroeder, 1935] | `-- †P. whaitsi ( Broom, 1911) [Diaelurodon whaitsi Broom, 1911] `--+-- †Endothiodontia Owen, 1876 sensu Modesto, Rubidge & Welman, 2002, and Kammerer & Angielczyk, 2009 [Endothiodontoidea Owen, 1876 (non Lydekker, 1890)] `--o †Therochelonia Seeley, 1894 sensu Kammerer & Angielczyk, 2009 |-- †Emydopoidea van Hoepen, 1934 sensu Cluver & King, 1983 [paraphyletic Diictodontia in partim; Kingorioidea King, 1988] `--o †Bidentalia Bain, 1845 vide Owen, 1876 sensu Kammerer & Angielczyk, 2009 [“Bidentals” Bain, 1845] |?- †Elph borealis Kurkin, 1999 |?- †Interpresosaurus blomi Kurkin, 1999 |?- †Katumbia parringtoni Angielczyk, 2007 |?- †Propelanomodon devilliersi |-- †Cryptodontia Owen, 1860 sensu Kammerer & Angielczyk, 2009 `-- †Dicynodontoidea Cope, 871 sensu Cluver & King, 1981 and Kammerer & Angielczyk, 2009
Dicynodontia incertae sedis:
†Abajudon kaayai Angielczyk, Huertas, Smith, Tabor, Sidor, Steyer, Tsuji & Gostling, 2014; M.Perm. EAf. †Compsodon †Cryptocynodon †Emydorhinus †Eosimops †Haughtoniana †Koupia †Prodicynodon beaufortensis †Taognathus megalodon
After Modesto, Rubidge & Welman, 1999 (from Modesto & Rubidge, 2000), Modesto, Rubidge & Welman, 2002, and Modesto, Rubidge, Visser & Welman, 2003<==o †Dicynodontia |--o †Eodicynodontoidea | `--o †Eodicynodontidae | `-- †Eodicynodon `--+-- †Colobodectes `--+--o †Endothiodontoidea | `--o †Endothiodontidae | |?- †Pachytegos | |-- †Chelyodontops | `--+-- †Lanthanostegus | `-- †Endothiodon `--+-- †Pristerodontia |-- †Diictodontia `--o †Kingorioidea `--o †Kingoriidae |-- †Kingoria `-- †Kombusia |
After Cox 1998<==o †Dicynodontia Owen, 1859 |--o †Eodicynodontoidea | `--o †Eodicynodontidae | `-- †Eodicynodon `--+-- †Colobodectes |--+-- Dicynodontoidea | `--o †Robertoidea | `--o Robertiidae | |?- †Anomodon | |-- †Robertia | `-- †Diictodon `--+--o †Endothiodontoidea | |--o †Pristerodontidae | | |-- †Emyduranus | | |-- †Eurychororhinus | | |-- †Pristerodon | | |-- †Storthyggnathus | | `-- †Synostocephalus | `--o †Endothiodontidae | |?- †Pachytegos | |-- †Chelyodontops | `--+-- †Lanthanostegus | `-- †Endothiodon `--o †Emydopoidea |--o †Emydopidae | |?- †Emydorhynchus | |-- †Emydops | |-- †Myosauroides | `-- †Palemydops |--o †Cistecephalidae | |-- †Cistecephaloides | |-- †Cistecephalus | `-- †Kawingasaurus |--o †Myosauridae | `-- †Myosaurus `--o †Kingoriidae |-- †Kingoria `-- †Kombusia |
Reference(s):
- Angielczyk, K. D., Huertas, S., Smith, R. M. H., Tabor, N. J., Sidor, C. A., Steyer, J.-S., Tsuji, L. A. & Gostling, N. J., 2014: New dicynodonts (Therapsida, Anomodontia) and updated tetrapod stratigraphy of the Permian Ruhuhu Formation (Songea Group, Ruhuhu Basin) of southern Tanzania.
–Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology: Vol. 34, #6, pp. 1408-1426 [doi: 10.1080/02724634.2014.880448] - Battail, B. & Surkov, M. V., 2000: Mammal-like reptiles from Russia. 86-119
in Benton, M. J., Shishkin, M. A., Unvin, D. M. & Kurochkin, E. N., (eds.) 2000: The Age of Dinosaurs in Russia and Mongolia.
–Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2000, xxxix-696 - Botha-Brink, J. & Angielczyk, K. D., 2010: Do extraordinarily high growth rates in Permo-Triassic dicynodonts (Therapsida, Anomodontia) explain their success before and after the end-Permian extinction?
–Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society: in Press, pp. 1-25 [doi: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00601.x] - Chinsamy, A. & Rubidge, B. S. 1993: Dicynodont(Therapsida) bone histology: Phylogenetic and physiological implications.
–Paleontologica Africana: Vol. 30, pp. 97-102 - Cox, C. B., 1998: The jaw function and adaptive radiation of the dicynodont mammal-like reptiles of the Karoo basin of South Africa.
–Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society: Vol 122, #1-2, pp. 349-384 - Kammerer, C. F. & Angielczyk, K. D., 2009: A proposed higher taxonomy of anomodont therapsids.
–Zootaxa: #2018, pp. 1-24 - Modesto, S. P. & Rubidge, B. S., 2000: A basal anomodont therapsid from the Lower Baufort Group, Upper Permian of South Africa.
–Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology: Vo. 20, #3, pp. 515-521 - Modesto, S. P., Rubidge, B. S., Visser, I. & Welman, J., 2003: A new basal dicynodont from the Upper Permian of South Africa.
–Palaeontology: Vol. 46, #1, pp. 211-223 - Modesto, S. P., Rubidge, B. S. & Welman, J., 2002: A new dicynodont therapsid from the lowermost Beaufort Group, Upper Permian of South Africa.
–Canadian Journal of Earth Sciencies: Vol. 39, #12, pp. 1755-1765
[http://article.pubs.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/ppv/RPViewDoc?_handler_=HandleInitialGet&journal=cjes&volume=39&calyLang=eng&articleFile=e02-091.pdf] - Modesto, S. P., Rubidge, B. S. & Welman, J., 2003: Erratum: A replacement name for Lanthanocephalus Modesto, Rubidge, and Welman 2002, not Lanthanocephalus Williams and Starmer 2000.
–Canadian Journal of Earth Sciencies: Vol. 40, #3, pp. 467
[http://pubs.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/rp/rppdf/e03-900.pdf] - Ray, S. & Bandyopadhyay, S., 2003: Late Permian vertebrate community of the Pranhita-Godavari valley, India.
–Journal of Asian Earth Sciences: Vol. 21, pp. 643-654