Publications on the Indus script and Indus Civilization

(a) In English, German and French

(1) Books

Parpola, Asko, B. M. Pande & Petteri Koskikallio (eds.), in press (2006). Corpus of Indus Seals and Inscriptions. 3:  New material, untraced objects and collections outside India and Pakistan. (Annales Academiae Scientiarum Fennicae, B 241.) Helsinki: Suomalainen Tiedeakatemia. 4:o (30 cm).
 
Parpola, Asko, 2000. Deciphering the Indus script. First paperback edition. Cambridge:  Cambridge University Press. 4:o, xxii, 374 pp., with 226 figs. and 11 tables.  ISBN 0-521-79566-4.

Parpola, Asko. 1997. Deciphering the Indus script: Methods and select interpretations. Keynote  address delivered at the 25th Annual South Asia Conference, University of Wisconsin,  Madison, Wisconsin, 18-20 October 1996. (Occasional Papers Series, 2.) Madison: Center for  South Asia,  University of Wisconsin-Madison. 42 pp., 60 figs.

Parpola, Asko, 1994. Deciphering the Indus script. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 4:o (28 cm), xxii, 374 pp., with 226 figs. and 11 tables.  Hb ISBN 0-521-43079-8.

Parpola, Asko & Petteri Koskikallio (eds.), 1994. South Asian Archaeology 1993. Proceedings of the Twelfth International Conference of the European Association of South Asian Archaeologists held in Helsinki University 5-9 July 1993. Vol. I-II. (Annales Academiae Scientiarum Fennicae B 271.) Helsinki: Suomalainen Tiedeakatemia. 8:o (25 cm), 887 pp. with 412 figs. (photographs, line drawings and maps) and 22 tables. Pb ISBN 951-41-0729-2.

Shah, Sayid Ghulam Mustafa & Asko Parpola (eds.), 1991. Corpus of Indus Seals and Inscriptions. 2: Collections in Pakistan, edited in collaboration with Ahmad Nabi Khan, M. Rafique Mughal, F.A. Durrani, M. A. Halim, George F. Dales, Michael Jansen, M. Tosi, Walter A. Fairservis and Giorgio Stacul and with the assistance of Jyrki Lyytikkä, S.M. Ilyas, Arto Vuohelainen and Petteri Koskikallio. (Annales Academiae Scientiarum Fennicae, B 240 & Memoirs of the Department of Archaeology and Museums, Government of Pakistan, 5.) Helsinki: Suomalainen Tiedeakatemia. 4:o (30 cm), xxxii + 448 pp. , with 5453 photographs (36 in colours). Hb ISBN 951-41-0556-7.

Joshi, Jagat Pati & Asko Parpola (eds.), 1987. Corpus of Indus Seals and Inscriptions. 1: Collections in India, edited with the assistance of Erja Lahdenperä & Virpi Hämeen-Anttila. (Annales Academiae Scientiarum Fennicae, B 239 & Memoirs of the Archaeological Survey of India, 86.) Helsinki: Suomalainen Tiedeakatemia. 4:o (30 cm), xxxii + 392 pp. , with nearly 3900 photographs. Hb ISBN 951-41-0555-9.

Parpola, Asko, 1985. The Sky-Garment: A study of the Harappan religion and its relation to the Mesopotamian and later Indian religions. (Studia Orientalia, 57.) Helsinki: Finnish Oriental Society. 8:o (25 cm), 216 pp. + 35 figs. on 25 pp. Pb ISBN 951-95076-9-8.

Koskenniemi, Kimmo & Asko Parpola, 1982. A concordance to the texts in the Indus script. (Department of Asian and African Studies, University of Helsinki, Research Reports, 3), Helsinki: Department of Asian and African Studies, University of Helsinki. 4:o (30 cm), 201 pp. Pb ISBN 951-45-2822-0.

Koskenniemi, Kimmo & Asko Parpola, 1980. Documentation and duplicates of the texts in the Indus script. (Department of Asian and African Studies, University of Helsinki, Research reports, 2.) Helsinki: Department of Asian and African Studies, University of Helsinki. 4:o (30 cm), 98 pp. Pb ISBN 951-45-2149-8.

Koskenniemi, Kimmo & Asko Parpola, 1979. Corpus of texts in the Indus script. (Department of Asian and African Studies, University of Helsinki, Research Reports, 1.) Helsinki: Department of Asian and African Studies, University of Helsinki. 4:o (30 cm), 179 pp.  Pb ISBN 951-45-1627-3.

Koskenniemi, Seppo & Asko Parpola & Simo Parpola, 1973. Materials for the study of the Indus script, I: A concordance to the Indus inscriptions. (Annales Academiae Scientiarum Fennicae, B 185.) Helsinki: Suomalainen Tiedeakatemia. 8:o (25 cm), xxviii + 528 + 55* pp.  Pb ISBN 951-41-0105-7.

(2) Articles

Parpola, Asko, in press (2006). Human sacrifices in India in Vedic times and before. In: Jan Bremmer (ed.), Human sacrifice.

Parpola, Asko, in press (2006). Writing in India. In: Helaine Selin (ed.), Encyclopaedia of the History of Science, Technology and Medicine in Non-Western Cultures. Springer.

Parpola, Asko, in press (2006). Administrative contact and acculturation between Harappans and Bactrians: Evidence of sealings and seals. Pp. 281-288 in: Catherine Jarrige (ed.), South Asian Archaeology 2001. Paris: ADPF Éditions Recherche sur les Civilisations.

Parpola, Asko, in press (2006). Copper tablets from Mohenjo-daro and the study of the Indus script. In: Eric Olijdam & R. H. Spoor (eds.), Intercultural relations between South and Southwest Asia. Studies in commemoration of E. C. L. During Caspers. (B. A. R. international series.) Oxford: Archaeopress.

Parpola, Asko, 2005. Study of the Indus script. Transactions of the International Conference of Eastern Studies, no. 50 (2005): 28-66. Tokyo: The Tôhô Gakkai. (PDF)

Parpola, Asko, 2004. From archaeology to a stratigraphy of Vedic syncretism. The banyan tree and the water buffalo as Harappan-Dravidian symbols of royalty, inherited in succession by Yama, Varuna and Indra, divine kings of the first three layers of Aryan speakers in South Asia. Pp. 479-515 in: Arlo Griffiths & Jan E. M. Houben (eds.), The Vedas: Texts, language & ritual. Proceedings of the Third International Vedic Workshop, Leiden  2002. (Groningen Oriental Studies, 20.) Groningen: Egbert Forsten.

Parpola, Asko, 2003. Sacred bathing place and transcendence: Dravidian kaTa(vuL) as the source of Indo-Aryan ghâT, tîrtha, tîrthankara and (tri)vikrama. Pp. 523-574 in: Olle Qvarnström (ed.),  Jainism and early Buddhism: Essays in honor of Padmanabh S. Jaini, I-II. Fremont, California: Asian Humanities Press.

Parpola, Asko,  & Marjatta Parpola, 2003. Die Indus-Schrift und ihre Entzifferung. Pp. 323-329 in: Wilfried Seipel (Hrsg.), Der Turmbau zu Babel: Ursprung und Vielfalt von Sprache und Schrift, Band IIIA: Schrift. Wien: Kunsthistorisches Museum & Milano: Skira Editore.

Parpola, Asko, 2002. Deciphering the Indus script: Examples of methods and controls. Paper read at:  Ancient Writing Systems: Decipherments and Non-Decipherments. Conference on the 50th  anniversary of Michael Ventris’ decipherment of Linear B, Rewley House, University of Oxford, 12-14 April 2002.

Parpola, Asko, 2002. Sacred bathing place and transcendence: Dravidian kaTa(vuL) as the source of Indo-Aryan ghâT, tîrtha, tîrthankara and (tri)vikrama. In: Olle Qvarnström (ed.),  Jainism and early Buddhism: Essays in honor of Padmanabh S. Jaini, I-II. Berkeley: Asian Humanities Press.

Parpola, Asko, 2000. Deciphering the Indus script: Basic methodology and some sample  interpretations. Indo-kôko-kenkyû --- Indian Archaeological Studies  21: 1-16. Tokyo: Indian  Archaeological Society.

Parpola, Asko, 1999. Industrious habits of cities past: What was life like in an Indus metropolis? [Review of: (1) Jonathan Mark Kenoyer, Ancient cities of the Indus Valley Civilization. Karachi: Oxford University Press, 1998, and (2) Gregory L. Possehl, Indus Age: The beginnings. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1999.] The Times Higher Education Supplement, 3 December 1999, p. 24.

Parpola, Asko, 1998. Sâvitrî and resurrection: The ideal of devoted wife, her forehead mark,  satî, and human sacrifice in Epic-Purânic, Vedic, Harappan-Dravidian and Near Eastern  perspectives. Pp. 167-312 in: Asko Parpola and Sirpa Tenhunen (eds.), Changing  patterns of family and kinship in South Asia.  (Studia Orientalia 84.) Helsinki: The Finnish Oriental Society.

Parpola, Asko, 1997. Seals of the Greater Indus Valley. Pp. 47-53 (Chapter three) in: Dominique  Collon (ed.), 7000 years of seals. London: British Museum Press.

Parpola, Asko, 1997. Dravidian and the Indus script: On the interpretation of some pivotal signs.  Studia Orientalia 82: 167-191. Helsinki: The Finnish Oriental Society.

Parpola, Asko, 1996. A Sumerian motif in Late Indus seals? Pp. 227-233 in: Julian Reade (ed.), The Indian Ocean in antiquity. London and New York: Kegan Paul International.

Parpola, Asko, 1996. The Indus script. Pp. 165-171 in: Daniels, Peter T., and William Bright (eds.), The world's writing systems. New York: Oxford University Press.

Parpola, Asko, 1994. The Indus script. Pp. 1669-1670 in: R.E. Asher (ed. in chief), The Encyclopedia of Language and Linguistics, vol. 3. Oxford: Pergamon Press Ltd.

Parpola, Asko, 1994. Harappan inscriptions: An analytical catalogue of the Indus inscriptions from the ancient Near East. Pp. 304-315 & 483-492 (bibliography) in: Flemming Hojlund and H. Hellmuth Andersen, Qala'at al-Bahrain, I: The northern city wall and the Islamic fortress, with contributions by O. Callot, J. Cataliotti-Valdina, J. Eidem, P.-L. Gatier, A. Hauptmann, P. Kj‘rum. W. van Neer, P. Northover, A. Parpola, C. J. Salter, M. Uerpmann, H.-P. Uerpmann and G. Willcox. (The Carlsberg Foundation's Gulf Project.) (Jutland Archaeological Society Publications 30: 1.) Aarhus: Jutland Archaeological Society.

Parpola, Asko, 1994. Deciphering the Indus script: A summary report. Pp. 571-586 in: Asko Parpola & Petteri Koskikallio (eds.), South Asian Archaeology 1993: Proceedings of the Twelfth International Conference of the European Association of South Asian Archaeologists held in Helsinki University 5-9 July 1993. (Annales Academiae Scientiarum Fennicae B 271.) Vol. II. Helsinki: Suomalainen tiedeakatemia.

Parpola, Asko, 1992. The "fig deity seal" from Mohenjo-Daro: Its iconography and inscription. Pp. 227-236 in: Catherine Jarrige (ed.), South Asian Archaeology 1989. (Monographs in World Archaeology, 14.) Madison, Wisconsin: Prehistory Press.

Parpola, Asko, 1991. On deciphering the Indus script. Pp. 188-197 in: Michael Jansen, M ire Mulloy and Günter Urban (eds.), Forgotten cities on the Indus: Early civilization in Pakistan from the 8th to the 2nd millennium B.C. Mainz: Verlag Philipp von Zabern.

Parpola, Asko, 1990. Bangles, sacred trees and fertility: Interpretations of the Indus script related to the cult of Skanda-Kumara. Pp. 263-284 in: Maurizio Taddei (ed.), with the assistance of Pierfrancesco Callieri, South Asian Archaeology 1987, 1. (Serie Orientale Roma, 66: 1.) Rome: Istituto Italiano per il Medio ed Estremo Oriente.

Parpola, Asko, 1989 (1990). Astral proper names in India: An analysis of the oldest sources, with argumentation for an ultimately Harappan origin. Brahmavidya : The Adyar Library Bulletin 53: 1-53. Madras. 

Parpola, Asko, 1989. Le dechiffrement de l'ecriture de l'Indus. Pp. 194-204 in: Civilisations anciennes du Pakistan. Bruxelles: Musees Royaux d'Art et d'Histoire. 

Parpola, Asko, 1989. Indus script. Pp. 311-314 in: Erik Barnouw (ed.in chief), International Encyclopaedia of Communications, Vol. 2. Philadelphia: The Annenberg School of Communications & New York: Oxford University Press. 

Parpola, Asko, 1988. Religion reflected in the iconic signs of the Indus script: Penetrating into long-forgotten picto+graphic messages. Visible Religion: Annual for Religious Iconography 6 (The image in writing): 114-135. Leiden.

Parpola, Asko, 1987. Zur Entzifferung der Indus-Schrift. Pp. 196-205 in: Vergessene Städte am Indus: Fruhe Kulturen in Pakistan vom 8.-2. Jahrtausend v. Chr. Mainz am Rhein: Verlag Philipp von Zabern. 

Parpola, Asko, 1986. The Indus script: A challenging puzzle. World Archaeology 17 (3: Early Writing Systems): 399-419. London. 

Parpola, Asko, 1986. The relative size of the seals and other clues to the royal titles of the Harappans. Tamil Civilization 4 (3-4: Seminar on the Indus script, edited by I. Mahadevan): 144-156. Thanjavur.

Parpola, Asko, 1985. The Harappan 'Priest-King's' robe and the Vedic tarpya garment: Their interrelation and symbolism (astral and procreative). Pp. 385-403 in: Janine Schotsmans & Maurizio Taddei (eds.), South Asian Archaeology 1983. (Istituto Universitario Orientale, Dipartimento di Studi Asiatici, Series Minor, 23), Vol. I. Naples: Istituto Universitario Orientale, Dipartimento di Studi Asiatici.

Parpola, Asko, 1984. New correspondences between the Harappan and Near Eastern glyptic art. Pp. 176-195 in: Bridget Allchin (ed.), South Asian Archaeology 1981. (University of Cambridge Oriental Publications, 34.) Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 

Brunswig, Robert H., Jr. & Asko Parpola & Daniel T. Potts, 1983. New Indus type and related seals from the Near East. Pp. 101-115 & pl. I-III in: Daniel T. Potts (ed.), Dilmun: New studies in the archaeology and early history of Bahrain. (Berliner Beiträge zum Vorderen Orient, 2.) Berlin: Dietrich Reimer Verlag. 

Parpola, Asko, 1981. On the Harappan 'yoke-carrier' pictogram and the ka vad i worship. Pp. 73-89 in: M. Arunachalam (ed.), Proceedings of the 5th International Conference- Seminar of Tamil Studies held in Madurai, South India, 5-10 January 1981, Vol. I, Section 2. Madras: International Association of Tamil Research. 

Parpola, Simo & Asko Parpola & Robert H. Brunswig, Jr., 1977. The Meluhha village: Evidence of acculturation of Harappan traders in late third millennium Mesopotamia? Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient 20 (2): 129-165. Leiden.

Parpola, Asko, 1975 (1976). Tasks, methods and results in the study of the Indus script. Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society 1975 (2): 178-209. London. 

Parpola, Asko, 1975. Isolation and tentative interpretation of a toponym in the Harappan inscriptions. Pp. 121-143 in: Jean Leclant (ed.), Le deciffrement des ecritures et des langues: Colloque du XXIXe congres international des orientalistes. Paris: L'Asiatheque. 

Parpola, Asko & Simo Parpola, 1975. On the relationship of the Sumerian toponym Meluhha and Sanskrit mleccha. Studia Orientalia 46 (Festschrift Armas Salonen): 205-238. Helsinki. 

Parpola, Asko & Eric Grinstead, 1973. A Harappan seal from Rakhigadhi, Haryana. Acta Orientalia 35: 103-114 & pl. I. Copenhagen. 

Koskenniemi, Seppo & Asko Parpola & Simo Parpola, 1970. A method to classify characters of unknown ancient scripts. Linguistics 61: 65-91. The Hague. [Also: The Scandinavian Institute of Asian Studies, Joint Reprint series, 2.]

(b) In Nordic languages

Parpola, Asko, 1995. Indus-kirjoituksen suljettu ovi raottuu: Mitä uutta saamme tietää ja mikä merkitys sillä on? Pp. 21-47 teoksessa: Rydman, Jan, 1995. (Toim.) Tutkimuksen etulinjassa: Tieteen päivät 1995. Porvoo-Helsinki-Juva: WSOY.

Parpola, Asko, 1995. Jääkö Indus-kirjoituksen arvoitus ratkaisematta? Unescon kuriiri 1995 (5) Näin kehittyi kirjoitus: 28-30.

Parpola, Asko, 1992. Hindulaisuuden viisi vuosituhatta: Durgan kultin alkuperästä. Pp. 48-74 teoksessa: Juha ja Katja Pentikäinen (toim.), Uskonnot maailmassa. Porvoo - Helsinki - Juva: WSOY.

Parpola, Asko, 1992. Indus-kirjoituksen tutkimuksesta. Pp. 177-185 teoksessa: Suomalainen tiedeakatemia / Academia Scientiarum Fennica: Vuosikirja / Year Book 1991-1992. Helsinki: Suomalainen tiedeakatemia.

Parpola, Asko, 1985. Indus-kulttuurin sinetöidyt salaisuudet. Tiede 2000 5 (10): 12-19. (15113)

Parpola, Asko, 1982. Indusdalen. Pp. 311-332 in: Rostislav Holthoer & Asko Parpola & Simo Parpola, Flodrikena. (Bonniers världshistoria, 2.) Stockholm: Bonnier Fakta Bokförlag AB.

Parpola, Asko, 1982. Induskulturen. Pp. 311-332 in: Rostislav Holthoer & Simo Parpola & Asko Parpola, Flodrigerne. (Politikens verdenshistorie, 3.) Kobenhavn: Politikens Forlag.

Parpola, Asko, 1982. Induskulturen. Pp. 311-332 in: Rostislav Holthoer & Asko Parpola & Simo Parpola, Flodrikene. (Cappelens verdenshistorie, 2.) Oslo: J.W. Cappelens Forlag.

Parpola, Asko, 1982. Indus-kulttuuri. Pp. 311-331 teoksessa: Rostislav Holthoer & Asko Parpola & Simo Parpola, Jokilaaksojen valtakunnat. (Otavan suuri maailmanhistoria 2.) Helsinki: Otava. 3. painos 1985. 

Parpola, Asko, 1980. Från Indusreligion till Veda: Studier i de äldsta indiska religionerna. (Populärvetenskapliga skrifter utgivna av Finska Orient-Sällskapet, Svensk serie, 6.) Köpenhamn: Akademisk Forlag. 94 pp. 

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